module 3 Flashcards Preview

GCSE Edexcel RS B > module 3 > Flashcards

Flashcards in module 3 Deck (63)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

What is the nature of the trinity?

A

Christians believe that there are 3 equal, yet distinct, persons in 1 God-the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit. ‘Trinity’ comes from ‘tri-unity’, meaning ‘3 in 1’, showing belief in 1 God, but 3 separate and unique roles.

2
Q

What is the trinity in worship and belief?

A

Christians bless themselves by making sign of cross and offer prayers ‘in the name of the Father, Son and the Holy Spirit’. Prayers such as the Lord’s Prayer, Nicene Creed and Apostles’ creed refer to the Trinity. Some Christian hymns refer to the Father, Son and Holy Spirit. Belief in Trinity is intended to be at centre of each Christian’s individual daily relationship with God.

3
Q

What is the importance of the Trinity?

A

Trinity helps Christians understand 3 ways that God can be understood-Father, Son and Holy Spirit. Christians can understand God better by relating to these 3 aspects.

4
Q

What is the trinity and the Nicene Creed?

A

Nicene Creed is important statement of belief about Trinity and different characteristics of each role. States that: Father is powerful creator of everything-‘maker of Heaven and Earth, of all that is, seen and unseen’. Son is Jesus, who came to earth as God in human form(incarnation) and was crucified to redeem humanity’s sins-‘for us and for our salvation he came down from heaven’. Holy Spirit-invisible power of God works within world today to guide and inspire us-‘the giver of life, who proceeds from the Father and the Son’.

5
Q

What was the last supper?

A

Jesus shared his last meal with his disciples, where bread was broken and wine drunk. Jesus predicted that one disciple would betray him.

6
Q

What is the quote for the last supper?

A

“…I will not eat it again until it finds fulfillment in the kingdom of God”(Luke 22:14-16).

7
Q

What was the betrayal and arrest?

A

Soldiers came for Jesus while he was in the Garden of Gethsemane. Judas had betrayed him by telling the soldiers where he could be found.

8
Q

What are the quotes for betrayal and arrest?

A

“Then Jesus went with his disciples to a place called Gethsemane”(Matthew 26:36)
“While he was still speaking, Judas one of the Twelve, arrived. With him was a large crowd armed with swords and clubs”(Matthew 26:47).

9
Q

What was the ascension?

A

The resurrected Jesus ascended to heaven 40 days after his resurrection.

10
Q

What is the quote for the ascension?

A

“After the Lord Jesus had spoken to them, he was taken up into heaven and he sat at the right hand of God”(Mark 16:19).

11
Q

What was resurrection?

A

Jesus was brought to life 3 days after his crucifixion.

12
Q

What is the quote for resurrection?

A

“…the men said to them, ‘Why do you look for the living among the dead? He is not here; he had risen!’“(Luke 24:5-6).

13
Q

What was the crucifixion?

A

Jesus was sentenced to death on a cross as he was accused of blasphemy, tried and found guilty.

14
Q

What is the quote for the crucifixion?

A

“Carrying his own cross, he went out to the place of the skull,(which in Aramaic is called Golgotha).”(John 19:17).

15
Q

What is the importance of passion?

A

Provide evidence that Jesus was Son of God and came to Earth in human form. Show that Jesus was special and is worthy of respect and obedience. Demonstrate Christian belief in life after death, which offers hope to Christians. Show relationship between God and Jesus. Christians believe that through death of Jesus, God saved or redeemed humanity, and it is through following Jesus’ example that God can forgive them. Help Christians to understand sacrifice Jesus made and reinforce importance of Jesus withing Christianity. Eucharist (bread & wine) taken from Last supper.

16
Q

Who are literalists and what do they believe?

A

Also known as Creationists believe that: Creation story as told in bible is literally true because Bible is literal ‘word of God’. God created the world in six 24-hour days. Don’t accept scientific explanations about world e.g. big bang theory or evolution. Think scientific explanations as wrong.

17
Q

Who are non-literalists and what do they believe?

A

God created world but not exactly how story in Bible says-story is metaphorical. Genesis is more myth than fact, e.g. ‘day’ is metaphor for longer period. Science and religion together explain creation. No conflict between religious and scientific explanations-Bible explains why creation happened and science explains how.

18
Q

What is the quote for the word of God?

A

“In the beginning was the word, and the word was with God, and the Word was God”(John 1:1).

19
Q

What is the quote for spirit of God?

A

“In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness …the spirit of Gd was hovering over the waters.”(Genesis 1:1-2).

20
Q

What is the importance of Jesus?

A

Seen by Christians as incarnate son of God and is given great importance within Christianity. His birth fulfilled the prophecy of Christ coming to earth as saviour who was promised by God-so God took human form to be present within world. Is ‘Son’ part of 3 ideas (the trinity) that make up christian understanding of God.

21
Q

What do the Gospels in the New Testament state about the incarnation?

A

Information about life of Jesus found in Bible in first 4 books of New Testament-Matthew, Mark, Luke and John-known as Gospels. Accounts in New Testaments describe Jesus’ birth, life and death.

22
Q

What are the quotes for the incarnation in the New Testament?

A

“the word became flesh and made his dwelling among us”(John 1:14).
“He appeared in the flesh, was vindicated by the Spirit, was seen by angles, was preached among the nations, was believed in the world, was taken up in glory”(1 Timothy 3:16).

23
Q

How was Jesus divine?

A

Though Jesus was human, he was Divine, which means he was God, Christians believe Bible shows examples of how Jesus is Divine.

24
Q

What are the examples of Jesus being divine?

A

Jesus is omnipotent(Matthew), and omniscient(John). Jesus forgave sins(Mark), Jesus performed miracles(e.g. John), people worshipped and prayed to Jesus(Matthew), Jesus was resurrected after death(Mark.)

25
Q

What is the impact for Christians for Jesus being human?

A

Easier for Christians to understand and relate to Jesus, as he was human and experienced same problems we do.

26
Q

What are the examples of Jesus being human?

A

Was born to human mother as normal baby(Luke), had human body(Luke), got tired(John), thirsty(John) and hungry (Matthew), he showed emotions e.g. amazement(Matthew) and sorrow(John), he prayed to God(John), he died(Romans.)

27
Q

What is the role of Christ in salvation?

A

Christians believe that through God sending Jesus to earth, the sins of humanity are forgiven. Jesus, who was perfect and without sin, offered redemption for humans through sacrificing his life.

28
Q

What are the quotes for Jesus comping down to Earth?

A

“For God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life”.(John 3:16).
“Salvation is found in no one else, for there is no other name under heaven given to mankind by which we must be saved”(Acts 4:11-12).

29
Q

What are the different understandings of atonement?

A

Jesus’ death as divine sacrifice represents God’s love for humanity. Jesus’ death was sacrifice-offering to God to mend broken relationship. Jesus’ death is victory of good over evil, as Jesus was used as ransom to stop devil having any hold over humanity. Jesus’ death represents price being paid for forgiveness of humanity.

30
Q

What is the significance of atonement and salvation for Christians today?

A

Atonement and salvation are important because: restore relationship between God and humanity, confirm belief in an all-powerful and loving God, allow humans to understand importance of being reconciled with other humans, give humans hope that they can follow example of Jesus, to be rewarded in eternal life.

31
Q

What is Resurrection?

A

Christians believe that death is not end. Believe that resurrection of Jesus-when came back to life from dead-proves life after death.

32
Q

What is the quote for resurrection?

A

“I am the resurrection and the life. The one who believes in me will live, even though they die”(John 11:25).

33
Q

What is the soul?

A

Death is only end of body, soul is immortal. Should that have been saved either go to heaven or to purgatory (Which is the Catholic idea of a ‘waiting room’ where souls go to be cleansed before entering heaven). Souls that haven’t achieved salvation will go to hell.

34
Q

What is judgement?

A

Christians accept God is just and it’s God who will decide destination of every human’s soul after death. Believe Jesus us also involved in judgement and will offer every human opportunity of salvation. Those who refuse will face ‘Last Judgement’.

35
Q

What is the quote for judgement?

A

“For we must all appear before the judgement seat of Christ, so that each of us may receive what is due us for the things done while in the body, whether good or bad”(2 Corinthians 5:10).

36
Q

What is the belief in heaven?

A

Heaven is mentioned in Bible, yet is rarely described. Some Christians believe heaven is physical place, but most think is spiritual state of being united with God. Bible teaches is no sin sadness or suffering in heaven.

37
Q

What are the quotes for heaven?

A

“He will wipe away every tear from their eyes. There will be no more death or mourning or crying or pain”(Revelation 21:4).
“For we know that if the earthly tent we live in is destroyed, we have a building form God, an eternal house in heaven, not built by human hands”.(2 Corinthians 5:1).

38
Q

What is hell?

A

Bible teaches that hell is where unrepentant sinners go after death if have not accepted God’s offer of forgiveness and salvation through Jesus. IS place of pain and suffering, without God.

39
Q

What is the quote for forgiveness?

A

“Do not be afraid of those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul. Rather, be afraid of the One who can destroy both soul and body in hell”(Matthew 10:28).

40
Q

What are the 39 articles of Religion?

A

Written in 1563, are statements from Church of England to make clear position of Church on key teachings.

41
Q

What is the quote for the 39 articles of Religion?

A

“Christ did truly rise again from death, and took again his body, with flesh, bones and all things appertaining to the perfection of Man’s nature”.(39 Articles IV).

42
Q

What are the divergent understandings of life after death?

A

All Christians accept belief in life after death, some Christians: understand heave and hell as physical places, while others accept them as spiritual ideas. Believe members of all faiths have place in ‘Kingdom of God’, while others believe those without faith who have lived good lives will be rewarded. Believe in Second Coming or return of Jesus from heaven to earth. Some Christians see life as test for final judgement, while others see belief in God as more important.

43
Q

what are the types of evil/suffering?

A

Moral evil/suffering: actions carried out by humans who cause suffering e.g. murder.
Natural evil/suffering: things that cause suffering but have nothing to do with humans e.g. disease.

44
Q

What are questions that Christians have about the existence of God?

A

How loving and righteous God would allow people to do evil thing, why people need to suffer, whether, if God exist, he is all-powerful, as he should stop evil ad suffering.

45
Q

What is the problem of evil and suffering?

A

If God is all-good,he would want to remove evil and suffering as he cares for his creations. If God is all-knowing, he would know how to remove evil and suffering. If God is all-powerful hi would be able to remove evil and suffering.

46
Q

What does the bible state about evil and suffering?

A

Bible says God is benevolent and cares for his Creation. Christians believe that God would want to help his Creation if it were suffering.

47
Q

What are the quotes in the bible about evil and suffering?

A

“The Lord is compassionate and gracious, slow to anger, abounding in love. He will not always accuse, nor will he harbor his anger forever.”(Psalms 103:8-9).
“And the heavens proclaim his righteousness, for he is a God of justice”(Psalms 50:6).
“You answer us with awesome and righteous deeds, God our Saviour”(Psalm 65:5).

48
Q

What does the Bible say about evil and suffering?

A

Genesis says that God created a perfect world. The Fall: Adam and Eve used their free will in Garden of Eden to disobey God which allowed evil and suffering to enter world. Christians believe God sent Jesus to Earth to overcome evil in world and die for sins of humanity on cross. Some Christians accept that evil came into world through devil, e.g. when devil tempted Adam and Eve inn Garden of Eden.

49
Q

What are the boo of Psalms?

A

Offers reassurance that evil and suffering have purpose in world: give people opportunity to follow example set by Jesus in order to live as God intended.

50
Q

What are the quotes for the book of Psalms?

A

“God is our refuge and our strength”.(Psalm 46.1). Teach me knowledge and good judgement, for I trust your commands. Before I was afflicted I went astray, but now I obey your word.(Psalm 119:66-67).

51
Q

What is the story of Job?

A

Bible describes how Job endured many examples of suffering, including losing his family and physical pain, yet didn’t lose faith. Trusted God and believed suffering was part of God’s plan for him. Christians believe that they may not understand why they suffer, but they need to trust in God and will be rewarded for doing so.

52
Q

What is the quote for the story of Job?

A

“In all this, Job did not sin by charging God with wrongdoing”(Job 1:22).

53
Q

What is free will?

A

God gave people free will and Christians recognise that humans sometimes choose to turn away from God. This explains the presence of many acts of moral evil. Theories such as this are contained in St Augustine’s Theodicy.

54
Q

What is the vale of soul-making?

A

Idea that evil and suffering have purpose, even if we don’t know what it is. Suffering can make person stronger an help them appreciate good things in their life. So evil may not always be bad thing Philosopher John Hick put forward this theory.

55
Q

What are prayers and how do they solve evil and suffering?

A

Many Christians respond to evil in world by prayer, so that God will give them strength to cope with problems they are facing. Christians believe that even if their prayers are not answered in way that they want, God has plan for everyone.

56
Q

What is charity and how does it solve evil and suffering?

A

Many Christians have been inspired by suffering in own lives to try and help others. E.g.Chad Varah established the Samaritans as result of suffering he witnessed in his home community as priest in London.

57
Q

Who are literalists in creation?

A

Believe literal truth, God created world in 6 days. Don’t accept bib bang theory and believe scientific explanations as wrong.

58
Q

Who are non-literalists?

A

Creation story not exactly correct-metaphor. Genesis story myth more than fact for much longer period. Science and religion provide explanation. No conflict.

59
Q

What is the quote for creation?

A

“In the beginning was the World, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God”(John 1:1)

60
Q

What is the importance of Jesus

A

Seen as incarnate of Son of God. Birth fulfilled prophecy of Christ coming to earth-God took human form to be present withing world. Part of trinity.

61
Q

Quote of Jesus?

A

“the Word became flesh and made his dwelling among us”(John 1:14).

62
Q

How is Jeus seen as divine?

A

Is omnipotent adn omniscient, forgave sins, performed miracles, people worshpped and prayed to him, resurrectd after death.

63
Q

How is Jesus seen as human?

A

Born to human mother, had human body, got tired,thirsty and humgry, showed emotions, e.g. sorrow, prayed to god, died.