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1. Dermatology > Other Conditions > Flashcards

Flashcards in Other Conditions Deck (24)
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1
Q

What is linchen planus?

A

damage to the basal layer with formation of cytoid bodies

with upper dermal infiltrate of lymphocytes and irreguar sawtooth acanthosis

2
Q

What is the presentation of lichen planus?

A

violaceous plaques with a flat itchy top

can occur as white bits on mucous membranes (Wickhams striae)

3
Q

What is the treatment for linchen planus?

A

steroids

4
Q

What does HPV type 1-4 cause?

A

warts and verrucas

5
Q

What does HPV type 6 and 11 cause?

A

genital warts

6
Q

What does HPV type 16 and 18 cause?

A

cervical cancer

7
Q

What is syphilis and how is it treated?

A

STI of bacterium treponema palladium, presents as a red rash and ulcers on mucus membranes
Treate with penicillin injections

8
Q

What virus is chickenpox and shingles due to?

A

Varicella Zoster Virus
Chicken pox - varicella
Shingles - herpes zoster or zoster

9
Q

What happens to the chicken pox varicella virus?

A

becomes dormant in the dorsal root ganglia then reactivates if immunocomprimised as shingles

10
Q

What does herpes simplex virus type 1 cause?

A

oral cold sores, encephalitis and genital warts

11
Q

What does herpes simplex virus type 2 cause?

A

genital warts and encephalitis

12
Q

What are the test and treatment for herpes simplex virus?

A

test: swab and PCR the DNA
treatment: Aciclovir

13
Q

When does Neonatal VZV occur?

A

if mother contracts chickenpox late in pregnancy

can lead to high mortality

14
Q

What is Zoster associated pain?

A

shingles rash has gone, but pain is still present

15
Q

What is ramsay hunt syndrome?

A

vesicles and pain in auditory canal and throat, irritation of the 8th cranial nerve causing deafness, veritgo, tinnitus and facial palsy

16
Q

What is necrosing fascitis?

A

severe pain, bacteria spreading along the fascial planes below the skin surface which causes tissue destruction

17
Q

What causes type 1 necrosing fascitis?

A

mixed anaerobes

18
Q

What causes type 2 necrosing fascitis

A

group A strep

19
Q

What is the treatment for necrosing fascitis?

A

immediate surgical treatment and antibiotics

20
Q

What would you treat a fungal infection with?

A

Small areas - clotrimazole

Scalp - terbinafine or itraconazole

21
Q

What would you treat scabies with? What is the incubation period?

A

Malathion lotion or benzyl benzoate

6 weeks

22
Q

What is toxic shock syndrome?

A

over stimulation of the immune system that leads to massive cytokine release and an innapropriate immune response

23
Q

How is toxic shock syndrome diagnosed?

A

fever of 39
diffuse macular rash
hypotension
presents with: diarrhoea, high fever, sore throat, muscle pain

24
Q

What causes toxic shock syndrome?

A

antigen is not processed by PMN and binds directly to MCH-2

can also be produced by staph aureus and strep pyrogens