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Flashcards in Organisation and administrative structures Deck (5)
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1
Q

Tsars until 1905

  • Government was ____ and ____
  • Realistically, Tsar has ____ control over ____ part of the system to enforce rule
    • ____
    • ____ of ____
    • ____ of ____
    • ____ ____ of ____
    • ____ (a ____ carries out the ____ of the Tsar on behalf of ____)
A

Tsars until 1905

  • Government was inefficient and cumbersome
  • Realistically, Tsar has complete control over each part of the system to enforce rule
    • Tsar
    • Council of Ministers
    • Committee of Ministers
    • Imperial Council of State
    • Society (a Senate carries out the Ukaz of the Tsar on behalf of society)
2
Q

Tsars post-1905 Revolution and appeasement of October Manifesto

  • Created to ____ but system doesn’t really ____
  • Tsar has to ____ the Duma ____
  • Tsarist system loses ____, but is still very ____
    • ____
    • ____ of ____ (now more ____ with ____ ____)
    • ____ ____ and ____ (can be ____ or ____ by the Tsar)
  • ____ (Vote for the ____)
A

Tsars post-1905 Revolution and appeasement of October Manifesto

  • Created to appease but system doesn’t really work
  • Tsar has to dissolve the Duma twice
  • Tsarist system loses power, but is still very hierarchical
    • Tsar
    • Council of Ministers (now more constitutional with Prime Minister)
    • State Council and Duma (can be dissolved or ignored by the Tsar)
  • Electorate (Vote for the Duma)
3
Q

Under Lenin

  • A ____ ____ - leads to ____ masses and ____
    • ____-____ ____ of ____ (oversee the ____)
    • ____ (cabinet)
    • ____ ____
    • ____ (elect ____ ____)
  • Real power within the ____ system
  • Called it ____ ____
  • Orders go down the ____
    • ____
    • ____ ____ (sends members to rule over the ____ of ____)
    • ____ ____
    • Ordinary ____ ____
A

Under Lenin

  • A sham democracy - leads to disengaged masses and confusion
    • All-Russian Congress of Soviets (oversee the Sovnarkom)
    • Sovnarkom (cabinet)
    • Local soviets
    • Electorate (elect local soviets)
  • Real power within the party system
  • Called it democratic centralism
  • Orders go down the hierarchy
    • Politburo
    • Central Committee (sends members to rule over the Congress of Soviets)
    • Local committees
    • Ordinary party members
4
Q

Stalin’s 1936 Constitution

  • Party system ____ the ____
  • The sham democracy becomes:
    • ____ (more ____ than Politburo, filled with Stalin’s ____ leading ____)
    • ____ ____ (made up of the Soviets below)
      • Soviet of the ____
      • Soviet of the ____ (first example of ____)
    • ____ (vote for the Soviet of the ____)
A

Stalin’s 1936 Constitution

  • Party system remains the same
  • The sham democracy becomes:
    • Praesidium (more elite than Politburo, filled with Stalin’s personal leading kadras)
    • Supreme Soviet (made up of the Soviets below)
      • Soviet of the Union
      • Soviet of the Nationalities (first example of regionalism)
    • Electorate (vote for the Soviet of the Union)
5
Q

Khrushchev

  • Removes ____ but other than that keeps ____ ____
  • Re-establishes ____ power
  • A more ____ system
  • Used ____ ____ to oust enemies
A

Khrushchev

  • Removes Praesidium but other than that keeps 1936 Constitution
  • Re-establishes Politburo power
  • A more collegiate system
  • Used Central Committee to oust enemies