Musculoskeletal Conditions

Question 1

Osteoporosis

Answer 1

a disease characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue. this leads to increased bone fragility and risk of fracture (broken bones), particularly of the hip, spine, wrist and shoulder

Question 2

risk factors for osteoporosis

Answer 2

• female
• post menopausal
• low calcium/vitamin d intake
• sedentary
• maternal history
• high caffeine
• smoker
• certain medications

Question 3

how does exercise improve bone density?

Answer 3

our bodies respond to loads placed on it, impact is good

Question 4

recommendations for older adults with osteroporosis

Answer 4

engage in multicomponent exercise program that includes residentance training in combination with balance training - DO NOT engage in aerobic training

Question 5

what therapeutic goals should be targeted in individuals with osteoporosis?

Answer 5

1) fall prevention
2) safe movement or spine sparing strategies
3) prevention of further bone loss

Question 6

fab 5 exercises for first timers

Answer 6

1) squats or sit to stand exercises or lunges for legs and butt muscles
2) heel raises for lower legs
3) wall pushups for chest and tricep
4) bow and arrow pulls with an exercise band for upper back and biceps
5) lateral raises with an exercise band for shoulders, back and arms

Question 7

spine sparing

Answer 7

modifying activities that apply rapid, repetitive, weighted or end-range flexion or twisting torque to the spine, to instead do slow, controlled twist in spine or supported trunk flexion

Question 8

what is more important: learning how to lift weight or how much to lift

Answer 8

learning how

Question 9

symptoms of osteoarthritis

Answer 9

pain, redness, swelling, heat

Question 10

in ___ of cases of osteoarthritis, the person had severe limitation of daily activity

Answer 10

1/4

Question 11

what percent of canadians over 65 are diagnosed with osteoarthritis

Answer 11

47%

Question 12

Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 12

autoimmune disorder possibly triggered by infection (ethology unknown)

Question 13

how many canadians are diagnosed with RA?

Answer 13

1 in 100

Question 14

are women or men more likely to get RA

Answer 14

twice the number of women over men have RA

Question 15

how can RA be treated

Answer 15

with meds, exercise, heat/cold therapy, relaxation and surgery

Question 16

5 functional consequences of osteoarthritis

Answer 16

1) joint stiffness and pain
2) immobility
3) loss of stability
4) reduced joint range of motion
5) increase in sprains, strains, and tendon rupture

Question 17

4 reasons why exercise is essential for those with osteoarthritis

Answer 17

a) lubricates joints
b) strengthens soft tissue surrounding joints
c) increases flexibility/reduces stiffness
d) maintains body weight - easier on joints

Question 18

4 considerations for exercise prescription for osteoarthritis

Answer 18

1) amount of exercise
2) type of exercise/equipment
3) body positions
4) bracing/splinting

Question 19

rules for working with person who has had a hip replacement

Answer 19

• dont cross legs over midline
• dont bend hip past 90 degrees
• no internal rotation of the hip

Question 20

rules for working with person who has had knee replacement

Answer 20

• no kneeling initially
• rehab exercises daily
• dont allow the patient to fall