Minimally invasive surgery

Question 1

What are minimally invasive surgeries?

Answer 1

surgeries that are less invasive than open s1urgery, same purposes

Question 2

What are 4 types of minimally invasive surgeries?

Answer 2

1. arthroscopic
2. laproscopic
3. endoscopic
4. minimal approach orthopedic surgery

Question 3

What are the advantages of minimally invasive surgery?

Answer 3

1. less tissue damage
2 .shorter hospital stay
3. minimal post-op pain
4. earlier return to function
5. lower infection risk
6. better quality observation
7. better cosmetics

Question 4

What are disadvantages of minimally invasive sugery?

Answer 4

1. referral hospital only
2. equipment expense
3. laparoscopic training
4. increased operative time (learning curve)

Question 5

What is arthroscopy used for?

Answer 5

1. osteochondral chip fractures
2. osteochondrosis
3. subchondral bone cysts
4. diagnostic exploratory
5. assess fracture repair

Question 6

What are the advantages of laparoscopy?

Answer 6

1. observation and access to abdominal organs
2. minimal post-op pain
3. minimal complications

Question 7

what do you distend the abdomen with in laparoscopy

Answer 7

CO2–pressures 8-16mmHg

Question 8

Why is the abdomen inflated with laparoscopy?

Answer 8

1. enter abdomen safely

2. allow proper visualization

Question 9

What are the advantages of standing laparascopy?

Answer 9

surgical acces particularly to dorsal structures

Question 10

What are the advantages of standing laparascopy?

Answer 10

surgical access particularly to dorsal structures

Question 11

What is the epiploic foramen?

Answer 11

bordered by liver, pancreas, vena cava portal vein

Question 12

What position is the horse in for dorsal recumbancy?

Answer 12

trendelenburg position 20-35 degrees down

Question 13

What are 8 laparoscopic procedures?

Answer 13

1. crytorchidectomy
2. ovariectomy
3. diagnostic laparoscopy
4. adhesiolysis
5. closure NSS
6. inguinal herniohaphy
7. colopexy
8. cystorrhaphy

Question 14

What are advantages of the laparoscopic approach? for cryptorchidism

Answer 14

1. ease of location of testes
2. avoid paramedian or inguinal incisions
3. easy return to exercise

Question 15

What are the two approaches to equine cryptorchidism?

Answer 15

1. dorsal recumbancy

2. standing

Question 16

Which horses are not good candidates for standing laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy?

Answer 16

1. foals
   miniature horse
   horses that are difficult to handle

Question 17

What are endloop ligatures

Answer 17

used to lasso the testes

Question 18

What are the advantages of standing laparoscopic ovariectomy

Answer 18

1. visibility
2. access
3. tension free ligation
4. secure hemostasis
5. avoid general anesthesia

Question 19

What are methods of hemostasis for ovarioectomy?

Answer 19

1. endloop ligature
2. roeder knot
3. bipolar or monopolar electrosurgical foreps
4. vessel-sealing device
5. harmonic scalpel
6. stapling instrument
7. high power ultrasonic shears
   8 YAG laser
8. vascular clips

Question 20

What are methods of hemostasis for ovarioectomy?

Answer 20

1. endloop ligature
2. roeder knot
3. bipolar or monopolar electrosurgical foreps
4. vessel-sealing device
5. harmonic scalpel
6. stapling instrument
7. high power ultrasonic shears
   8 YAG laser
8. vascular clips

Question 21

What are the advantages of endloops?

Answer 21

1. excellent hemostasis

2. cost effective

Question 22

What are the disadvantages of endloops

Answer 22

1. ligature slippage

2. ovarian tumors too large, not adequate hemostasis

Question 23

When is laparoscopy a useful diagnostic tool?

Answer 23

1. recurrent colic
2. chronic colic
3. persistent weight loss

for biopsy

Question 24

Why would you close nephrosplenic space?

Answer 24

to prevent left dorsal displacement of large colon–recurrence rate 21%