Organelles Flashcards
What is the composition and function of the nucleus?
Contains DNA of the cell.
Responsible for genetic control of the cell.
Where is the nucleolus and what is its function?
Found in the nucleus.
Responsible for the assembly of ribosomes.
What is the function of the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) ?
Assembles proteins.
What is the function of the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)
Used for storage.
What does the Golgi Apparatus do?
Takes chemical products from the RER and transports them into their sacs (vesicles).
Proteins and lipids are checked over and any ones that are not supposed to be there are sent back to the RER.
Correct items are organized and stored. Sometimes they are converted into other products.
What is the role of the cell membrane?
Contains the different parts of cell and also has small pores to allow molecules to move in and out of the cell.
What do lysosomes do?
Digests things such as food. When the cell dies it breaks it down.
What do mitochondria do?
They generate the chemical energy cells need: adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
What do chloroplasts do?
Responsible for photosynthesis.
What are eukaryotic plant cell walls made up of and what do they do?
Made of cellulose and protect the frame/shape of the cell (keep it turgid).
What does the cytoplasm do?
It uses dissolved enzymes to break down larger molecules for use by other organelles of the cell.
If it has glucose, the enzymes in the cytosol break it down into pyruvate molecules that can then be sent to the mitochondria.
What cells have a cytoplasm?
Prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic plant and animal cells.
What cells have a cell wall?
Both eukaryotic plant cells and prokaryotic cells, but have a different composition.
What cells have a chloroplast?
Eukaryotic plant cells.
What cells have mitochondria?
Eukaryotic cells: plant and animal cells.
