Atresia
1st and 2nd wave dominant follicles
Recruitment
High FSH+ low LH pulse frequency+ low inhibin+ low E2
Selected/ Dominant follicles
LH Dependent
Ovulation
Edema+ lysosomal ezymes+ collegenase
Granulosa Cells precursors
large luteal cells
Theca interna cells precursors
small luteal cells
luteal phase lasts
ovulation to luteolysis
large luteal cells
hypertrophy and produce OT+ RLN
small luteal cells
Hyperplasia and produce P4`
counter current exchange system
passive transfer to PGF2a to ovary
PGF2a secreted by
endometrium
increased flow of calcium into the cell
apoptosis
GnRH analogue
Treatment of COD
Theca interna cells have
LH receptors
Granulosa cells have
FSH receptors
FSH receptors causes
aromatase activation to convert T4 to E2
Inhibin causes
inhibition of FSH
Dictates gonadotropins
progesterone
peak progesterone
diestrus
peak estrgoen
estrus
luteolysis
proestrus
recruited emergent follicles are
FSH dependent
selected and dominant follicles are
LH dependent
atresia in most follicles is caused by
Low LH receptors
menopause definition
lack of cyclicity
males post puberty
low amplitude and high frequency of GnRH every few hours
females before puberty
low amplitude and low frequency pulses of GnRH
surge center
E2 dependent
pre-puberty gonads
responsive to exogeonous FSH and LH
50% of menstrual phase in women
follicular phase
Diestus
max CL size
80% of estrous cycle
luteal phase
Shortest stage
Estrus
Increasing P4
metestrus
Estrous cycle
Mentrual cycle
anestrus
amenorrhea
mammals
primates
mammals
primates
estrus
Estrous
Polyestrus
monestrus
noun
adjective
many cycles per year
one cycle per year
Diestrus
Proestrus
Estrus
metestrus
low E2, Low LH, high P4
rising E2, rising LH, low P4
High E2, High LH, Low P4
Low E2, low LH, rising P4
follicular phase
luteal phase
unique stage to a non-mated queen
sexual receptivity and ovulation
proestrus+ estrus
metestrus+ diestrus
postestrus
estrus
Tonic center
surge center
Anterior pituitary
neural reflex
influenced by proesterone and releases small, infrequent spikes of GnRH
under the influence of high levels of estrogen, high amplitude GnRH release
secondary portal plexus
induced ovulation
Proestrus+ estrus
luteal phase
post ovulation
peak progesterone
follicular phase
metestrus and diestrus
metestrus
diestrus
kick start of proestrus 1st follicular wave FSH selected and dominant follicles are recruited emergent follicles are
luteolysis under goes atresia stimulates follicular recruitment LH dependent FSH dependent
Uterine vein
ovarian artery
PGF2a
Primates
high concentration of PGF2a
Very low concentration of PGF2a
very short half life
ovarian source of PGF2a
Leydig cells
Sertoli cells
LH dependent
FSH dependent
T4 production
inhibin
leydig cells
sertoli cells
spermatogonia population proliferation phase primary spermatocytes end of product of meiosis 2/ meiotic phase Differentiation phase
proliferation phase stem cell renewal longest life span of all germ cells spermatids differentiated spermatozoon
Gogli phase
cap phase
germ cell generation
cycle of the seminiferous epithelium
acrosomic vesicle growth and axoneme formation
acrosome forms cap overthe nucleus and primitive flagellum protudes
cells of same types located at one site within the seminiferous epithelium
progession through a complete series of cellular stages at on loaction along a