Misc. Questions Taken From Practice Praxis Tests Flashcards

1
Q

Repetition skills are better preserved in (transcortical motor aphasia; broca’s; global aphasia; or wernickes)

A

transcortical motor aphasia

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2
Q

A specialist uses a bright light source and a small, round, 21–25-mm mirror angled on a long slender handle to lift the velum and press gently against her patient’s posterior pharyngeal wall. Next, the specialist maneuvers the mirror to view the laryngeal structures during quiet respiration and while the patient is producing “eeee.” This procedure is known as ____________

A

indirect laryngoscopy.

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3
Q

infant had bursts and pauses, with about two up-and-down cycles of the jaw per second. this is called..

A

non-nutritive sucking

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4
Q

Which one of the following would NOT be predictable based on the student’s first language of Mandarin?

A

Substitutions of f/th (e.g., fick/thick).

PREDICTABLE OF MANDARIN SPEAKERS:

  • Substitutions of t/th (e.g., tin/thin)
  • Epenthesis in words with consonant blends
  • Confusions of /r/ and /l/
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5
Q

Carhart’s notch is …

A

a specific loss at 2,000 Hz, as indicated by bone-conduction testing.

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6
Q

Which one of the following patterns (in English) would you NOT expect to find in a student who speaks Korean?

A

Substitution of t/k (e.g., tea/key)

PREDICTABLE OF KOREAN SPEAKERS:
Substitution of a/ae (e.g., bock/back)
Final consonant deletion (e.g., be–/bed)
Confusion of r/l (e.g., glow/grow, lay/ray)

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7
Q

What would be an example of the use of the perfective construction been to indicate an action that took place in the distant past?

A

“I been had chicken pox when I was 5.”

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8
Q

Surgical procedure in which a small incision will be made in Adam’s tympanic membranes to relieve pressure. This procedure is known as what?

A

myringotomy (NOT PE tubes!!)

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9
Q

Surgical procedure to repair a ruptured tympanic membrane is called what?

A

myringoplasty

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10
Q

Distinguishing features of neurogenic stuttering include..

A

disfluencies on function words and in imitated speech, lack of adaptation, minimal or no effect of masking noise.

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11
Q

How should you begin assessing a 20-yr-old man with TBI?

A

Pragmatic language skills, production of speech sounds, and comprehension of spoken language skills should be among the main targets of assessment.

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12
Q

A study that is used to quantify the time and frequency of gastroesophageal reflux into the esophagus is called..

A

a pH probe or intraluminal pH monitoring study.

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13
Q

A 55-year old man comes to you stating that he has been sounding hoarse for the last few months. He also states that he has difficulty swallowing, ear pain, and a lump in his neck. He shares with you that he has an ongoing sore throat. You suspect that his diagnosis will probably be:

A

laryngeal cancer

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14
Q

T/F: Some forms of dementia, caused by a toxic reaction to medication, are reversible, especially in their early stages.

A

True

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15
Q

You would diagnose a disorder of fluency (stuttering) when the disfluencies in speech reach..

A

5% of the words spoken.

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16
Q

The Blom-Singer prosthetic device is used by laryngectomees to..

A

shunt air from the trachea to the esophagus so that the patient can speak on pulmonary air that enters the esophagus.

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17
Q

Speech reception thresholds (SRTs) are..

A

the lowest levels of hearing at which a person can understand 50% of the words presented.

18
Q

freq = _______; intensity = _________.

A

freq=jitter; intensity=shimmer.

19
Q

condition in which the surface tissues of the soft or hard palate fuse, but the underlying muscle or bone tissues do not?

A

Submucous or occult cleft palate

20
Q

rating scale of 1-4 for nasality would be a _______ scale.

A

ordinal

21
Q

To determine hearing loss for a 4-yr-old what test do you give?

A

Rinne Test

22
Q

Describe the “response cost method” for working with children who stutter.

A

Present a token for each fluent production and withdraw a token for each disfluency.

23
Q

You decide to use gestural-assisted augmentative and alternative communication with a child who has some proficiency in American Sign Language. Which type of symbols would be helpful to use in this situation?

A

Sig symbols

24
Q

To make distinctions between similar-sounding words like “I scream” and “ice cream,” she uses a combination of suprasegmentals such as intonation and pausing, which mark special distinctions or grammatical divisions in speech. This type of vocal punctuation is also called

A

juncture

25
Q

Which pattern would NOT be typical for a Spanish-speaking student in terms of predictable productions based on Spanish influence?

A

ch/f substitutions (e.g., chan/fan)

PREDICTABLE OF SPANISH SPEAKERS:

  • a/ae substitutions (e.g., block/black)
  • Devoicing of final consonants (e.g., luff/love)
  • t/th substitutions (e.g., ting/thing)
  • Insertion of schwa before word-initial /s/ clusters
  • b/v substitutions
26
Q

Which articulation difference is NOT commonly observed among Asian speakers of English as a second language?

A

t/k substitution (e.g., tin/kin)

PREDICTABLE OF ASIAN SPEAKERS:

  • Confusion of /r/ and /l/
  • Substitution of a/ae (e.g., shock/shack)
  • Shortening of polysyllabic words
27
Q

A silent prolongation is

A

the same as an articulatory posture without voicing.

28
Q

Broca’s area = Brodmann’s area ___?

A

44 and 45

29
Q

You are developing a treatment program for a 30-year-old man with a long history of stuttering. Your brief trial therapy suggests that he could benefit from a fluency shaping procedure. You are now developing specific treatment targets that you would teach. What would those targets be, and in what order would they be taught?

A

Airflow management, gentle phonatory onset, and syllable prolongation, taught in that order.

30
Q

How should you advise a transgender client for someone transitioning to female?

A

A combination of counseling, surgery, and voice therapy to teach more feminine pitch levels and communication patterns would be the best course of action.

31
Q

What does the cover-body theory of phonation state?

A

The epithelium, the superficial layer of the lamina propria, and much of the intermediate layer of the lamina propria vibrate as a “cover” on a relatively stationary “body” that is made up of the remainder of the intermediate layer, the deep layer, and the TA muscle.

32
Q

interference or transfer refers to

A

an error in a student’s second language that is directly produced by the influence of the first language.

33
Q

What are single-subject designs? (describe them, what they are useful for, and state one disadvantage)

A
  • The B phase is the treatment phase.
  • They are useful in establishing treatment efficacy.
  • The multiple-baseline design avoids the disadvantage of treatment withdrawal.
  • A disadvantage is that they cannot efficiently predict the behavior of groups of individuals.
34
Q

T/F: both normal and abnormal brain waves may be found in people who stutter.

A

True

35
Q

A researcher who was developing a new test of language acquisition in children correlated the scores of children studied with the scores on an established test of known validity. What kind of validity is this?

A

Concurrent validity.

36
Q

when vibrating objects return to equilibrium, air molecules become thinner… this is called

A

rarefaction

37
Q

What is a typical production that a 70-yr-old man would say of English influenced by his primary language of Cantonese and not necessarily his current neurological status?

A

“She coming over here now.”

maybe omitting the verb “is” is common of second language learners?

38
Q

What statement best characterizes the “discrete trial procedure?”

A

It is the most researched procedure, and it is useful in establishing the skills, but it may not promote generalization to natural settings.

39
Q

An investigator carries out a study to answer the question of whether an increased rate of sibling speech causes an increase in the frequency of stuttering in children. After pretesting rates of stuttering in selected children and the speech rate of their siblings, the investigator tells the siblings in the control group to speak as they normally would at home. She tells the siblings in the experimental group to speak much more rapidly than they would at home. In this study, what is the dependent variable?

A

Rates of stuttering in the children in both groups

40
Q

Disorders of the oral phase of a swallow are mainly due to

A

an anterior, as opposed to a posterior, tongue movement

41
Q

In the scientific method, what is the experiment-first-and-explain-later approach?

A

Inductive method

42
Q

Public Law 99-457?

A
  • It increased federal support for services to children with disabilities 3-6 yrs and provided funding for infants/toddlers.
  • It requires the development of IEP plans.
  • It allows at-risk preschool children to be eligible for special education services.