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A&P 1 > Muscle Tissue > Flashcards

Muscle Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Skeletal muscle tissue

A

Description: Long, cylindrical, striations
Function: Voluntary movement, locomotion
Location: skeletal muscles, attached to bones or occasionally to skin

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2
Q

Cardiac Muscle tissue

A

Description: branching, striated, intercalated disks
Function: as it contracts, it propels blood into the circulation, involuntary
Location: in the walls of the heart

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3
Q

Smooth Muscle Tissue

A

Description: spindle shaped cells with central nuclei, no striations, cells arranged closely to form sheets
Function: propels substances or objects along internal passageways: involuntary control
Location: mostly in the walls of hallow organs

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4
Q

Physical characteristics of a muscle

A
  1. Excitability: receive and respond to a stimulus
  2. Contractility: the ability to shorten forcefully when stimulated
  3. Extensibility: the ability to be stretched or extended
  4. Elasticity: the ability to recoil after being stretched
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5
Q

Muscle functions

A
  1. Producing movement
  2. Maintaining posture and body position
  3. Stabilizing joints
  4. Generating heat
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6
Q

Types of muscle

A

Skeletal, cardiac, smooth

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7
Q

The connective tissue sheaths

A

Epimysium, perimysium and endomysium

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8
Q

Insertion and origin

A

When a muscle contracts, the movable bone, the INSERTION, moves towards the immovable bone, the ORIGIN

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9
Q

Sarcoplasm

A

Cytoplasm of a muscle fiber

Contains glycosomes and myoglobin

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10
Q

Sarcolemma

A

A muscle fibres plasma membrane

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11
Q

Glycosomes

A

Granules of stored glycogen: provide glucose during muscle cell activity

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12
Q

Myoglobin

A

Red coloured protein: stores oxygen to use during muscle cell activity

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13
Q

Myofibrils

A

Densely packed fibers that are involved in muscle contraction.
Each muscle fiber contains thousands of rodlike myofibrils

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14
Q

Myofilaments

A

Composes myofibrils that are organized into sarcomeres

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15
Q

A Bands and I Bands

A

Perfectly aligned with each other
Gives the cell it’s striated appearance
A band: darker in colour
I band: lighter in colour (bisected by a dark line called the Z DISK)

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16
Q

H zone

A

The midsection of the A band. Lighter in colour than the A band
Bisected vertically by a dark line called M LINE

17
Q

Epimysium

A

A tissue that surrounds the whole muscle

18
Q

Perimysium

A

A tissue that surrounds fascicles

19
Q

Endomysium

A

A tissue that surrounds each fiber

20
Q

How do calcium ions have a part in muscle contraction?

A

They signal the myofibrils to contract

21
Q

Myosin and actin

A

Contractile proteins that make up the thick and thin filaments

22
Q

Tropomyosin

A

Protein that spirals around each thin filament to help stabilize it
It helps to control the myosin-actin interaction involved in contraction

23
Q

Epimysium

A

A tissue that surrounds the whole muscle

24
Q

Perimysium

A

A tissue that surrounds fascicles

25
Q

Endomysium

A

A tissue that surrounds each fiber

26
Q

How do calcium ions have a part in muscle contraction?

A

They signal the myofibrils to contract

27
Q

Myosin and actin

A

Contractile proteins that make up the thick and thin filaments

28
Q

Tropomyosin

A

Protein that spirals around each thin filament to help stabilize it
It helps to control the myosin-actin interaction involved in contraction

29
Q

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum that wraps each myofibril

Role: to regulate intracellular levels of ionic calcium

30
Q

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum that wraps each myofibril

Role: to regulate intracellular levels of ionic calcium

31
Q

T Tubules

A

The muscles Sarcolemma sticks into the cell interior forming a t tubule.
It comes into contact with the sarcoplasmic reticulum

32
Q

Neuromuscular junction

A

Where action potentials occur

The synapse between a somatic motor neurone and a skeletal muscle fiber

33
Q

Synapse

A

A region of communication between two neutrons

They separate cells from cells from direct physical contact

34
Q

Events of the Neuromuscular Junction

A
  1. Action potential arrives at motor neurons axon terminal

2. Voltage-gated Ca+ channels open and Ca+ enters the axon terminal

A&P 1 (10 decks)

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