Osteoarthritis Flashcards Preview

Conditions: Rheumatology > Osteoarthritis > Flashcards

Flashcards in Osteoarthritis Deck (20)
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1
Q

What is the primary cause of OA?

A

Idiopathic

2
Q

What are the MSK causes of OA?

A

Trauma
Chondrocalcinosis
Congenital hip dysplasia
Avascular necrosis

3
Q

What are the haematological causes of OA?

A

Haemophilia
Haemochromatosis
Sickle cell anaemia

4
Q

What are the metabolic causes of OA?

A

Acromegaly

5
Q

What is the most common type of osteoarthritis?

A

Monoarthritis

6
Q

Describe the pathology of osteoarthritis

A

Break down of articular cartilage and sub chondral remodelling of bones

Decrease in cartilaginous matrix synthesis and increase in degradation

7
Q

What role do metalloproteinases play in OA?

A

They catalyse collagen and proteoglycan degradation

8
Q

What cytokine modulates the activity of metalloproteinases?

A

IL-1

9
Q

What produces metalloproteinases?

A

Chondrocytes

10
Q

What are the symptoms of OA?

A

Unilateral joint pain related to activity

Stiffness related to activity

11
Q

What are the most common joints affected in OA?

A

Large weight bearing ones

Hands (not MCP)

12
Q

What can be seen on an arthritic joint?

A

Boucharts nodes - proximal pharyngeal joint
Heberdens nodes - distal pharyngeal joint

Swelling and effusion

Osteophytes

Fixed flexion deformity

13
Q

What investigations should be done?

A

Bloods
- Rule out RA

X ray

14
Q

What is shown on X ray of OA joint?

A

Loss of joint space
Osteophytes
Sub chondral cyst
Sub chondral sclerosis

15
Q

First line treatment?

A

Lifestyle modification
- Weight loss

Physiotherapy

16
Q

Pharma treatment?

A

NSAIDs
Capsaicin

Analgesia

I.A Steroid

17
Q

What should be done in post menopausal women?

A

Dexa scan

18
Q

What number on dexa scan indicates need for treatment?

A

<2.5

19
Q

What treatment should be given to a post menopausal woman with a dexa scan of <2.5

A

Bisphosphonates w/ calcichew

+

Vit D supplements

20
Q

What surgical management exists for OA?

A

Osteomy

Arthrodesis

Arthroplasty