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Flashcards in Part 12 Deck (43)
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1
Q

cause of enchrondroma

A

cartilaginous growth in medullary cavity of bones preformed in cartilage

2
Q

location of enchrondroma

A

small bones of wrist and hand (PHALANGES, metacarpals)
long bones
central and meta/diaphyseal

3
Q

age/gender of enchondroma

A

10-30

male or female

4
Q

findings of enchondroma

A

round/oval lucency with fine marginal line
endosteal scalloping
stippled/punctate calcifications
possible cortical thinning and expansion

5
Q

clinical of enchondroma

A

asymptomatic MC

6
Q

enchondromatosis is also called?

A

ollier’s disease

7
Q

cause of enchondromatosis

A

non-hereditary failure of cartilage ossification

8
Q

location of enchondromatosis

A

hands and feet

9
Q

age of enchrondromatosis

A

early childhood

10
Q

findings of enchondromatosis

A

multiple enchondromas

11
Q

clinical of enchrondromatosis

A

hand/feet deformity

12
Q

maffucci syndrome

A

multiple soft tissue hemangiomas

associated with enchondromatosis

13
Q

cause of hemangioma

A

solitary vascular neoplasm

slow growing and composed of newly formed capillary, cavernous or venous blood vessel

14
Q

location of hemangioma

A
vertebral body (T or L)
calvarium with predilection for frontal bone
15
Q

age and gender of hemangiomas

A

40-50

female

16
Q

findings of hemangiomas

A

<4cm round lesion
sunburst/spoked wheel appearance
may occur in diploic space, producing a palpable lump secondary to widen the space

17
Q

clinical of hemangiomas

A

asymptomatic

symptomatic (spinal lesions causing stenosis)

18
Q

labs of hemangioma

A

MRI if symptomatic

19
Q

treatment/prognosis of hemangioma

A

no treatment MC
symptomatic (decompession surgery)
skull lesion treated with enbloc excision

20
Q

cause of chondroblastoma

A

rare benign bone tumor

21
Q

location of chondroblastoma

A

apophysis or epiphysis in a subarticular location

lower extremity

22
Q

age/gender of chondroblastoma

A

5-25

male

23
Q

findings of chondroblastoma

A

round/oval eccentric lytic lesion/epiphysis or apophyaia 1-6 cm in diameter
lobulated (50%)
punctate calcificaitons (25-50)
periostitis

24
Q

clinical of chondroblastoma

A

often asymptomatic for months to years without treatment

mild joint pain, tenderness, joint swelling, limited ROM

25
Q

treatment/prognosis of chondroblastoma

A

surgical curretage and packing with bone chips
local recurrence rate of ~20%
resection in expendable area

26
Q

cause of fibrous cortical defect (fibrous xanthoma)

A

cortex is defective

27
Q

location of FCD (fibrous xanthoma)

A

metaphysis of long bones of lower extremity

28
Q

age of FCD (fibrous xanthoma)

A

2-8

29
Q

findings of FCD (fibrous xanthoma)

A

round lytic lesion 1-2 cm in diameter with well defined sclerotic margin
eccentric and metaphyseal
oval and extending parallel to long axis which could produce cortical thining and expansion
lytic or bubbly in appearance
may be multilocular

30
Q

clinical of FCD (fibrous xanthoma)

A

asymptomatic

31
Q

treatment/prognosis of FCD (fibrous xanthoma)

A

no treatment necessary as tissue lesions tend to spontaneously regress over 2-5 year period

32
Q

location of non-ossifying fibroma (fibrous xanthoma)

A

long bones of LE

33
Q

age of NOF (fibrous xanthoma)

A

8-20

34
Q

findings of NOF (fibrous xanthoma)

A

eccentric and metaphyseal
multilocular avoid lesion along long axis
dense sclerotic border
endosteal scalloping and thinning and bulging
migrates toward diaphysis

35
Q

clinical of NOF (fibrous xanthoma)

A

asymptomatic

36
Q

treatment/prognosis of NOF (fibrous xanthoma)

A

no treatment necessary as these lesions tend to spontaneously regress
>8cm may need curettage and bone backing to prohibit fracture

37
Q

cause of fibrous dysplasia

A

fibro-osseous developmental anomaly/mesenchymal precursor of bone, manifested as a defect in osteoblastic differentiation and maturation

38
Q

location of fibrous dysplasia

A

monostoic (ribs, proximal femur, craniofacial bones)

polystoic (femur, tibia, pelvis, feet, ribs, skull and facial, upper extremity and spine)

39
Q

age/female of fibrous dysplasia

A

10-20

male, female

40
Q

findings fo fibrous dysplasia

A

most medullary cavity lesions are lucent, loculated or tabeculated with rim sign
may cause thickening of cortex and widening of shaft
ground glass appearance

41
Q

findings for skull with fibrous dysplasia

A

often areas of increased density along convexity and anterior fossa
unilateral overgrowth of facial bones
expansion in skull bones and ribs

42
Q

clinical of fibrous dysplasia

A
many asymptomatic
pain secondary to deformity of fracture
leg length discrepancy
shepard's crook
sabre shin
CN compromise
protrusio acetabuli
proptosis (bulging eyes)
pseudo arthrosis of tibia in infancy
malignant transformation
pathologic fracture
43
Q

McCune-Albright syndrome

A

polyostoic fibrous dysplasia
cafe au lait spots
endocrine dysfunction
precocious puberty in females