Nutrition 47

Question 1

Nutrients

Answer 1

Organic and inorganic substances in foods required by body

Question 2

Nutritive value

Answer 2

Nutrient value of specific food

Question 3

Energy providing nutrients are

Answer 3

Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins

Question 4

Macronutrients

Answer 4

Carbohydrates
Fats
Protein
Minerals
Vitamins 
Water

Question 5

Micronutrients

Answer 5

Vitamins and minerals required in small amounts

Question 6

Nutrition

Answer 6

Sum of all interactions between an organism and the food it consumes

Question 7

Types of carbs

Answer 7

Sugars
Starches
Fiber

Question 8

Carbohydrates

Answer 8

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen

Question 9

Sugars

Answer 9

Plants and animals
Monosaccharides
Disaccharides

Question 10

Monosaccharides

Answer 10

Single molecules
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose

Question 11

Starches

Answer 11

Insoluble, non sweet

Polysaccharide

Question 12

Polysaccharide

Answer 12

Many glucose molecules

Plants, cereal, potatoes

Question 13

Fiber

Answer 13

Complex carb

Plants

Question 14

Proteins

Answer 14

Amino acids 
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen

Question 15

Essential amino acids

Answer 15

Nine
Body cannot produce
Tenth- arginine for immune

Question 16

Nonessential amino acids

Answer 16

Body can produce

Question 17

Complete protein

Answer 17

Contain all essential amino acids
Animal meats
Egg
Dairy

Question 18

Incomplete proteins

Answer 18

Lack one or more essential

Vegetables

Question 19

Vitamin

Answer 19

Organic compound body cannot make

Needed for metabolism

Question 20

Water soluble vitamins

Answer 20

C, complex B, pantothenic acid, biotin

Body cannot store these

Question 21

Fat soluble vitamins

Answer 21

A, D, E,K

Body can store these

Question 22

Minerals

Answer 22

Organic/ inorganic

Calcium, phosphorus

Question 23

Macro minerals

Answer 23

Needed daily 100 mg

Calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, magnesium, chloride, sulfur

Question 24

Micro minerals

Answer 24

Less than 100 mg daily

Iron, zinc, iodine, manganese, fluoride, copper, cobalt, chromium, selenium

Question 25

Metabolism

Answer 25

Refers to all biochemical and physiological processed by which the body grows and maintains itself

Question 26

Basal metabolic rate

BMR

Answer 26

The rate at which the body metabolizes food to maintain energy at rest and awake

Question 27

Resting energy expenditure

REE

Answer 27

Amount of energy required to maintain basic body functions. Required for life

Question 28

Ideal body weight

IBW

Answer 28

Optimal weight recommended for optimal health

Question 29

Body mass index

BMI

Answer 29

Indicator of changes in body fat stores and whether a person’s weight is appropriate for height. Useful for malnutrition

Question 30

Dysphagia

Answer 30

Difficulty swallowing

Question 31

Anemia

Answer 31

Decrease in RBC

Question 32

Bottle mouth syndrome

Answer 32

Bottle left in the bed

Question 33

Malnutrition

Answer 33

Both undernutrition and over nutrition

Question 34

Overweight

Answer 34

BMI is 25 and 29.9

Question 35

Obese

Answer 35

BMI is more than 30

Question 36

Protein-calorie malnutrition.

Answer 36

Starving children in underdeveloped countries, cancer, chronic disease

Question 37

Serum proteins

Answer 37

Estimate visceral protein stores

Hemoglobin, albumin, transferrin, iron binding capacity

Question 38

Urea tests

Answer 38

Reflect intake and breakdown of protein

Liver and kidney function

Question 39

Urine tests

Answer 39

Protein catabolism and nitrogen balance

Question 40

Enteral

Answer 40

Through the GI system

Question 41

Parenteral nutrition

Answer 41

IV infusion of dextrose, water, fat, proteins, electrolyte, vitamins, trace elements