Notes #1 (pgs 3-10) Flashcards

1
Q

Yeast

A

saccharomyces cerevisiae

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2
Q

General Characteristics:

A

fungi: ascomycetes (spores formed in a membrane spore sac)

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3
Q

Nutritionally simple:

A

No PSN

Requires a reduced carbon source and nitrogen, plus Biotin (Vitamin B) and water (agar plate)

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4
Q

REproduction: 1. Budding

A

(asexual reproduction) replication of parent chromosomes during bud formation

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5
Q

Reproduction: 2. Products of meiois=

A

ascospores. produced from stressed 2n cells which then sporulate to produce 1n ascospores (in ascus) (vegetative shell)

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6
Q

1n ascospores ____ or ____ when returned to a nutrient-rich environment

A

propagate; grow

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7
Q

1n mating types (after ascospores germinate)

A
  1. a

2. α

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8
Q

Result of conjugation

A

2n zygote > mitosis > 2n cells that form colonies

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9
Q

Practical uses of yeast:

A

alcohol products (drink and burn)
baking (bread, etc.)
Biomass conservation
Alternatives to fossil fuels
High protein and vitamin B (low meal diets)
Conversion of hydrocarbons to protein (oil spill clean up)

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10
Q

Lag Period (mitosis)

A

period following inoculation

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11
Q

After Lag (mitosis)

A

exponential growth until limiting factors persist

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12
Q

Anaerobic Respiration

A

coverts sugars & carbons to ethanol & CO2

ATP: 2 by breaking sugars in half (glycolysis)

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13
Q

Aerobic Respiration

A

converts sugars & carbons to CO2 & H20
ATP: 36
34 from aerobic processes (Kreb’s Cycle & Electron Transport Chain) 2 from glycolysis

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14
Q

Colony life span

A

several hours at room temp > several months in the fridge

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15
Q

Autolysis

A

self- digestion

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16
Q

Yeast sexual life cycle (mitosis to meiosis)

A
mating type (1n)
opposite mating type (1n)
17
Q

1n+1n >2n > ________

A

sporulation

18
Q

Locus (loci)

A

one specific gene site that triggers the indication of a trait, including sporulation

19
Q

HA2

A

adenine deficient (red)

20
Q

HBT

A

tryptophan deficient (white)

21
Q

YED

A

Yeast extract and dextrose

22
Q

Transgenics

A

altered genome by the transfer of a gene or genes from another species or breed

23
Q

auxotroph

A

mutant strain that requires a new nutrient for growth

24
Q

prototroph

A

mutant strain that doesn’t require a new nutrient for growth