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Flashcards in nucleic acids Deck (17)
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1
Q

all polymerases synth nucleic acids in __ to ___ direction

A

5’ –> 3’

2
Q

melting point (Tm) is temp at which ___ of DNA has become single stranded

A

1/2

3
Q

phosphorylated nucleosides, at the 5’ carbon unless otherwise specified

A

nucleotides

4
Q

nucleoside nomenclature ends with:

A

“osine” or “idine”

5
Q

nucleotide nomenclature ends with:

A

“ylate”

6
Q

Chargaff’s Rule

A

A+G=T+C

7
Q

Restriction enzymes that cleave DNA at the unmethylated recognition sequence (recognize palindromic sequences)

A

Type 2

8
Q

Highly variable regions in individual DNA sequences give restriction fragments that are unique, called:

A

RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms)

9
Q

highly conserved, basic proteins functioning in DNA packaging–>bind to neg-charged sugar phosphate backbone of DNA

A

histones

10
Q

DNA-histone complexes

A

nucleosomes

11
Q

this type of RNA codes for proteins and contains codons

A

mRNA

12
Q

this type of RNA carries activated aa to ribosomes for protein synth. They are in a clover leaf form

A

tRNA

13
Q

this type of RNA makes up most of the RNA in cells and is integral in ribosomes

A

rRNA

14
Q

this type of short oligonucleotide RNA functions in transcriptional/post-transciptional regulation of gene expression

A

miRNA

15
Q

nonchromosomal DNA in prokaryotes, often encoding info for resistance to antibiotics; involved with insulin!

A

plasmids

16
Q

nonfunctional regions that often appear as repetitive sequences (telomeres and centromeres); seem to have regulatory functions

A

junk DNA

17
Q

set number of times that a cell can divide (40-60)

A

Hayflick’s number