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Mass communication > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

0
Q

Deregulation

A

Government action that reduces government restrictions on the business operations of an industry

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1
Q

Concentration of ownership

A

The current trend of large companies owning smaller companies so that fewer companies own more types of media businesses

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2
Q

Convergence

A

The melding of communications, computer and electronics industries

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3
Q

Vertical integration

A

An attempt by one company to simultaneously control several related aspects of the media business

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4
Q

Medium

A

The means by which a message reaches the audience

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5
Q

Copy right

A

The exclusive legal right given to the originator

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6
Q

Interpersonal communication

A

The exchange of information between two or more people

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7
Q

Mass communication

A

Communication from one person/group of people through a transmitting device to large audiences or markets

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8
Q

Royalty fees

A

An amount the publisher pays an author based on an established percentage of the book’s price; royalties run anywhere from 6 to 15%

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9
Q

Libelous

A

A statement is libelous if it damages a person’s character by exposing that person to public ridicule or contempt

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10
Q

Penny press

A

Selling a newspaper for a penny and supporting production costs through advertising

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11
Q

Yellow journalism

A

Exaggerating stories to draw in audiences

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12
Q

Syndication

A

Individual stations buy programs outside of the network system

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13
Q

Muckrakers

A

Investigative magazine journalists who targeted abuses by government and big business

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14
Q

Cultivation theory

A

Reality of TV becomes the reality of life

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15
Q

Priming theory

A

Children copy the behaviors they see on TV

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16
Q

Social learning theory

A

Our social behaviors are formed by what we see in the media

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17
Q

Magic bullet theory

A

The assertion that media messages directly and measurably affect people’s behavior

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18
Q

Agenda setting

A

The belief that journalists don’t tell you what to think but do tell you what to think about

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19
Q

Cross ownership

A

The practice of one company owning TV and radio stations in the same broadcast market

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20
Q

Payola

A

The practice of accepting payment to play specific recordings on the air

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21
Q

Narrowcasting

A

Segmenting the radio audience

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22
Q

Studio system

A

An early method of hiring a stable of salaried stars and production people under exclusive contracts to a specific studio

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23
Q

Star system

A

Promoting popular movie personalities to lure audiences

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24
Q

Blacklisting

A

Studio owners’ refusal to hire someone who was suspected of taking part in subversive activities

25
Q

Demographics

A

Data about consumers’ characteristics, such as age, occupation, and income level

26
Q

Freelancers

A

Writers who are not on the staff of a magazine but who are paid for each individual article published.

27
Q

File Sharing

A

The peer-to-peer distribution of copyrighted material on the Internet without the copyright owner’s permission.

28
Q

Block booking

A

The practice of requiring theaters to take a package of movies instead of showing the movies individually.

29
Q

Black listing

A

Studio owners’ refusal to hire someone who was suspected of taking part in subversive activities.

30
Q

Blog

A

A running Internet discussion group, where items are posted in reverse chronological order and usually focus on a specific topic.

31
Q

Convergence

A

The melding of the communications, computer and electronics industries.

32
Q

Digital divide

A

The lack of access to digital technology among low income, rural and minority groups.

33
Q

Public domain

A

Publications, products, and processes that are not protected by copyright and thus are available free to the public.

34
Q

Search engine

A

The tool used to locate information in a computer database

35
Q

Wiki

A

Technology that allows many users to collaborate to create and update internet pages.

36
Q

Crisis communication

A

A timely public relations response to a critical situation that could cause damage to a company’s reputation.

37
Q

Public relations

A

Creating understanding for, or goodwill toward, a company, a person, or a product.

38
Q

Media content analysis

A

An attempt to analyze how mass media programming influences behavior.

39
Q

Spiral of silence

A

The belief that people with divergent views may be reluctant to challenge the consensus of opinion offered by the media.

40
Q

Censorship

A

The practice of suppressing material that is considered morally, politically, or otherwise objectionable.

41
Q

Intellectual property

A

The legal right of ownership of ideas and content published in any medium.

42
Q

Ethics

A

The rules or standards that govern someone’s conduct.

43
Q

Disinformation

A

The intentional planting of false information by government sources.

44
Q

Ethnocentric

A

Promoting the superiority of one ethnic group over another.

45
Q

Aristotle’s golden mean

A

“the mean between two extremes”, moderation and compromise.

46
Q

Kant’s categorical imperative

A

“Act on the maxim which you will to become a universal law”, make decisions based on principles that you want to be universally applied.

47
Q

Mill’s principle of utility

A

“Seek the greatest happiness for the greatest number”

48
Q

Rawl’s veil of ignorance

A

“Justice emerges when negotiating without social differentiations”, asks everyone to work from a sense of liberty and basic respect for everyone.

49
Q

Judeo-Christian view of persons as end in themselves

A

“Love thy neighbor”, treat others the way you want to be treated

50
Q

The Soviet theory

A

Government owns and operates the mass media

51
Q

The Authoritarian theory

A

Can either be publicly or privately owned

52
Q

Libertarian Theory

A

People who are given all the information on an issue will be able to discern what is true and what is false and will make good choices. The media will present all points of view.

53
Q

The Social responsibility theory

A

Access the concept of a libertarian press but prescribes what the media should do. Advocates government oversight for media that don’t act in society’s best interest.

54
Q

The developmental theory

A

The media can be privately owned but usually are ones by the government.

55
Q

FCC (Federal Communications Commission)

A

Enforces rules that govern the broadcast media.

56
Q

Qualified privilege

A

The freedom of the press to report what is discussed during legislative and court proceedings.

57
Q

Shield laws

A

Laws that protect journalists from revealing their sources and the information that is communicated between journalists and their sources in a journalistic relationship.

58
Q

Prior restraint

A

Government censorship of information before the information is published or broadcast.

59
Q

Media effects research

A

An attempt to analyze how people use the information they receive from the media.

60
Q

Persuasion

A

The act of using argument or reasoning to induce someone to do something.

61
Q

Cyber smears

A

Negative information organized and presented on the Internet as continuing attacks against a corporation.

Mass communication (1 decks)

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