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Flashcards in Moral Development Deck (17)
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1
Q

Piaget’s theory: 0-5 years

A

premoral judgement - no understanding of morality or rules

2
Q

Piaget’s theory: 5-9 years

A

heteronomous morality - rules externally imposed and essentially unalterable; accidents following wrongdoing = punishment; judgement based on action not intent

3
Q

Piaget’s theory: 10yrs+

A

Autonomous morality: judged by intent not consequences; rules can be changed by mutual consent

4
Q

What did Piaget base his theory of morality on?

A

Children playing marbles

5
Q

Give criticisms of Piaget’s thoery

A

1) Marbles isn’t the best model
2) Piaget’s stories (heteronomous morality) made it easier to see the effects of action rather than intent.
3) The study was conducted on a different society to ours today
4) Believed once attained, moral stages unalterable. Not so

6
Q

Who presented videos to children with stories similar to Piaget’s morality stories? Findings?

A

Chandler; children more likely to correctly identify ‘naughty kids’

7
Q

Who found moral reasoning doesn’t remain intact and unaltered during childhood?

A

McDonald and Stuart-Hamilton

8
Q

Building on Piaget’s theory of morality, _____ examined e stages of mature morality

A

Kohlberg

9
Q

What were the levels outlined by K___? Subcategories of each?

A

1) Pre-conventional morality:
punishment-obedience, instrumental-relativist
2) Conventional morality: good boy-nice girl, law and order
3) Post-conventional morality:
social construct, universal ethical principle

10
Q

Kohlberg theory: actions judged by their consequences. Therefore, rules obeyed simply to avoid punishment.

A

Punishment-obedience orientation

11
Q

Kohlberg stages; what is good or bad determined by personal needs

A

Instrument relativist orientation

12
Q

Kohlberg: what is good is what is approved by others

A

Good boy-Nice girl orientation

13
Q

Kohlberg - the law is absolute – regardless of personal feelings, the letter of the law must be obeyed

A

Law and order orientation

14
Q

Kohlberg - what is good or bad is what society agrees to as a whole; thus, different cultures may have different ideas of right and wrong

A

Social contract orientation

15
Q

Kohlberg - what is good or bad depends on individual conscience shaped by abstract ideals such as justice, human rights, etc. These should be universally recognised by others across all societies.

A

Universal ethical principle

16
Q

Other aspects of Kohlberg’s stages:

3 points

A

1) Sequential: No skipping of stages.
2) People in stage x can comprehend stages x+1, but not beyond
3) Few people will reach stage 3

17
Q

Criticisms of Kohlberg’s theory?

A

1) Androcentric - women score lower due to male-centred views
2) What gives him right to judge?