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Flashcards in Milk 2 Deck (19)
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1
Q

Background trend

A
  • increasing aged population (by 2030 30% population > 60 yrs old)
  • Obesity increase in UK F & M
  • Type 2 diabetes
2
Q

Metabolic syndrome can be linked to

A
  • Genetic Factor

- Diet

3
Q

Calcium intake in UK female is

A

on average 11- 19 yrs old mean intake is not meeting the recommended lv

4
Q

why Calcium is important

A
  • 90% of adult skeleton formed age 18
  • Up to 25% of children aged 11-14 have sub-optimal Ca intakes
  • Up to 20% of children aged 15-18 have sub-optimal Ca intakes
  • Girls usually worse
  • May have implications for bone strength
    in later life
5
Q

Most iodine intake comes from

A
  • milk and dairy
  • fish

[Rose et al., 2001; Henderson et al., 2003]

6
Q

Recent studies of UK iodine status

A

deficiency shown in:
Women of childbearing age [Bath et al. 2008; Rayman et al. 2008; Lampropoulou et al 2012]

Pregnant women [Kibirige et al. 2004/ Barnett et al. 2002/ Bath et al. 2010/ Pearce et al 2010]

7
Q

Major mineral nutrient density

A

Na from Meat

Ca & P from dairy

8
Q

Water soluble vitamin density

A

Vit C, vit B12, Ribo from dairy

very small amount of Vit B6 from meat

9
Q

Milk has high unsaturated fat content T/F

A

false

it has high saturated fat

10
Q

Fat and SFA intake in UK

A
  • Fat intake % is very close to target in most groups

- SFA intake % is way above target in most group

11
Q

Fatty acid profile of milk fat

A

mainly long chain saturated fat & monounsaturated fat C9

12
Q

Sources of saturated fats in EU diet

A

mostly from dairy, then meat

Hulshof et al., 1999

13
Q

Milk, Dairy Products and CVD risk

A

Meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies shows dietary dairy products (mainly milk) has no significant link to cardiovascular disease incidence [Elwood et al., 2010]

On the other hand, there is benefit:
= Other cardioprotective components in milk
= SFA profile may not represent as great a risk as traditionally thought

14
Q

Dairy consumption is inversely related

to the metabolic syndrome

A

Azadbakht et al., 2005

15
Q

WHAT GIVES MILK FUNCTIONALITY?

A

Milk-a rich source of bioactive peptides
= opioid agonist
= Antithrombotic
= ACE inhibitor

16
Q

Engberink et al., 2009

A

Hazard ratios (and 95% CIs) for 2-y incidence of hypertension by quartile dairy product intake in 2245 Dutch adults aged >=55 y

17
Q

Dietary strategies to reduce milk SFA

A
= Basal forage type
= Forage conservation
= Forage:concentrate ratio
= Inclusion of oilseeds
= Inclusion of other fat sources
18
Q

Effect of reducing SFA in milk fat on total cholesterol

A

reduce plasma total chloestrol

19
Q

Milk and Cancers

A
Relative risk (95% CI) of colo-rectal cancer in high milk/dairy subgroup 
[Elwood, Givens et al., JACN 2008]

Prostate cancer-prospective studies of milk
and milk products
[ Gao et al. ,2005]