P2.2.3 - Energy and Temperature Flashcards
What is thermal energy?
The energy generated by movement of particles
What happens to the particle sin a liquid when the liquid is heated?
The particles roll around each other faster (and we say that the liquid has expanded)
Describe the movement of particles in a gas.
They are not bonded together at all and FLY freely around.
What are the units of temperature?
Degrees Celsius (ºC)
What happens to the particles in a solid when the solid is heated?
The particles vibrate faster (and we say the solid expands)
Why does a single spark from a sparkler have a high temperature but low thermal energy?
Because it is made from very few particles - less thermal energy is required to move them and increase the temperature.
Which contains more thermal energy? A cup of water at 70 ºC or a teapot of water and 70 ºC? Explain your answer.
The tea pot of water because there are more particles in it. It takes more energy to move the particles enough to reach 70 ºC.
What does the diagram represent?
A liquid
What does the diagram represent?
A gas
Describe the movement of particles in a solid.
They are bonded together tightly but VIBRATE on the spot.
When will thermal energy stop being transferred from one object to another?
When both objects are at equilibrium (the same temperature)
Describe the movement of particles in a liquid.
All particles are touching. They ROLL around one another.
What does the diagram represent?
A solid
What is used to measure temperature?
A thermometer
In which direction is thermal energy always transferred?
From the hotter object to the colder object/surroundings.
