Obedience: Milgram's Variations Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Obedience: Milgram's Variations Deck (17)
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1
Q

How does the aim differ from the original in the ‘ordinary man gives orders’ variation?

A

To investigate the impact on obedience when the authority of the experimenter was removed by presenting him as an ordinary person (with no lab coat).

2
Q

What was the sample of the ordinary man variation?

A

20 ppts

3
Q

Briefly describe the procedure of the ordinary man variation.

A
  • There is a teacher and learner (the first confederate) as in the original but the experimenter does not tell the teacher to increase the voltage
  • A rigged phone call then calls the experimenter away and he acts eager to leave but tells the others to continue
  • The confederate timing things then announces he has a good idea, to increase the level of shocks by 15V for every wrong answer
4
Q

What were the results of the ordinary man and experiment 13a variation?

A
  • 16/20 left the experiment (80%)

- The 16 in the new situation would protest against the confederates actions, 5 used physical means

5
Q

Describe the procedure of ‘experiment 13a’.

A
  • The 16 who left were then put into a new situation
  • The confederate who timed would appear to be disgusted if they left and he would personally take over the shocks to see how ppts reacted
6
Q

What can we conclude from the ordinary man variation?

A

When the authority figure is taken away, people are more likely to disobey (especially if the person isn’t legitimate in power).

7
Q

How does the aim differ from the original in the ‘telephonic instructions’ variation?

A

To investigate level of obedience when the experimenter isn’t present due to giving instructions over a phone.

8
Q

What was the sample of the telephonic instructions variation?

A

40 males

9
Q

Briefly describe the procedure of the telephonic instructions variation.

A
  • After giving the initial instructions of the original experiment, they left and gave the rest of the instructions over the phone
  • Only reappeared when the ppts disobeyed
10
Q

What were the results of the telephonic instructions variation?

A
  • 22.5% continued to 450V

- Some ppts lied about giving higher shocks as assumed no one would know

11
Q

What can we conclude from the telephonic instructions variation?

A

Lower obedience levels due to lack of experimenter and so stress/pressure from being watched.

12
Q

How does the aim differ from the original in the ‘run down office block’ variation?

A

To investigate level of obedience in relation to the setting that the orders from authority are being given.

13
Q

What was the sample of the office block variation?

A

40 males

14
Q

Briefly describe the procedure of the office block variation.

A

The procedure that was carried out in the original study was replicated exactly.

15
Q

What were the results of the office block variation?

A
  • 47.5% continued to 450V

- 2 ppts refused to give the lowest shock and were sceptical of the experimenter’s motive

16
Q

What can we conclude from the office block variation?

A
  • The environment that an individual is in affects their level of obedience
  • More prestigious settings are considered ‘safer’ to the ppts and so they are more likely to obey
17
Q

Why did Milgram carry out the other variations of his experiment?

A

Milgram wanted to test whether situational factors are more important than dispositional in regards to the level of obedience.