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NMS > NMS II- Headaches > Flashcards

NMS II- Headaches Flashcards

1
Q

sharp pain

A

neurological

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2
Q

throbbing

A

more vascular in nature

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3
Q

inside pressure pushing outward

A

can indicate a throbbing headache, which is classified as vascular and could possibly be life threatening

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4
Q

outside to inward pressure

A

can indicate a tension headache

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5
Q

which type of pain can cause a “hat band” type pain?

A

outside to inward pressure

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6
Q

describe a migraine

A

aura type headache

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7
Q

dull pain

A

characteristic of toothache

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8
Q

unilateral headache

A

characteristic of a migraine of vascular/life threatening

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9
Q

bilateral headache

A

characteristic of a tension headache

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10
Q

other locations of a headache

A

frontal
occipital
generalized
radiating pain

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11
Q

who should receive valsalva’s maneuver?

A

any patient that is experiencing headaches as their chief complaint

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12
Q

who should receive triad of dejerine

A

anyone experiencing a headache as their chief complaint

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13
Q

positive valsalva’s maneuver means..

A

a possible SOL (tumor, aneurysm, hematoma)

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14
Q

precipitating factors that can cause a headache?

A

coughing, sneezing

emotional strain

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15
Q

what brings down a migraine?

A

quiet, dark room

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16
Q

duration and frequency of headaches

A

hours, days, weeks or monthly intervals

rapid or gradual onset

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17
Q

migraine headaches have short or long durations?

A

long

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18
Q

tension headache duration

A

gradually get worse as the day progresses

time of day for onset as well as initial age of onset

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19
Q

tension headaches are associated with what other symptoms

A

nausea or vomiting

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20
Q

mechanisms that produce headaches

A

traction on veins
displacement of dural venous sinus
traction or distention of meningeal arteries or large arteries at base of the skull
inflammation by masses upon any sensitive structure within cranium or outer surface of cranium
spasms of cervical musculature

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21
Q

vascular recurrent headaches

A

migraine, cluster, exercise or diet related, post concussion or HTN

22
Q

muscular recurrent headaches

A

tension, inflammatory disorders of the cervical musculature

23
Q

non recurrent type headaches

A

meningitis/encephalitis

subarachnoid hemorrhage: acute head trauma

24
Q

life threatening headaches

A

meningitis
brain abscess
tumors
subdural hematomas

25
Q

specific characteristics of life threatening headaches

A

relatively short history of onset
acute, seere headache pain
positive valsalva’s and triad of dejerine
exacerbated by recumbency and is more severe upon wakening but can become more tolerable throughout the day

26
Q

why can life threatening headaches be worse in the morning and get better throughout the day?

A

recumbency increases the intracranial pressure from the distribution of the cerebral fluids

27
Q

most common headache

A

tension

28
Q

radiation of tension headaches

A

“hat band” or localize around occiput

29
Q

onset of tension headache

A

begins during the day and increases severity as day progresses

30
Q

past history of tension headaches

A

patient will usually have this headache before

patient may display anxiety or be chronically depressed

31
Q

differentiate tension vs life threatening headache

A

tension increases as day progresses
life threatening decreases as day progresses
—–
tension feels like outside-inward pressure
tension is accompanied by stress most of the time

32
Q

management of tension headaches

A 
adjustments
patient identify cause and try to reduce tension
rest with nick in normal cervical curve
moist heat
cryotherapy
drink plenty of water
eliminate caffeine
33
Q

categories of tension headaches

A

acute muscle contraction
subacute muscle contraction headache
chronic muscle contraction headache
migraines

34
Q

acute muscle contraction headaches

A

most common type of tension headaches
pain is short in duration
aching pain
pain may begin in neck and become generalized throughout cranium
pain may be relieve by stretching or gentle massage of involved muscular area

35
Q

subacute muscle contraction headaches (sick headache)

A

prolonged headaches for days
pain interferes with ADLs
pain is generalized throughout cranium
can have nausea or vomiting

36
Q

chronic muscle contraction headaches

A

related to physical or emotional trauma
pain is present when patient goes to bed and can wake patient from sleep, pain can be present upon wakening
pain is generalized in the head and may include shoulders
pain is described as dull ache and outward to inward direction

37
Q

types of migraine headaches

A

classical
atypical
cluster

38
Q

basic characteristics of migraine headaches

A 
retro-orbital or temporal in location
vascular throbbing/pounding pain
unilateral
possible warning signs (aura)
nausea and vomiting
onset usually begins in childhood
can be familial
39
Q

classic migraine

A 
frontal or temporal region unilaterally
characteristically throbbing or pounding
begins upon wakening
patient experiences aura
symptoms: visual disturbance nausea, vomiting
40
Q

exacerbations of classic migraine

A

alcohol, bright lights, positional stress

41
Q

relieving factors of classic migraine

A

rest, sleep, darkened room

42
Q

atypical migraine

A

bilateral, one side more severe
dull ache or stabbing pain in or behind eye area
can occur upon wake or later in the day
dull and relentless pain

43
Q

exacerbations of atypical migraines

A

bright lights, noise, tension

44
Q

relieving facors of atypical migrains

A

rest and darkened room

45
Q

cluster migraine

A

unilateral, sudden onset, orbital to remple, nose, upper jaw or neck
brief duration of pain (stabbing)
occurs in clusters, frequently during sleep and patient is wakened
middle aged (55 or older) males are more prevalent (6:1)
temporal pain unilaterally
knife like-stabbing, shooting
tenderness in scalp area

46
Q

signs and symptoms of cluster migraines

A 
redness of eye on affected eye
increase in lacrimation
rhinorrhea
stuffiness of nostril
swelling of temporal vessels on affected side
cachexia
generalized malaise/fatigue
muscle aches around affected area
47
Q

exacerbations of cluster headaches

A

combing hair, pain may shoot down into cervical spine area and touching area of pain exacerbates pain

48
Q

etiology of post concussion syndrome

A

head injury
local pain with tenderness at site of impaction
pain will last a few hours to several days and then patient may be symptom free

49
Q

signs and symptoms of post concussion syndrome

A

headache
vertigo
impairment of memory and concentration
possible skull fracture

50
Q

type I post concussion syndrome

A 
most common
dull, aching, pressure like sensation
described as weight on top of head
location is entire scalp
patient may be anxious
51
Q

type II post concussion syndrome

A

pain is local to injury site

tender zone at point of pain

NMS (16 decks)

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