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Flashcards in peripheral nervous system Deck (18)
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1
Q

how many pairs of cranial nerves

A

12

2
Q

how many pairs of spinal nerves

A

31

3
Q

nerve plexuses are what

A

intertwined network of spinal nerves

4
Q

sensory receptors are either of what two things

A
  1. specialized cells that synapse w/ dendrites of sensory neurons
  2. the dendrites of sensory neurons
5
Q

3 types of sensory receptors

A
  1. mechanoreceptors
  2. chemoreceptors
  3. photoreceptors
6
Q

mechanoreceptors

  1. detect changes in what 3 things
  2. include receptors for what 4 things
A
  1. detect changes in pressure, stretch, temp.

2. include receptors for proprioception, hearing, touch, blood pressure

7
Q

chemoreceptors

  1. detect changes in what
  2. include receptors for what 6 things
A
  1. detect changes in chemical environment

2. include receptors for pain, smell, taste, blood oxygen levels, blood carbon dioxide levels, pH levels

8
Q

photoreceptors

  1. detect changes in what
  2. receptors for what
A
  1. detect changes in light

2. receptors for vision

9
Q

what is sensation

A

body’s detection of changes in its internal/external environment

10
Q

perception is what

A

sensations that you’re consciously aware of that arise when sensory impulses activate the cerebral cortex sensory areas

11
Q

what is sensory receptor adaptation

A

it’s when a sensory receptor alters its ability to be activated

12
Q

what is downregulation

A

it’s when a sensory receptor becomes less sensitive because it’s being overstimulated

13
Q

what is upregulation

A

it’s when a sensory receptor becomes more sensitive because of lack of stimulation

14
Q

what 2 types of sensory receptors adapt quickly

A

touch and smell

15
Q

what 2 types of sensory receptors don’t adapt at all

A

pain and proprioception

16
Q

pain receptors

  1. aka
  2. location
  3. are what and are activated by what 2 means
A
  1. nociceptors
  2. located in the dendrites of certain sensory neurons
  3. they are protein receptors that are activated by excessive heat or by chemicals released by injured cells
17
Q

what are the chemicals released by injured cells

A

hormones called prostaglandins

18
Q

referred pain is what and give an example

A

it’s when a patient describes the location of pain

EX: my chest hurts and so does my left arm = heart attack