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Biomechanics Exam II COPY > Pelvis & Sacrum > Flashcards

Flashcards in Pelvis & Sacrum Deck (42)
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1
Q

How many bones are associated with the pelvic joint?

A

3; 2 SI joints and a pubic symphysis

2
Q

what is the function of the pelvic joint?

A

same as a typical vertebral functional unit

probably the least understood and most controversial function of any area in the musculoskeletal system

3
Q

what kind of joint is the pelvis?

A

mobile synovial

4
Q

what is the importance of the SI joint being a mobile synovial joint?

A

statics and dynamics of posture and gait
provide support for the trunk, guide movement and help absorb the compressive forces associated with locomotion and weight bearing

5
Q

Which joint is often ignored by other health care practitioners as an insignificant feature of musculoskeletal problems?

A

pelvis

6
Q

What do the contours of the pelvis develop into?

A

interlocking elevations and depressions that produce a keystone effect of the sacrum

7
Q

what does the keystone effect of the sacrum do?

A

effectively distributes axial compressive forces through the pelvic mechanism

8
Q

describe where the forces of the lower extremities go

A

they divide and head up toward the spine and anteriorly toward the pubic symphysis
also downward forces of gravity on the spine split to both sides

9
Q

what does the SI joint look like when you are first born?

A

at birth, the joints are underdeveloped, smooth and flat

10
Q

after you start walking, what happens to the SI joint?

A

the joints begin to take on their adult characteristics

11
Q

what happens during the teen years to the SI joint?

A

begin to roughen and develop their characteristic grooves and ridges

12
Q

what happens in the latera years of a male pelvis?

A

they will have interarticular adhesions across the SIjoints and will have lost SI joint motions

13
Q

what does ankylosing spondilitis do to the SI joint?

A

causes complete fusion of the joint
likes the anterior longitudinal ligament, SI joint involvement complaints of SI joint pain and less ability to flex and extend
if it is not treated, it could go throughout the whole spine
tends to affect people in their twenties
fairly common, radiographic:involvemtn of lumbar and SI joints

14
Q

describe the features of a gynecoid pelvis

A

inlet: round
sacrosciatic notch: average size
sacrum: average
subpubic arch: inclination well curved

15
Q

describe the features of an android pelvis

A

inlet: triangular
sacrosciatic notch: narrow
sacrum: forward
subpubic arch: inclination straight

16
Q

posterior sacroiliac ligaments

A

sacrum to the iliac tuberostiy ad posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS)
continue laterally with the sacrotuberous ligament and medially with thoracolumbar fascia

17
Q

sacrotuberous ligament

A

lower portion of the sacrum obliquely downward to the ischial tuberostiy
continues caudally with the tendon of the long head of the biceps femoris

18
Q

anterior sacroiliac ligament

A

numerous bands from lateral edge of the sacrum to the auricular surface of the ilium

19
Q

sacrospinous ligament

A

from the lower lateral edge of the sacrum and the upper edge of the coccyx to the ischial spine

20
Q

describe the motions during locomotion of the SI joint

A

flex/extend in unison with the corresponding hip joint

movements of flexion/extension in one joint are mirrored by the opposite movement at the other joint

21
Q

recent models have stressed the SI joint’s important role in what?

A

maintaining stability during the transfer of forces between the lower exremity and the spine

22
Q

nutation

A

as the left innominate moves posteriorly/inferiorly, the left sacral base moves anteriorly/inferiorly

23
Q

counter nutation

A

as the right innominate moves anteriorly/superiorly, the sacral base moves posteriorly/superiorly

24
Q

Gyroscopic movements

A

The proposed axes of motion in the SI articulation

Figure 8 movement

25
Q

what muscles are the SI joint crossed by?

A

NONE

26
Q

What muscles contribute to the strength of the joint capsule and ligaments of the SI joint?

A

quadratus lumborum, erector spinae, gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus, piriformis, iliacus, latissimus dorsi

27
Q

what so the muscles of the SI joint contain?

A

fibrous expansions that blend with the anteiror and posterior SI joint ligaments

28
Q

when the pelvis goes anterior and superior, what plane of motion did it subluxate?

A

+X

29
Q

when the pelvis goes posterior and inferior, what plane of motion did it subluxate?

A

-X

30
Q

when the pelvis goes external, what plane of motion did it subluxate?

A

L: -Y
R:+Y

31
Q

when the pelvis goes internal, what plane of motion did it subluxate?

A

L: +Y
R: -Y

32
Q

if the sacrum listing is SAL, what is the orthogonal listing?

A

+Z

33
Q

if the sacrum listing is SAR, what is the orthogonal listing?

A

-Z

34
Q

if the sacral subluxation is base posterior, what is the orthogonal listing?

A

-X (extension)

35
Q

if the sacral subluxation is apex posterior, what is the orthogonal listing?

A

+X (flexion)

36
Q

if the sacral subluxation is P-L, what is the orthogonal listing?

A

+Y

37
Q

if the sacral subluxation is P-R, what is the orthogonal listing?

A

-Y

38
Q

describe apex posterior

A

flexion malposition

nutation

39
Q

describe base posterior

A

extension malposition

counternutation

40
Q

Ankylosing spondylitis likes which joint?

A

SI joint

41
Q

What does ankylosing spondylitis do?

A

Completely fuses the joint, likes the ALL

tends to affect people in their 20s

42
Q

What happens if ankylosing spondylitis is not treated?

A

Could go throughout the whole spine