P1 energy and electricity Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in P1 energy and electricity Deck (35)
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1
Q

How does a larger surface area affect the rate of evaporation

A

It increases it

2
Q

Evaporation causes this

A

Cooling

3
Q

In terms of particles evaporation happens when

A

The particles with the highest Kinetic energy escape from the fluid

4
Q

This colour is the most effective emitter or absorber of Infra red radiation

A

Black

5
Q

This colour is the least effective emitter or absorber of Infra red radiation

A

White or silver

6
Q

Burning fossil fuels produces these two polluting gases

A

Carbon dioxide and Sulphur dioxide

7
Q

Carbon Dioxide causes this effect

A

Greenhouse effect

8
Q

Sulphur dioxide causes this

A

Acid rain

9
Q

The unit we most commonly use to measure energy

A

The Joule

10
Q

The unit we most commonly use to measure power

A

The Watt

11
Q

The form of energy that is most commonly wasted

A

Heat

12
Q

Define Geothermal energy

A

Energy obtained from hot rocks inside the Earth

13
Q

When substances change state ie from solid to liquid, the particles lose or gain this type of energy

A

Kinetic energy

14
Q

Define Hydroelectric energy

A

Energy obtained by allowing water to flow downhill and turn turbines

15
Q

Define U value

A

A value used to indicate how effective a material is at insulating

16
Q

High U value means

A

The material is a bad insulator

17
Q

Low U value means

A

The material is a good insulator

18
Q

Define Conduction

A

The transfer of heat energy by the passing of vibrations from one particle to the next

19
Q

Define Conduction in metals

A

The transfer of heat energy by the movement of free electrons and vibration of IONS

20
Q

Define Convection

A

The transfer of heat energy by the movement of a liquid or gas due to it having a low density

21
Q

Factors that affect the rate at which heat is lost

A

Surface Area, Colour, Material, Temperature Difference

22
Q

Reliable Energy resource

A

Can make electrcity whenever it is needed eg coal

23
Q

Unreliable energy resource

A

Can only make electricity at certain times eg tidal

24
Q

Define Condensation

A

A vapour turning back to a liquid due to particles losing K.E and coming closer together

25
Q

Advantages of Nuclear Fuel

A

Doesn’t produce Carbon dioxide or Sulpur dioxide

26
Q

Disadvantages of Nuclear fuel

A

High cost of decommisioning reactor

27
Q

Define decomissioning of a nuclear reactor

A

the act of removing radioative waste prior to closing a nuclear plant

28
Q

Define Payback time

A

The amount of time taken to recover the initial cost of an appliance due to the amount of money saved each year

29
Q

Transformers

A

Devidces which can alter the voltage and current of electricity

30
Q

Step up Transformer

A

A device that increases voltage and lowers current. This reduce energy loss when transmitting electricity

31
Q

Step down Transformer

A

A device that decreases voltage and increases current. This make electricity more suitable for home use as less chance of sparking

32
Q

Advantages of overhead power lines

A

Easy to repair, less expensive

33
Q

Disadvantages of overhead power lines

A

Spoil view, danger to aircraft

34
Q

Advantages of underground power lines

A

Don’t spoil view no danger to aircraft

35
Q

Disadvantages of underground power lines

A

Not easy to repair, more expensive