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Semester 2 > MSK Session 6 > Flashcards

MSK Session 6 Flashcards

0
Q

What gives the power grip?

A

Muscles in the forearm

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1
Q

What allows for the precision grip?

A

Muscles of the hand

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2
Q

How is blood supplied to the hand?

A

Ulnar artery branches into deep and superficial palmar arches
Radial anastomoses

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3
Q

What is the venous drainage of the hand?

A

Veins follow arteries in the dorsal venous network

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4
Q

What are the five intrinsic muscle groups of the hand?

A 
Thenar
Lumbricals
Pollicis
Interossei
Digiti minimi
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5
Q

What causes Hand of Benediction?

A

Damage of the median nerve at the wrist of elbow

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6
Q

What causes wrist drop?

A

Damage of radial nerve at axilla/radial groove/deep superficial branch

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7
Q

Which muscles of the hand are innervated by the median nerve?

A

Lateral 2 lumbricals
Opponens pollicis
Abductor policis
Flexor pollicis brevis

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8
Q

What is the main action of opponens pollicis?

A

Oppose thumb by drawing 1st metacarpal medially to centre of Palm and rotating it medially

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9
Q

What is the main action of abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Abducts thumb

Assists opposition

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10
Q

What is the main action of flexor pollicis brevis?

A

Flex thumb

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11
Q

What is the main action of adductor pollicis brevis?

A

Addicts thumb toward lateral border of palm

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12
Q

What innervates adductor pollicis?

A

Ulnar nerve

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13
Q

What is the main action of abductor digiti minimi?

A

Abduct 5th digit

Assist flexion of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

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14
Q

What is the main action of flexor digiti minimi brevis?

A

Flex proximal phalanx of 5th digit

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15
Q

What is the main action of opponens digiti?

A

Draw 5th metacarpal anterior

Rotate 5th metacarpal bringing it into opposition w/thumb

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16
Q

What innervates the hypothenar muscles - ADM, FDMB and OD?

A

Ulnar nerve

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17
Q

What is the main action of the 1st-4th lumbricals?

A

Flex metacarpophalangeal joints

Extend interphalangeal joints of 2nd-5th digits

18
Q

What is the main action of the dorsal interossei 1st-4th?

A

Abduct 2nd-4th digits from axial line

Act w/lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joints and extending interphalangeal joints

19
Q

What is the main action of the palmar interossei 1st-3rd?

A

Adduct 2nd, 4th and 5th digits towards axial line
Assist lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joints and extending interphalangeal joints
Extensor expansions of 2nd-4th digits

20
Q

What innervates the 3rd and 4th lumbricals and both dorsal and palmar sets of interossei?

A

Ulnar nerve

21
Q

What is ulnar claw?

A

Damage of the ulnar nerve at the elbow or wrist

22
Q

How do you test for Hand of Benediction?

A

Ask to make a fist - first three digits paralysed so only 4th and 5th bend

23
Q

How do you test the function of the dorsal interossei?

A

Ask patient to spread fingers and resist closure

24
Q

How do you test the function of the palmar interossei?

A

Ruler b/w fingers and pull

25
Q

Where is cutaneous sensation loss tested for in radial nerve damage?

A

Anatomical snuffbox

26
Q

What are the contents of the carpal tunnel?

A

4 tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis
4 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
Median nerve

27
Q

How is the location of the carpal tunnel found by surface anatomy?

A

Most distal crease of wrist when slightly flexed

28
Q

What forms the roof of the carpal tunnel?

A

Flexor retinaculum

29
Q

What is carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Pain and paresthesia due median nerve compression

30
Q

What can carpal tunnel syndrome lead to?

A

Thenar muscle atrophy

31
Q

Describe the pain experienced in carpal tunnel syndrome.

A

Radiates to forearm

Worse at night and in morning

32
Q

What is found in Guyon’s canal?

A

Palmaris longus tendon
Ulnar artery
Ulnar nerve

33
Q

What is Tinel’s sign?

A

Tap median nerve to elicit carpal tunnel symptoms

34
Q

What is Phalen’s manoeuvre?

A

Hold wrist in flexion (palms/dorsal aspects pressed together) for 60s to elicit carpal tunnel syndrome symptoms

35
Q

What are the treatments for carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Splint to hold in dorsi-flexion overnight
Corticosteroid injections into tunnel
Surgical decompression

36
Q

What forms the carpal tunnel?

A

Deep carpal arch

Superficial flexor retinaculum

37
Q

What forms the carpal arch?

A

Laterally by scaphoid and trapezium

Medially by hook of hamate and pisisform

38
Q

Describe the path of the superficial flexor retinaculum.

A

Originates in lateral side and inserts on medial side of carpal arch

39
Q

What happens to the median nerve once it passes through the carpal tunnel?

A

Divides into recurrent branch and palmar digital nerve branch

40
Q

What does the palmar digital nerve give sensory innervation to?

A

Palmar skin

Dorsal nail beds of lateral 3.5 digits

41
Q

What surrounds the 8 tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus and superficialis?

A

Synovial sheath

42
Q

What is the flexor carpi radialis tendon associate with?

A

Flexor retinaculum

Semester 2 (45 decks)

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