14 year old cat. MDx?
Bilateral thyroid nodular hyperplasia or bilateral thyroid adenomas
Icterus is noted in the ocular mucous membranes of this pig with massive hepatic necrosis. Name the disease. What is the cause?
Hepatosis dietetica
Caused by Vitamin E/Se deficiency
Heart from a dog.
MDx? Name the endocrine abnormality this condition is typically associated with:
Coronary Atherosclerosis
Associated with hypothyroidism (due to chronic hypercholesterolemia associated with hypothyroidism)
Lungs from a newborn calf found dead in the pasture.
MDx?
Diffuse pulmonary atelectasis
What is the required formalin to tissue ratio for fixation of tissue?
10:1
Lungs from a young horse. Etiology?
Rhodococcus equi
Adrenal glands. MDx?
Adrenal cortical hyperplasia
Caused by ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma. ACTH overstimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland and results in hyperplasia
The picture shows multifocal hepatitis in a pig condemned at slaughter. What is the most likely parasitic cause?
Ascaris suum
What is your top differential for this neoplastic condition in a cat?
lymphosarcoma
Note the rib impressions. This dog also had renal disease.
What’s going on here?
Uremic pneumonitis
Observe the dilation of the renal pelvis and ulceration/necrosis at the renal papilla. What is this condition called?
Pyelonephritis
Inflammation of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma
This ‘tiger heart’ appearance is a result of what disease?
Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD)
Tissue from a pig.
Etiology?
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae
What is the name of this disease in a pig?
What is it caused by?
Name of disease: Hepatosis dietetica
Cause: Vitamin E/Se deficiency
MDx for this kidney from an FIP-positive cat?
Multifocal pyogranulomatous nephritis
Identify the abnormality.
Rectovaginal fistula
The vulva functions as a common opening to the urogenital and GI tracts. This is usually associated with Atresia Ani.
Intestines from a young sow with profuse hemorrhagic diarrhea caused by Lawsonia inracellularis. MDx?
Proliferative hemorrhagic enteropathy
Identify this non-inflammatory condition due to deposition of glycosaminoglycans with fibrinoid degeneration of connective tissue, most common in the left atria and proximal aorta:
Mucoarteritis/endocarditis
Commonly associated with uremia
Lungs from a foal with a history of respiratory disease poorly-responsive to antibiotic therapy.
MDx? EDx?
- MDx: Multifocal pyogranulomatous pneumonia
- EDx: Rhodococcal pneumonia
MDx?
chronic pancreatic necrosis
Intestine from a grower pig. Etiology? EDx?
- Etiology: Lawsonia intracellularis
- EDx: Lawsonial enteritis
Which bacterial organism is this necrotic enteritis associated with in a pig?
Lawsonia inracellularis
Identify the abnormality in the picture:
Osteosarcoma induced by Spirocerca lupi
Pig. Name of disease? Etiology?
- Name of disease: Atrophic Rhinitis
- Etiology: Pasteurella multocida (A and D) and Bordetella bronchiseptica
Identify this abnormality in the horse associated with ingestion of Blister Beetles in alfalfa hay
ulcerative gastritis
Blister beetles in alfalfa hay - Cantharidin toxicity
This tissue is from a dog with kidney disease. MDx?
Hemorrhagic ulcerative gastritis
What abnormality are we looking at here? What is a common cause of this abnormality?
Arthrogyposis, likely as a result of BVD
**Schmallenberg Virus would be a good differential if you’re in the UK
Tissue from an adult cat. MDx?
parathyroid hyperplasia
The hindlimb enlargement in this green iguana is due to fibrous osteodystrophy. Which endocrine abnormality is this condition associated with?
Nutritional hyperparathyroidism
Tissue from a cat. MDx?
Hepatic lipidosis
Which special stain is commonly used to confirm Lawsonia intracellularis in a pig?
Warthin-Starry (silver) stain
MDx for this tissue in a pig?
Panlobular hepatic necrosis
The disease is hepatosis dietetica; caused by Vitamin E/Se deficiency
Colon from horse. MDx?
Chronic segmental ischemic necrosis
Associated with Strongylus vulgaris. The large intestine is supplied by the cranial mesenteric artery, leading to ischemia
The image below is often the cause of death in uremic animals. Identify.
pulmonary edema
Pulmonary edema results from damage to the air-blood barrier and plasma fluid leaks into the alveoli
Pictured is chronic arteritis with intraluminal thrombosis in a horse. What is the most likely etiology?
Strongylus vulgaris
Note the larvae in the tunica intima. EDx: verminous arteritis
What is the name of this disease? Etiology?
- Name of disease: Jowl abscess
- Etiology: Streptococcus porcinus
Sheep. MDx? Cause? Name of Disease?
- MDx: Nasal carcinoma or adenocarcinoma
- Cause: Enzootic Nasal Tumor Virus (ovine betaretrovirus)
- Name of Disease: Ovine enzootic nasal carcinoma
Identify the abnormality in this image:
Uremic stomatitis/glossitis
Oral bacteria transform urea into ammonia, which irritates the oral epithelium and causes ulceration of the mucosa. Note that the lesions are more on the ventral surface of the tongue. This is pretty characteristic of lesions associated with uremia.
This is the spleen from a Bernese Mountain Dog. What is the most likely differential?
Histiocytic sarcoma
Top two differentials for this pattern of nephritis in a cat?
FIP and lymphosarcoma
MDx: multifocal pyogranulomatous nephritis
The extreme dilation of the ventricles and thinning of cerebrocortical tissue shown in the image is characteristic for:
Congenital hydrocephalus
Liver from a dog. MDx?
Hepatic cirrhosis
Tissue from a steer.
MDx? Etiology?
- Mdx: Fibrinous pneumonia
- Etiology: Mannheimia haemolytica
What abnormality are we seeing in this cat? What is the most common cause?
Saddle thrombus
Most likely cause is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in cats
T/F: Parathyroid hyperplasia (pictured) is seen with secondary renal/nutritional hyperparathyroidism and pseudohyperparathyroidism observed in dogs with apocrine gland adenocarcinoma of the anal sac
False
Parathyroid hyperplasia is seen with secondary renal/nutritional hyperparathyroidism, but not with pseudohyperparathyroidism observed in dogs with apocrine gland adenocarcinoma of the anal sac
Skin from a dog. Dx?
Calcinosis cutis
Very suspicious for underlying hyperadrenocorticism
Tongue from a cat. MDx? Most likely cause?
Vesicular glossitis; calicivirus infection
Top differential?
Renal lymphosarcoma
Tissues from a calf. MDx?
Chronic suppurative omphalophlebitis
Fetal umbilical vein should close after birth and become the round ligament from liver to skin. If it gets infected/doesn’t close, it can become markedly thickened and can lead to liver abscesses (Multifocal areas of chronic suppurative abscesses, as seen in the photo)
Secondary disease to uremia. MDx?
Multifocal intercostal subpleural mineralization
May be associated with deposition of calcium secondary to cell injury, hypercalcemia, or hyperphosphatemia
Heart from a feedlot steer. MDx?
Chronic suppurative myocarditis
Likely the result of Histophilus somni infection
MDx?
Hemorrhagic and necrotizing pancreatitis
What the image shows is acute pancreatitis with saponifiction of fat. The fat necrosis is secondary to release of enzymes from the pancreas. These enzymes are proteolytic and can cause fat necrosis.
MDx?
Embolic pneumonia
Adrenal glands from a horse. MDx?
Adrenal pheochromocytoma
With which endocrine abnormality is this opacity of the lens fairly common?
Diabetes
Mouth of a dog. Identify the abnormality.
Oral melanoma
The myxedema shown in this obese dog is most commonly associated with which endocrine abnormality?
hypothyroidism
MDx for picture below: thyroid atrophy
Heart from a 14 year old cat with hyperthyroidism. MDx?
biventricular cardiac hypertrophy
What abnormality are we looking at here?
Cerebellar coning
Cecum of a horse. Woah, what are those?
Anoplocephala perfoliata
Tissue from a cow with severe chronic diarrhea and emaciation. MDx? Etiology?
- MDx: Granulomatous enteritis
- Etiology: Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis
Liver from a cow. What is the most likely etiology?
Fascioloides magna
The black discoloration on the surface and throughout the parenchyma is a result of the iron porphyrin pigment that is very characteristic of F. magna
When preparing a histological specimen, what is the ideal thickness of tissue in the cassette?
~3 mm