Module 9.3 - Biological, Environmental, and Behavioural Influences on Intelligence Flashcards Preview

intro psychology > Module 9.3 - Biological, Environmental, and Behavioural Influences on Intelligence > Flashcards

Flashcards in Module 9.3 - Biological, Environmental, and Behavioural Influences on Intelligence Deck (19)
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1
Q

heritability estimate

A

describes how much of the differences between people in a sample can be accounted for by differences in their genes

2
Q

if everyone has the same environment are estimates high or low?

A

high, e.g., intelligence in wealthy people = 0.72

3
Q

for heterogeneous groups are estimates high or low?

A

low because other factors could influence performance, e.g., intelligence in some poorer groups = 0.10

4
Q

a study of the humane genome of 7000 people found a mere ___ markers that predicted cognitive ability. these markers only explained 1% of the variability

A

6

5
Q

what are the 2 ways of manipulating genes?

A

1) gene knockout studies

2) transgenic animal studies

6
Q

gene knockout studies

A

involve removing a specific gene and testing the effect of removing the gene by comparing animals without the gene to those that have it

7
Q

transgenic animal studies

A

inserting genetic material into mouse chromosomes to study the changes associated with the new gene

8
Q

doogie mice have an altered version of what gene?

A

NR2B gene, which is related to learning and memory

9
Q

the average human brain weighs between _______ and ______ grams

A

1300 and 1400 grams

10
Q

how much did einsteins brain weigh?

A

1230 grams

11
Q

true or false: humans have more cortical folds than other species

A

true

12
Q

true or false: neuroimaging studies noted that the higher the score on the WAIS, the less convolutions seen across several regions of the cortex

A

neuroimaging studies noted that the higher the score on the WAIS, the more convolutions seen across several regions of the cortex

13
Q

true or false: most researchers agree that both heredity and environment do play a role

A

true

14
Q

true or false: enriched environments with a lot of cognitive stimulation improve intelligence

A

true

15
Q

what are the average IQ ratings of birth orders?

A

the IQs of first born children are on averge about 3 points higher than those of second born children and 4 pointd higher than those of third born childrn

16
Q

what are 4 environment factors on IQ?

A

1) socioeconomic status
2) stress
3) nutrition
4) education

17
Q

what is the meaning of nootropic substances

A

“affecting the mind”

18
Q

what are nootropic substances

A

substances that are believed to beneficially affect intelligence

19
Q

what does ritalin do?

A

boosts cognitive performance by blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine