Module 12 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the UK environmental taxes?

A
Aggregates levy 
Landfill tax
Land remediation relief
Climate change levy 
Vehicle and fuel duty
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2
Q

What is aggregates levy?

A

Tax on exploitation of sand gravel and rock that is dug from ground or sea in UK

SAND
GRAVEL
ROCK
£2 per tonne

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3
Q

What is landfill tax?

A

Taxes on disposal of waste to landfill sites

Paid by landfill operators
Recharge to local businesses and authorities when dispose of waste

Scotland and Wales devolved

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4
Q

Landfill tax rates

A

Lower for inactive waste such as rocks and soil

Standard

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5
Q

Landfill communities fund

A

Encourages site operators to contribute money to carry out improvement projects

Tax credit from HMRC

5.3% claim credit

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6
Q

What is land remediation relief?

A

Cleaning up contaminated or derelict land can get enhanced relief

150% of qualifying costs
Conditions - in UK, was contaminated when acquired

Costs already in, additional 50% taken

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7
Q

What is climate change levy?

A

Reduce energy consumption

Main- electricity, gas, petrol, coal, come, charged by suppliers

Carbon price support rates - generators of electricity
CCA: 90% electricity reduction, 65% LPG coal etc

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8
Q

What are vehicle and fuel duties?

A
Vehicle excise duty (road tax)
Fuel duty
Low emission zone
Congestion charge
Toll charges 

Biggest source of env taxes in UK

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9
Q

Road tax? VED

A

Based on emissions

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10
Q

Fuel duty

A

Paid by consumers added to price of fuel

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11
Q

Congestion charge

A

Discourage use of roads

Central London and streets of Durham

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12
Q

Low emissions zone

A

Charges apply to vehicles that don’t meet standards

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13
Q

Tradeable permits

A

Principle covers greenhouse gases
EU greenhouse evade emission trading scheme - collectively agree to reduce
Covers Energy intensive installations across EU
Requires mandatory participation

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14
Q

Tradeable permits three conditions for success

A

Different costs
Trade if potential
Move emissions without serious implications

Spread costs- under permit so sell to someone else so don’t get penalty

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