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Flashcards in [MS] Gastroenterology Deck (26)
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1
Q

What physical finding is often associated with Vitamin C deficiency?

A

Corkscrew hair follicles

2
Q

What physical finding is a medical emergency associated with vitamin A deficiency?

A

Corneal clouding

3
Q

What is the generic name for vitamin E?

A

Tocopherol

4
Q

What is the best test to make a diagnosis for chronic vomiting?

A

Endoscopy

5
Q

What is the most common cause of dysphagia or food impaction in children?

A

Eosinophilic esophagitis

6
Q

What type of diet typically leads to improvement of eosinophilic esophagitis?

A

Cow’s milk elimination diet

7
Q

What is the cause of pill esophagitis?

A

Swallowing pills “dry” causing them to be stuck in the mid-esophagus

8
Q

What are the most common pills to cause pill esophagitis?

A

Tetracycline, doxycycline, NSAIDs, and slow-release potassium

9
Q

What is the cause of Menetrier disease resulting in severe hypoproteinemia?

A

CMV

10
Q

What is the most reliable test to diagnose lactase deficiency?

A

Breath hydrogen test

11
Q

What is the cause of Blue Diaper syndrome?

A

Isolated malabsorption of tryptophan

12
Q

What deficiencies are seen in duodenal short gut syndrome?

A

Iron, Folate, and Calcium

13
Q

How many intestinal polyps are required to make the diagnosis of juvenile polyposis?

A

6 or more

14
Q

What are the two distinguishing characteristics of Proteus syndrome?

A

Hemihypertrophy

Hamartomas

15
Q

What other disorder are omphaloceles associated with?

A

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

16
Q

What rheumatologic condition is associated with Hepatitis B infection?

A

Polyarteritis nodosa

17
Q

What cancer is associated with chronic Hepatitis B infection?

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma

18
Q

What are the extrahepatic manifestations of Hepatitis C?

A

Small vessel vasculitis and glomerulonephritis with Porphyria Cutanea Tarda

19
Q

What virus causes severe and fatal hepatitis in pregnant women in their third trimester of pregnancy?

A

Hepatitis E

20
Q

What is the most severe form of Crigler-Najjar syndrome?

A

Type I

21
Q

What is the treatment for the most severe form of Crigler-Najjar syndrome?

A

Phototherapy and Exchange Transfusion to prevent kernicterus

22
Q

What two liver pathologies are associated with oral contraceptives?

A

Liver adenomas

Budd-Chiari Syndrome

23
Q

What is a key imaging finding associated with Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis?

A

“Beading” of the biliary tree

24
Q

What are the findings associated with Aagenaes syndrome?

A

Found in Norwegian families
Severe cholestasis in the newborns
Lymphedema of the lower extremities

25
Q

What disease processes are associated with hydrops of the gallbladder?

A

Kawasaki disease
Streptococcal pharyngitis
Prolonged fasting
HSP

26
Q

What tumor marker is seen in Hepatoblastomas?

A

Alpha-fetoprotein