Muscles of the Trunk and Spine Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Muscles of the Trunk and Spine Deck (31)
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1
Q

What are the 4 major movements of the spine?

A

Flexion
Extension
Axial Rotation
Lateral Flexion

2
Q

What is flexion of the spine?

A

Bending forwards

3
Q

What is extension of the spine?

A

Bending backwards

4
Q

What is axial rotation of the spine?

A

Twisting

5
Q

What is lateral flexion of the spine?

A

Stretching to the side

6
Q

What are the five regions of the vertebral column?

A
Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral
Coccygeal
7
Q

Where is the cervical region of the vertebral column?

A

Neck

8
Q

Where is the thoracic region of the vertebral column?

A

Upper and middle back

9
Q

Where is the lumbar region of the vertebral column?

A

Lower back

10
Q

Where is the sacral region of the vertebral column?

A

Pelvis

11
Q

Where is the coccygeal region of the vertebral column?

A

Very bottom of the vertebral column

12
Q

How many cervical vertebrae are there?

A

Seven

13
Q

How many thoracic vertebrae are there?

A

Twelve

14
Q

How many lumbar vertebrae are there?

A

Five

15
Q

How many sacral vertebrae are there?

A

One bone consisting of five fused vertebrae

16
Q

How many coccygeal vertebrae are there?

A

One bone consisting of usually four fused vertebrae

17
Q

What asana creates flexion of the spine?

A

Forward bends eg. Paschimottanasana

18
Q

What asana creates extension of the spine?

A

Back bends eg. Ustrasana

19
Q

What asana creates axial rotation of the spine?

A

Twists eg. Parivrtta Anjaneyasana

20
Q

What asana creates lateral flexion of the spine?

A

Lateral flexing poses eg. Parighasana

21
Q

What is the primary curve?

A

The thoracic and sacral curvatures of the spine formed in the womb

22
Q

What asana create a primary curve?

A

Balasana and forward bends

23
Q

What is a prolapsed disc?

A

This is where the nucleus pulposus bulges out through a weakness in the outer part of the intervertebral disc

24
Q

How does a prolapsed disc effect asana practice?

A

Standing twists such as Parivrtta Anjaneyasana, should be avoided as disc related injuries are most likely to occur when there is flexion paired with axial rotation. Lateral flexing postures are not advised as this movement increases pressure on the spinal discs.
If acute, back bends are contraindicated as they cause too much compression in the spine.

25
Q

What is sciatica?

A

Nerve root pain of the sciatic nerve, caused by a prolapsed disc pressing on the sciatic nerve

26
Q

What is scoliosis?

A

Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine to either left or right

27
Q

What is osteoporosis?

A

An age related disorder characterized by decreased bone mass and increased susceptibility to fractures

28
Q

What is osteoarthritis?

A

The most common form of arthritis it includes loss of cartilage, overgrowth of bone and the formation of bone spurs.

29
Q

What is hyperlordosis?

A

The inward curve of the spine is exaggerated (sway back)

30
Q

What is hyperkyphosis?

A

The outward curve of the spine is exaggerated (hump back)

31
Q

How does sciatica effect asana practice?

A

Forward folds are contraindicated as they take the lumbar spine out of its natural position.
Lateral flexion postures are also contraindicated as they place too much pressure on lumbosacral area.
If acute, back bends should not be practiced due to the increased compression of the lumbar spine.