Peripheral Neuro Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What do you look for around the bed?

A

Walking aids, wheelchairs

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2
Q

What do you look for in inspection of upper limb

A

Wasting, fasciculations, tremors, hypertophy, asymmetry, abnormal movements
Pronator drift

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3
Q

What do you do after inspection for upper limb?

A

Tone
Flex elbow, supinate slow then fast for catch, wrist circumduction
Power
Chicken, boxer, wrists, squeeze fingers, spread fingers, thumb & opposition
Reflexes

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4
Q

What’s after reflexes in upper limb?

A

Co-ordination (cerebellar rebound, finger nose, dysdiadokinesia)
Sensation (light touch, proprioception, pain, vibration, temp)

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5
Q

Name the upper limb reflexes and nerve roots

A

Biceps (C5)
Brachioradialis/supinator (C6)
Triceps (C7)

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6
Q

What dermatome is the middle finger?

A

C7

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7
Q

Dermatomes of arm

A

C5-T1

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8
Q

Upper motor neuron lesion

A
Pronator drift
Increased tone
Increased reflexes
Clonus
Upgoing planter reflexes
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9
Q

Lower motor neuron lesion

A

Muscle wasting/fasciculation
Decreased tone and reflexes
Down going plantar reflexes (normal)

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10
Q

What muscles in the hand are supplied by the median nerve?

A
LOAF, thenar eminence
Lumbricals (1st and 2nd)
Opponens pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
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11
Q

Inspection of lower limb

A

Walking aids, wheelchairs, shoes
Wasting
Posture
Abnormal movements, tremor, fasciculations

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12
Q

What is done after inspection of lower limb?

A

Gait (festinant->parkinson’s, atacic->cerebellar, antalgic->OA of hip, foot slapping->sensory neuropathy)
Tone (leg roll, ankle drag)
Power

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13
Q

How do you test power w/nerve root

A
Hip flexion (L1, L2)
Hip extension (L5, S1)
Knee flexion (L5, S1)
Knee extension (L3, L4)
Ankle plantar flexion (S1)
Ankle dorsiflexion (L4, 5)
Hallux extension (L5)
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14
Q

Reflexes w/nerve roots

A

Knee (L3/4)
Ankle (S1/2)
Ankle clonus

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15
Q

What is tested after reflexes in lower limb

A

Coordination (heel-knee)

Sensation (L2-S2) (light touch, pain, vibration, proprioception)

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16
Q

What is Brown-Sequard syndrome?

A

Lateral disruption of one side of the spinal cord
Ipsilateral loss of light touch, proprioception and vibration
Contralateral loss of pain and temperature