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Science (7+8 Grade) > Periodic Table > Flashcards

Periodic Table Flashcards

1
Q

Group

A

A column of elements on the periodic table

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2
Q

Period

A

A horizontal row of elements on the periodic table

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3
Q

Ion

A

Charged particles that form during chemical changes when one or more valence electrons transfer from one atom to another

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4
Q

Metal

A

Elements that are shiny and are good conductors of thermal energy and electrical current

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5
Q

Metalloids

A

Elements that both the properties of a metal and nonmetal; sometimes referred to as semi conductors

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6
Q

Non metals

A

Elements that are dull and poor conductors of thermal electric energy

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7
Q

Element

A

A pure substance that can’t be separated by physical or chemical means

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8
Q

Conductor

A

A material for which electrical charges and thermal energy move easily through

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9
Q

Chemical bond

A

A force of attraction that holds two atoms together

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10
Q

Covalent bond

A

The force of attraction between the nuclei of atoms and the electrons shared by atoms (occurs when two or more nonmetals bond together)

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11
Q

Malleable

A

The ability of a substance to be pounded into thin sheets

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12
Q

Ductile

A

The ability of a substance to drawn or pulled into thin wire

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13
Q

Periodic

A

Having a regular, repeating pattern

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14
Q

Periodic Law

A

The law that states that the chemical and physical properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers

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15
Q

Alkali metals

A

The elements in group 1 of the periodic table, the most reactive metals, have one valence electron

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16
Q

Alkaline earth metals

A

The elements in group 2 of the periodic table, they are very reactive but not as reactive as the elements in group 1, two valence electrons

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17
Q

Halogens

A

The elements in group 17 of the periodic table, they are reactive nonmetals, have seven valence electrons; means “salt former”

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18
Q

Noble gases

A

The unreactive elements in group 18 of the periodic table, eight valence electron (except helium)

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19
Q

valence electrons

A

The electrons in the outer most energy level of an atom , these electrons are involved in chemical bonding

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20
Q

Transition metals

A

Elements in groups 3-12 of the periodic table with one or two valence electrons

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21
Q

Ionic bond

A

The force of attraction between oppositely charged particles (Bond between a metal and a nonmetal)

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22
Q

A group is also called a

A

Family

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23
Q

How many valence electrons does it take for the last valence of an electron to be full?

A

Eight

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24
Q

An atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge

A

Ion

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25
Q

When an atom loses an electron, it becomes a _____ ion

A

Positive

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26
Q

When an atom gains an electron, it becomes a __________ ion

A

Negative

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27
Q

If ice cream melts, how does the mass of the ice cream compared to the mass of the liquid?

A

The mass does not change

28
Q

Does an endothermic or exothermic reaction absorb energy?

A

Endothermic

29
Q

Is combustion and endothermic or exothermic reaction?

A

Exothermic

30
Q

Is energy released in an exothermic reaction or an endothermic reaction?

A

Exothermic

31
Q

Chemically questions must be balanced because of what law?

A

The law of conservation of mass

32
Q

Is a melting popsicle a chemical or physical change?

A

Physical

33
Q

Is a rusting garden tool a physical or chemical change?

A

Chemical

34
Q

Is the process of photosynthesis in a plant a chemical or physical change?

A

Chemical

35
Q

Is a lumber cut from a tree a physical or chemical change

A

Physical

36
Q

Are exploding fireworks a chemical or physical change?

A

Chemical

37
Q

When the type of molecules change is that a chemical physical change?

A

Chemical

38
Q

Is a change in size of a substance a chemical or physical change?

A

Physical

39
Q

Is melted butter hardening in a fridge a chemical or physical change?

A

Physical

40
Q

Is chocolate melting in a hot car a physical or chemical change

A

Physical

41
Q

What is the main reason people would be concerned about a new nuclear power plant in the neighborhood?

A

People would be concerned about a new local nuclear power plant because of the threat of an accident.

42
Q

What process is used by nuclear power plants to produce low-cost, long-lasting energy?

A

Nuclear power plants use a process called nuclear fission

43
Q

What is nuclear fission

A

The splitting of the nucleus to create energy

44
Q

What is the problem with nuclear waste from a power plant

A

Nuclear waste remains dangerous for hundreds of thousands of years and there’s no safe place to keep them

45
Q

The substances that enter a chemical reaction are called ____________

A

Reactants

46
Q

____________ are The substances produced by a chemical reaction

A

Products

47
Q

In a chemical reaction, ____________ is gained or lost

A

Mass

48
Q

In a chemical equation the number of atoms of the reactants and products must _______________

A

Balance

49
Q

Iron combining with oxygen to form a more complex substance is an example of a ___________ reaction

A

Synthesis

50
Q

In a _______________ reaction a complex substance is broken down into simpler substance

A

Decomposition

51
Q

In a ____________________ reaction Adams of one element replace atoms of another element in a compound.

A

Single-replacement

52
Q

The reaction ______ is the speed with which reactants turn into product

A

Rate

53
Q

A number written below into the right of a chemical symbol in a formula is called a ___________

A

Subscript

54
Q

Which law states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical or physical changes?

A

The law of conservation of mass

55
Q

Chemical formula

A

A shorthand notation for a compound or diatomic molecule using chemical symbols and numbers

56
Q

Chemical equation

A

A shorthand description of a chemical reaction using chemical formulas and symbols

57
Q

Chemical reaction

A

The process by which one or more substances undergo change to produce one or more different substances

58
Q

Coefficient

A

A number placed in front of a chemical symbol or formula, used to balance a chemical equation

59
Q

Endothermic

A

The term used to describe a physical or chemical change in which energy is absorbed

60
Q

Exothermic

A

The term used to describe a physical or chemical changes in which energy is released

61
Q

The law of conservation of mass

A

The law that states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes

62
Q

Binary compound

A

A chemical compound consisting of two element

63
Q

Neutralization

A

A chemical reaction between an acid and a base that produces salt and water

64
Q

Catalyst

A

A substance that speeds up a reaction without being permanently changed

65
Q

Inhibitor

A

A substance that slows down or stops a chemical reaction

Science (7+8 Grade) (16 decks)

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