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Flashcards in Parts of the Aircraft Deck (40)
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1
Q

fuselage

A

body of the aircraft, contains cockpit and cabin/cargo area/attachment points

2
Q

firewall

A

partition between engine and the front of the fuselage to protect people in the aircraft

3
Q

truss fuselage

A

steel or aluminum tubing in triangles to create strength and rigidity

4
Q

monocoque fuselage

A

uses bulkheads, string runner, and formers the shape and support a stretched skin

5
Q

airfoil

A

part of an aircraft that controls lift, direction, thrust, or propulsion (ex wing, propeller blade, or rudder)

6
Q

high-wing, mid-wing, low-wing

A

terms talking about where on the fuselage the wings are attached

7
Q

monoplanes

A

planes with one set of wings

8
Q

biplanes

A

planes with two sets of wings

9
Q

cantilever wing

A

wings with no external bracing, get support from internal supports and construction of the wing

10
Q

semi-cantilever wing

A

wing with both internal and external bracing

11
Q

ailerons

A

extend from the middle of the wing to the wing tip, move in opposite directions to roll the aircraft

12
Q

flaps

A

extend from where the wing meet (wing root) the fuselage to the middle of the wing; typically flush with the wing during cruising; extend to create lift for takeoff and landing

13
Q

camber

A

the curvature of a surface

14
Q

Bernoulli’s Principle

A

Because the top of a wing has more camber than the bottom surface, air flows faster over the top creating lower pressure above the wing causing lift (accurate at lower speeds)

15
Q

What airfoil cambers will low to medium speed aircrafts have?

A

more thickness and camber

16
Q

chord line

A

the line from the middle of the leading edge to the trailing edge

17
Q

mean camber line

A

line the divides the airfoil directly in half, usually curved

18
Q

How to measure camber

A

maximum distance between the chord line and mean camber line

19
Q

thickness (airfoil)

A

maximum distance between the upper and lower surface of the airfoil

20
Q

planform

A

shape of the wing when viewed from above

21
Q

dihedral angle

A

the angle between the wings of and aircraft and the horizon line, for stability

22
Q

anhedral

A

when the wingtips are lower than the roots, found on some fighters, give the aircraft a higher roll rate

23
Q

straight wings

A

(look like a rectangle or oval or tapered);

found on small, low speed aircraft, most efficient at low speeds

24
Q

swept wing

A

(look like paper airplane) most common wing design, creates less drag but also less stable at lower speeds

sharply swept: delays the formation of shockwaves for airplanes travelling the speed of sound, require high speed take off and landings

25
Q

delta wing

A

(looks like a triangle) high angle of sweep, straight trailing edge, for supersonic and high speeds,

26
Q

conventional landing gear

A

landing gear that uses a tailwheel also known as tailwheel airplanes

27
Q

tricycle landing gear

A

landing gear using a nosewheel

28
Q

how to propeller driven planes get their thrust?

A

the corkscrew action of the propellers; as the blades rotate they push air back causing the airplane to get “pushed’ forward

29
Q

pitch (propellers)

A

the amount of slant on the propeller

30
Q

fixed pitch propeller vs variable pitch propeller

A

fixed pitch mean the angle of the prop can’t be changed by the pilot; variable pitch propeller (constant speed prop) more efficient because it can be adjusted

31
Q

single-engine propeller driven

A

typically have the engine on the front of the fuselage; streamline airflow around the engine and cool the engine by ducting air

32
Q

where are the engines located on multi-engine planes

A

engines mounted under the wings

33
Q

jet engines

A

force incoming air into a tube where it is compressed, mixed with fuel, burned, and pushed out at high speed so generate thrust

34
Q

afterburner

A

can be fitted to turbojets and turbofans, additional fuel is added between the turbine and rear exhaust and ignited for additional thrust; only used for short periods because uses a lot of fuel

35
Q

empennage

A

tail section of the aircraft

36
Q

fixed surfaces on the empennage

A

vertical and horizontal stabilizers

37
Q

movable surfaces on the empennage

A

elevators, rudder, and trim tabs

38
Q

elevators (empennage)

A

attached to the back edge of the horizontal stabilizers; move the nose of the airplane up or down during flight

39
Q

rudder

A

attached to the back of the vertical stabilizer; moves the airplanes nose left and right during flight; use with ailerons for turns

40
Q

trim tabs

A

small movable pieces on the trailing edge of the rudder, ailerons, and elevators; controlled by the pilot, reduce control pressures and pilot workload