Navigation Flashcards Preview

PPL > Navigation > Flashcards

Flashcards in Navigation Deck (36)
Loading flashcards...
0
Q

What is 1 degree of latitude in nautical miles?

A

60nm

1
Q

What is 1 minute of latitude in nautical mile?

A

1 nautical mile

2
Q

What is 1 nautical mile in kilometres?

A

1.852km

3
Q

What is the fuel we expect to consume in flight?

A

Flight fuel

4
Q

What is fixed reserve?

A

Fixed number of gallons or litres to be added to flight fuel

5
Q

What is variable reserve?

A

Operators require flight fuel to be increase by Fixed percentage (usually 15%)

6
Q

What is ‘minimum fuel’?

A

Minimum fuel can be found by multiplying flight fuel by 1.15 and adding fixed reserve and taxi fuel

7
Q

What is the arc time relationship for: 360 degrees, 15 degrees, 1 degree, 15’, 1’?

A
360 degrees = 24 hours
15 degrees = 1hour
1 degrees = 4minutes
15minutes = 1minute
1minute = 4 seconds
8
Q

What is EST to UTC.?

A

-10
UTC to est is +10
Tas,vic,nsw,qld

9
Q

What is CST to UTC?

A

-9.5hrs
UTC to CST +9.5
Sa,nt

10
Q

What is WST to UTC?

A

-8hours
UTC to WST +8
Wa

11
Q

When is beginning of daylight?

A

When centre of sun reaches a position of 6degrees below the celestial horizon

12
Q

When is end of daylight?

A

When sun reaches 6 degrees below celestial horizon

13
Q

What is ‘track’?

A

Actual path of aircraft across ground or map

14
Q

What is a ‘heading?’

A

Direction aircraft points along particular track

15
Q

Headings and tracks are expressed in what? Magnetic or true?

A

Magnetic

16
Q

What is drift?

A

Angular difference between heading held and the track

17
Q

What factors affect drift?

A

Strength of wind
Wind direction
TAS of the aircraft

18
Q

How do you find QNH at aerodrome with known elevation?

A

Set elevation on altimeter and check subscale

19
Q

When should you use the QNH?

A

Within 100nm of station

20
Q

What do you use if there is no QNH within 100nm?

A

Area QNH

21
Q

Levels measured from local QNH are known as what?

A

Altitudes

22
Q

Levels measured from 1013 datum are known as what?

A

Flight levels

23
Q

What is the highest possible altitude and lowest flight level?

A

A100

FL110

24
Q

How do you calculate how long it will take you to travel a distance in nm?

A

(Distance(nm) divided by Ground speed) x 60 =minutes

25
Q

How do you calculate rate of climb?

A

Climb height divided by how long it will take = feet/min

26
Q

What is the agonic line?

A

Line with nil magnetic variation

27
Q

What is the isogonal lines?

A

Lines with magnetic variation

28
Q

What errors are on the ADF-NDB system?

A
Co channel interference
Coastal refraction
Thunderstorm effect
Mountain effect
Night effect
Quadrant error
29
Q

Which errors affect VOR?

A
Vertical polarisation
Terraign error
Aggregate error
Ground station error
Site error
30
Q

What frequency does NDB use?

A

Medium frequency

31
Q

An aircraft climbs from sea level at constant IAS in standard atmosphere, what happens to TAS and OAT as aircraft climbs?

A

TAS increases and OAT decreases

32
Q

Area QNH has limits of plus or minus what?

A

5hPa

33
Q

What is the formula for distance to descend?

A

Time to descent divided by 60 times by ground speed =nm

34
Q

What is track error?

A

(60 / distance travelled) x distance off track

35
Q

What is calculated angle?

A

(60 / distance to go) x distance off track