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Honors Anatomy & Physiology > Nervous Tissue > Flashcards

Flashcards in Nervous Tissue Deck (24)
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1
Q

What are the 2 type of cells in nervous every tissue?

A

Neurons & neuroglia

2
Q

Neurons

Contain? Functions?

A

Excitable (respond to stimuli)
Transmit electrical signals
Contain organelles
-ER, mitochondria, nucleus in cell body

3
Q

Neuroglia

Location? Functions? Consists of?

A

Small cells SURROUND neurons
25x more in # than neurons
Support & other functions

4
Q

Neurons, what do they do? Length?

A

Convert stimuli into ACTION POTENTIALS
-electrical signal travels along neuron membrane
-travel @ .5 to 130 meters/seconds or up to 290 mph
1 mm to 1 m in length (longest in legs)

5
Q

What can’t neurons do?

A

Cannot under go mitosis

6
Q

Structure of neurons

A
Input region (dendrites) 
Integration region (cell body) 
Output region (axon)
7
Q

Myelination of axon

What’s myelin? What does it cover? What does it do?

A

Myelin
Most neurons covered by myelin (lipid & protein)
-insulates axon
-speeds up conduction of impulses

8
Q

How is myelin produced/made? Where are they Located? Function of them?

A

Produced by Schwann cells (PNS) & Oligodendrocytes (CNS)
Axons covered w/ Schwann cells
-protects myelin
-gaps btwn each Schwann cells- node of Ranvier

9
Q

Lost the Classification of neurons- function

A

Sensory (afferent) neurons
Motor (efferent) neurons
Interneurons

10
Q

Sensory (afferent) neurons

Polarity? Function? Location?

A

Connected to sense receptors or have receptors
Function: transmit impulses to CNS
-unipolar in SNS & ANS
-bipolar in special sense neurons

11
Q

Motor (efferent) neurons

Polarity? Function?

A
  • multipolar neurons

- function: carry info from CNS to effectors

12
Q

Interneurons

Polarity? Function? Description?

A

Short distance
Function: contact w/ nearby neurons
-multipolar

13
Q

Relate classification of neurons- functions to touching a hot pan

A

Sensory (afferent) neurons - sense something hot
Motor (efferent) neurons - movement of pulling back, ( or like writing out words )
Interneurons - in spinal cord, tells to pull back from the hot object

14
Q

Nervous tissue is made of how many types of cells?

A

2 types

15
Q

most common glial cells in the CNS are

A

astrocytes

16
Q

myelin sheaths that surround the axons of the neurons in the CNS are formed by the glial cell

A

oligodendrocyte

17
Q

a functional neuron w/ a cell body located in the CNS whose primary function is connecting other neurons is called a(n) ______ neuron

A

interneuron

18
Q

the structural classification of a neuron w/ 1 axon and 1 dendrite that extends from opposite sides of the cell body is called a ____ neuron

A

bipolar

19
Q

what type of structural neuron is the most common type of neuron in the CNS

A

multipolar

20
Q

the neuron process that normally receives incoming stimuli are called

A

dendrites

21
Q

which type of neuroglia cell is involved removing damaged nerve tissue and invading microbes

A

microglia

22
Q

what is the function of myelin

A

insulates the axon (main function) and helps conduct impulses faster

23
Q

which type of structural neuron is the most rare & found in the retina of the eye?

A

bipolar

24
Q

motor (efferent) neurons are usually what type of structural neuron?

A

multipolar