Pelvis and pelvic floor Flashcards Preview

Biology applied to midwifery practice > Pelvis and pelvic floor > Flashcards

Flashcards in Pelvis and pelvic floor Deck (9)
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1
Q

How many bones in the pelvis?

A

4: symphysis pubis +2 Innominate bones + coccyx

2
Q

What are the main types of pelvis?

A

gynaecoid (best for childbearing)
android
anthropoid
platypelloid (flat)

3
Q

What are the diameters of female pelvis?

A

AP Oblique Transverse
Brim 11 12 13
Cavity 12 12 12
Outlet 13 12 11

4
Q

When does the pelvic girdle pain usually resolve after pregnancy?

A

By 6 weeks after birth should go back to pre-pregnant state. Symphysis Pubis Disfunction.

5
Q

At what station should the head be at full dilatation?

A

Ideally near 0 or at + stations. Stations - relationship between presenting part and imaginary line on ischial spine level.

6
Q

Name the superficial muscles of the perineum.

A

Superficial transverse perineal muscle
Bulbospongiosus (Bulbocavernosus) muscle
Ischiocavernosus muscle

7
Q

What is the nerve supply of the perineum?

A

Derived from the pudendal nerve:

provided by 3rd and 4th sacral nerves.

8
Q

Name the deep muscles of the perineum (levator ani muscles)

A
Pubococcygeus (pubovisceral)
         -puboperinealis
         -pubovaginalis
         - puboanalis
Puborectalis
Illiococcygeus
(levator ani muscle trauma occurs in 13-36% of women who have vaginal birth).
2nd, 3rd and 4th sacral nerves
9
Q

How can you decrease the chance of perineal trauma?

A
  • perineal massage from 34 weeks
  • left lateral position associated with less trauma (squatting/standing with more)
  • warm compresses
  • slowing down when head is crowning