Module 9.2 - Understanding Intelligence Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Module 9.2 - Understanding Intelligence Deck (38)
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1
Q

Savant

A

an individual with low mental capacity in most domains but extraordinary abilities in other specific areas such as music, mathematics or art

2
Q

factor analysis

A

a statistical technique that examines correlations between variables to find clusters of related variables, or “factors”

3
Q

scores on tests of vocabulary, reading comprehension, and verbal reasoning correlate highly together (factor analysis); these would form a __________ factor

A

language ability factor

4
Q

true or false: according to factor analysis, someone who is good at math is probably good at problem-solving

A

true

5
Q

spearman proposed that performance in tasks of mental ability was dependent on a general intelligence factor that he called ____

A

g

6
Q

g assumes what of intelligence?

A

assumes intelligence is a basic cognitive trait comprising the ability to learn, reason and solve problems, regardless of their nature

7
Q

what does g correlate with?

A

perceptual decision making speed and the efficiency of nerve conduction

8
Q

spearman suggested that along with the general influence of g, all tasks require specific abilities, ____

A

s

9
Q

monarchic

A

Spearmans theory that intelligence consists of a general ability (G) plus an unknown number of specific abilities (S)

10
Q

Louis Thurstone (1938) used factor analysis and found 7 different clusters of what he termed __________

A

primary mental abilities

11
Q

what were the 7 different clusters of that Thurstone found and termed primary mental abilities?

A

1) word fluency
2) verbal comprehension
3) numeric abilities
4) spatial visualization
5) memory
6) perceptual speed
7) reasoning

12
Q

true or false: spearman noted that thurstones 7 clusters were not correlated with each othe

A

FALSE: spearman noted that thurstones 7 clusters correlated with each other

13
Q

what were the 2 components that Raymond Cattell believed g had?

A

1) fluid intelligence (Gf)

2) crystallized intelligence (Gc)

14
Q

fluid intelligence (Gf)

A

a type of intelligence used in learning new information and solving new problems not based on knowledge the person already possesses

15
Q

crystallized intelligence (Gc)

A

a type of intelligence that draws upon past learning and experience

16
Q

true or false: fluid intelligence reaches its peak before age 20, remains steady and then decreases

A

true

17
Q

true or false: crystallized intelligence continues to increase with age so long as the person is active and alert

A

true

18
Q

sterberg suggested that there are 3 types of intelligence. what are they?

A

1) analytic
2) practical
3) creative

19
Q

what are the 2 forms of analytic intelligence

A

1) information processing strategies

2) meta-cognition

20
Q

information processing strategies

A
  • recognizing the problem
  • selecting a method for solving it
  • mastering and carrying out the strategy
  • evaluating the result
21
Q

meta-cognition

A

students whoa re weak in meta-cognition spend too little time on difficult material and too much time on material they already know

22
Q

practical intelligence

A

the ability to find solutions to real-world problems that are encountered in daily life and the ability to adjust to new environments, learn how to get things done and accomplish goals

23
Q

what is practical intelligence believed to have a great deal to do with?

A

ones job performance and success

24
Q

creative intelligence

A

the ability to create new ideas and generate novel solutions to problems

25
Q

multiple intelligences

A

a model claiming that there are 8 (now updated to at least 9) different forms of intelligence, each independent from the others

26
Q

what is the problem with multiple intelligences theory?

A

theory is unfalsifiable: you can always think up a new type of intelligence to account for the data

27
Q

emotional intelligence (EQ) is the ability to do what 4 things?

A

1) identify your own and other peoples emotions accurately
2) express your emotions clearly
3) regulate emotions in yourself and others
4) delay gratification

28
Q

frontal lobe damage impairs ____

A

EQ

29
Q

true or false: males and females have the same average IQ score, but there is much greater variability in male scores

A

tru

30
Q

true or false: there are more women who are geniuses

A

FALSE: there are more men who are geniuses

31
Q

true or false: there are more men with substantial intellectual challenges

A

true

32
Q

true or false: women have 10% more white matter

A

true

33
Q

why is the frontal cortex bulkier in women?

A

they have more neurons in the language processing areas of the temporal lobe

34
Q

______ (spatial skills/attention) and _____ (emotional reactions) are larger in men

A

parietal cortex, amygdala

35
Q

true or false: inconsistent sex difference related to grey matter

A

true

36
Q

what are the sex differences that appear in lateralization of language?

A

males show left-hemisphere activation only; females, left and right

37
Q

______ influence brain development in utero

A

sex hormones

38
Q

true or false: brain areas with the largest sex differences also have the most sex hormone receptors

A

true