Flashcards in Muscles of the Head and Face Deck (33)
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1
Q
A
occipitofrontalis
Occipito
- O: lateral 2/3 of superior nuchal line, EOP and mastoid process (temporal bone)
- I: Galea Aponeurotica
- A: pulls the back of scalp to raise eyebrows
- N: Facial nerve (CN VII) posterior auricular branch
Frontalis
- O: Galea aponeurotica
- I: skin and fascia above nose and eyes
- A: pulls scalp posteriorly to raise eyebrows
- N: facial nerve (CN VII) temporal branch
2
Q
A
temporoparietalis
- O: temporal fascia superior and anterior to ear
- I: lateral border of galea aponeurotica
- A: elevation of ear, stabilizies galea
- N: facial nerve temporal branch
3
Q
A
Auricularis
- O: Anterior = galea aponeurotica
- Supierior = galea aponeurotica
- postierior = temporal bone
- I: Anterior = anterior ear
- Superior = superior ear
- Posterior = posterior ear
- A: Anterior = pulls ear anterior (forward)
- superior = elevates ear
- posterior = pulls ear posterior (backwards)
- N: facial nerve
4
Q
A
Orbicularis Oculi
- O: Orbital portion = maxillary process of frontal bone and frontal process of maxilla
- palpebral portion = palpebral ligament
- lacrimal portion = lacrimal crest of the lacrimal bone
- I: cicumferentially around the orbit meet at the origin
- A: closes the eye tightly, squinting, depresses upper lid, elevates lower lid
- N: facial nerve (CN VII) temporal and zygomatic branch
5
Q
A
Corregator supercilii
- O: frontal bone just above the medial eye - lateral to glabella
- I: skin of middle portion of eyebrows
- A: pulls eyebrow downward and medially, with vertical wrinkles in the forehead “thinkers brow”
- N: facial nerve (CN VII) zygomatic branch
6
Q
A
Procerus
- O: fascia covering the lower part of the nasal bone and the upper part of the lateral nasal cartilage
- I: skin and fasica between eyebrows
- A: pulls inner angle of the eyebrows downward and produces transverse wrinkles over the bridge of the nose. “the look of disgust”
- N: facial nerve (CN VII) superior bruccal branches
7
Q
A
Levator Palpebrae Superioris
- O: inner surface of the lesser wing of the sphenoid
- I: upper eyelid (faschia and skin)
- A: raises upper eyelids
- N: oculomotor nerve (CN III)
8
Q
A
Nasalis
- O: transverse part (superior) = maxilla, lateral to nose
- Alar part (inferior) = maxilla, superior to the canine aleolar process
- I: transverse part = opposite side nasalis over the upper cartilage of nose
- alar part = alar cartilage of nose (nasal wing)
- A: flares nostrils
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
9
Q
A
depressor septinasi
- O: incisive fossa of maxilla
- I: septum and alar cartilage of the nose
- A: constricts nostrils
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
10
Q
A
Levator labii superoiris alaeque nasi
- O: frontal process of the maxilla
- I: lateral slip - upper lip muscles. medial slip - alar cartilage of the nose
- A: raises & protrudes the upper lip, flares nostrils
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
11
Q
A
Levator Labii superioris
- O: medial inferior orbital margin of maxilla
- I: upper lip muscles
- A: elevation and eversion for the upper lip
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
12
Q
A
zygomaticus minor
- O: zygomatic bone (maxillary process)
- I: skin, muscles and fascia of upper lip (orbicularis oris)
- A: elevation & eversion of the upper lip
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
13
Q
A
Zygomaticus Major
- O: zygomatic bone (temporal process of the zygomatic bone)
- I: angles of mouth (modiolus)
- A: elevation of the angle of the mouth (smiling) pulls angle of the mouth laterally
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
14
Q
A
Levator Anguli Oris
- O: below infraorbital foramen of the maxilla
- I: modiolus (near angle of the mouth)
- A: elevates the angle of the mouth
- :N facial nerve (CN VII)
15
Q
A
Risorius
- O: parotid fascia [(salivary glands) over the masseter]
- I: modiolus
- A: pulls the angle of the mouth lateraly
- N: facial Nerve (CN VII)
16
Q
A
Buccinator
- O: maxilla and mandible ( posterior alveolar processes) and pterygomandibular raphe/ ligament
- I: lateral angle of the mouth (modiolus)
- A: compression of cheek against teeth
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
17
Q
A
Orbicularis Oris
- O: modiolus
- I: circumferentially around the mouth blending with other muscles
- A: closes lips & protrudes them forward
- N: facial nerve: (CN VII)
18
Q
A
Depressor Labii Inferioris
- O: madible (between symphysis & mental foramen)
- I: skin & fascia of lower lip
- A: draws the lower lip downward & laterally, eversion of the lower lip
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
19
Q
A
Depressor Anguli Oris
- O: oblique line of the mandible (lateral aspect of mental tubercle of mandible)
- I: modiolus ( near the angle of the mouth)
- A: depresses the angle of the mouth
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
20
Q
A
Mentalis
- O: incisive fossa of the mandible
- I: skin & fascia of the chin
- A: elevation & eversion of the lower lip & wrinkles skin of chin, as in pouting
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
21
Q
A
Platysma
- O: subcutaneous fascia (deltopectoral region below clavicle)
- I: mandible & subcutaneous fascia of lower face
- A: tenses the skin over the lower neck (creates ridge in skin depresses mandible and lower lip
- N: facial nerve (CN VII)
22
Q
A
Temporalis
- O: temporal fossa (temporal, shenoid & frontal bone lateral aspects)
- I: coronoid process & ramus of the mandible (open the jaw to palpate)
- A: closes the jaw (elevation & retraction of the mandible) posterior fibers
- N: Trigeminal nerve (CN V)
23
Q
A
Masseter
- O: Superficial part = zygomatic process (maxilla) & inferior border of the zygomatic arch;
- profundus (deep) part = posterior 1/3 of inferior border & medial surface of the zygomatic arch
- I: Superficial part = angle & ramus of the mandible;
- Deep part = superior 1/2 of ramus & coronoid process of the mandible
- A: elevation of the mandibe (clench teeth)
- protraction of mandible (anterior fibres)
- retraction of mandible (posterior fibres)
- N: Trigeminal nerve ( CN V)
24
Q
A
Lateral pterygoid
- O: Superior head = greater wing of the sphenoid
- Inferior head = lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate (sphenoid bone)
- I: Superior Head = capsule/ articular disc of TMJ
- Inferior head = neck of mandibular condyle
- A: opens the jaw (protraction and depression of the mandible) & lateral deviation of mandible to side opposite of contraction (during chewing)
- N: Trigeminal nerve (CN V)
25
Q
A
Medial Pterygoid
- O: medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate (sphenoid bone), palatine bone & pterygoid fossa
- I: inner surface of the mandibluar ramus and angle of the mandible
- A: closes the jaw (elevation); ipsilateral deviation (ie deviates to the side of the contraction), protractin
- N: Trigeminal nerve (CN V)
26
Q
A
Mylohyoid
- O: inner surface of manbidle (mylohyoid line)
- I: body of hyoid (anterior surface) along midline at mylohyoid raphe
- A:elevation of hyoid bone (raises floor of mouth for swallong) depression of mandible when hyoid if fixed
- N: trigeminal nerve ( CN V - mandibular division, V3)
No muscle test
27
Q
A
Digastric
- O: Posterior Belly: mastoid notch of temporal bone
- Anterior belly: digastric fossa of internal mandible
- I: body og hyoid (both bellies attach by a pulley tendon)
- A: elevation of the hyoid bone; depression of mandible (open mouth); stabilize hyoid bone for infrahyoid action
- N: Posterior Belly: facial nerve (CN VIII)
- Anterior Belly: trigeminal nerve (CN V)
No muscle test
28
Q
A
Geniohyoid
- O: inner surface of mandible (mental spines)
- I: body of hyoid (paired muscles separated by septum)
- A: elevation of hyoid bone; depression of mandible (works with mylohyoid)
- N: hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
No muscle test
29
Q
A
Stylohiod
- O: styloid process of temporal bone
- I: lateral margin of hyoid body (base of greater horn)
- A: elevation of hyoid (during swallowing) stabilizes hyoid bone for infrahyoid action
- N: Facial Nerve (CN VII)
No muscle test
30
Q
A
Thyrohyoid
- O: thyroid cartilage (oblique line)
- I: body of hyoid bone
- A: depression of hyoid bone; elevation of thyroid cartilage (Larynx)
- N: C1 spinal nerve (via CN XII)
No muscle test
31
Q
A
Omohyoid
- O: Superior Belly: hyoid bone (lateral to sternohyoid)
- Inferior Belly: superior scapular border (medial to suprascapular notch)
- I: clavical (both bellies meet & are held loosely to the clavical by a pulley tendon
- A: depression of hyoid bone and larynx (acts eccentrically with suprahyoid muscles to provide them a stable base)
- N: Ansa Cervicalis (C1, C2, C3)
No Muscle test
32
Q
A
Sternohyoid
- O: Manubrium & sternoclavicular joint (posterior aspect of both)
- I: body of hyoid bone
- A: depression of hyoid & larynx; acts eccentrically with suprahyoid muscles to provide them a stable base
- N: Ansa cervicalis (C1, C2, C3)
No Muscle test
33
Q
A
Sternothyroid
- O: manubrium of sternum (posterior aspect)
- I: thyroid cartilage (oblique line)
- A: depression of thyroid cartilage; acts eccentrically with the suprahyoid muscles to provide them a stable base
- N: Ansa cervicalis (C1, C2, C3)
No muscle test