Molecules Of Life Section 3 Unit 3 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Molecules Of Life Section 3 Unit 3 Deck (25)
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1
Q

Monosaccharide

A

A monomer of a carbohydrate or a simple sugar

2
Q

Isomer

A

One of two or more compounds that differ in structure but not in molecular composition

3
Q

Proteins

A

Organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. Proteins are formed from the linkage of monomers

4
Q

What are the skin and muscles of animals mostly made of

A

Proteins

5
Q

Amino acids

A

The monomer building blocks of proteins

6
Q

Dipeptide

A

Two amino acids bonded together

7
Q

Peptide bond

A

The bond formed in a condensation reaction when to amino acids combine

8
Q

Polypeptide

A

The chain formed when amino acids bond to each other one at a time

9
Q

Substrate

A

A part substance or element that lies beneath and supports another; the reactant in any enzyme-catalyzed reaction

10
Q

Lipids

A

Large, nonpolar organic molecules that do not dissolve in water

11
Q

Do lipids or carbohydrates have a higher ratio of carbon and hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms than carbohydrates have.

A

Lipids

12
Q

Fatty acid

A

Unbranched carbon chains that make up most lipids

13
Q

Hydrophilic

A

Water loving

14
Q

Hydrophobic

A

Water fearing

15
Q

Triglyceride

A

Composed of three molecules of fatty acid joined to one molecule of the alcohol glycerol

16
Q

Phospholipids

A

Have two, rather than three, fatty acids joined by a molecule of glycerol

17
Q

Wax

A

A type of structural lipid. It is highly waterproof and in plants, forms a protective coating on the outer surfaces. (Also in animals)

18
Q

RNA

A

Stores and transfers information that is essential for the manufacturing of proteins

19
Q

Nucleotides

A

Thousands of linked monomers

20
Q

Who came up with the cell theory

A

Hooke and van Leeuwenhoek

21
Q

Organelles

A

A cell component that performs specific functions for the cell

22
Q

Nucleus

A

The large organelle near the center of the cell

23
Q

Eukaryotes

A

Organisms whose cells contain a membrane bound nucleus and other organelles

24
Q

Prokaryotes

A

Unicellular organisms that lack a membrane bound nucleus and other organelles

25
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of about two hydrogen atoms to one oxygen atom. The number of carbon atoms varies. carbohydrates exist as monosaccharides, disaccharides, or polysaccharides