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International Relations > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

What is a State?

A

An independent legal entity with a government, that exercises control over its territory and population.

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2
Q

What is a Nation?

A

People who associate themselves within a certain group that share the same ethnicity, culture, or language.

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3
Q

What is State Sovereignty?

A

An independent state w/ supreme authority to manage internal affairs, and foreign relations.

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4
Q

What is an Actor?

A

An Indiv. Group, State, or Org. that plays a major role in world politics.

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5
Q

What is an Ethnic Group?

A

People whose identity’s defined by sharing a common ancestral nationality, language, and cultural heritage.

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6
Q

What is Mirror Imaging?

A

To see others the same hostile way others see them. (State or people).

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7
Q

What are Enduring Rivalries?

A

Mutual hatred that leads actors to feud for a while without resolution.

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8
Q

What is Anarchy?

A

Actors in the global system have few if any overarching institutions to solve conflict.

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9
Q

What is Cognitive Dissonance?

A

Rejecting new information because it’s not consistent with preexisting beliefs.

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10
Q

What is Schematic Reasoning?

A

Based on our current perceptions this is how we interpret new information.

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11
Q

What does the Indiv. Level of Analysis focus on?

A

People(Who make foreign policy decisions for the state and other global actors)

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12
Q

What does the State Level of Analysis focus on?

A

How the characteristics of states affect foreign policy. (EX: RICH V POOR/ COMM/ CAPITAL. DEM V AUTHORITARIAN)

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13
Q

What does the Global Level of Analysis focus on?

A

The system, Ex: Anarchy, economic system, and Polarity.

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14
Q

What is Realism?

A

Power. States are the greatest actor, and humans are selfish and evil.

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15
Q

What is Liberalism?

A

Cooperation. believes anarchy and war can be policed by institutional reforms.

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16
Q

What is Constructivism?

A

Ideas and norms, and how foreign policy is affected by these things.

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17
Q

What is Zero- Sum?

A

An exchange in which what is gained by one is lost by another.

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18
Q

What is Positive Sum Gains?

A

A win- win situation where no one person benefits more.

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19
Q

What is Collective Security?

A

An security regime set by Great power to keep peace. but an act of aggression from any state will be met by a response from the rest of the states.

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20
Q

What is Dependency Theory?

A

Because of global capitalism less developed countries are dependent on rich countries that create rules for trade and production.

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21
Q

What is Marxism?

A

Great powers conquering foreign people by military power and creating colonies for financial exploitation.

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22
Q

What is the Feminist Critique?

A

All of the theories are gender based, and masculinity causes certain outcomes.

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23
Q

What is Rational Choice Theory?

A

A cost-benefit analysis determining what the best option is to achieve the highest goals.

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24
Q

What does the Bureaucratic Politics Model state?

A

Foreign policy choices based on bargaining and compromises among competing gov. agencies

25
Q

What does the History-Making Individuals model state/ Examples?

A

Certain policy choices (That affect course of history) are made because of a certain person in office (EX: Hitler, or Bush Doctrine)

26
Q

What are Policy Agendas?

A

The changing list of problems to which Gov. pay special attention at any given moment.

27
Q

What is Groupthink?

A

Making decisions as a group in a way that discourages creativity or individual responsibility

28
Q

What is Polarity?

A

The number of centers of powers based on military and economic power.

29
Q

What does the Bush Doctrine State?

A

Under George Bush Admin. This was the policy that stated the US will make decisions to meet america’s national interest and not listen to any other countries.

30
Q

What does Prospect Theory state?

A

People base their choices off of potential gains and losses (People w/ gains- Risk Averese, People with losses- Risk seeking.)

31
Q

What is Game Theory?

A

Outcome are determined by the choice of all actors, not just one single actors preference.

32
Q

What are the causes of the Cold War on a Global Level of analysis?

A

Realism-Power transition propelled US/USSR to top of global power hierarchy- competing alliances, the US trying to contain communism.

33
Q

What are the causes of the Cold war on the State level of Analysis?

A

Ideological struggle, w/ belief that capitalism and communism could not peacefully co-exist.

34
Q

What are the causes of the Cold war on the Individual level of analysis?

A

Constructed perspectives of each others motives, and mirror imaging. EX: Reagan’s tough policy and arms race Truman doctrine.

35
Q

What are the consequences of the Cold war?

A

Devolution of USSR, US Hegemony, Communism no longer a contending theory, Unipolarity.

36
Q

What is Hegemony?

A

A single powerful state that exercises predominant influence over global actors

37
Q

What is Systemic Change?

A

When there is a change in polarity, ex:Multi, Bi, and Uni.

38
Q

What is Nationalism?

A

glorifying a certain states interest as the supreme value.

39
Q

What is Colonialism?

A

when an external sovereign power rules a region.

40
Q

What is Imperialism?

A

Extending a country’s power and influence through diplomacy or military force.

41
Q

What is Structuralism?

A

The changing distribution of power in an anarchical system determines the behaviors of states.

42
Q

What are the role of International Orgs?

A

Maintain international peace ad stability through the act of the international communities interest instead of just one state.

43
Q

What is the Global North?

A

Wealthy industrialized countries, located primarily in the northern hemisphere.

44
Q

What is the Global South?

A

Less-Developed countries, located primarily in the southern hemisphere. known as “Third World”

45
Q

What is Third World?

A

It is a cold war term for the global south because of the other countries bsides the bipolar.

46
Q

What is the First World?

A

Cold war term for Global North Democracies.

47
Q

What are Small Powers?

A

Countries with limited political, military, or economic capabilities and influence.

48
Q

What are Emerging Powers?

A

Countries with rising econ, militia, and politics. that seek a ore assertive role in intl relations.

49
Q

What is Decolonization?

A

Process in which sovereign independence was achieved by previously colon. countries.

50
Q

What is Mercantilism?

A

A gov. trade strategy for accumulating state wealth and power. encourage exports no imports. internal growth/wealth.

51
Q

What is Liberal econ theory?

A

Free markets, trade, and choice, Laissez-Faire.

52
Q

What is Laissez-Faire?

A

Limited Gov. interference.

53
Q

What is the difference between Modernazation/ Dependency theory?

A

Modernization- W/ the certain policies and structures countries can become apart pf global south
Dependency-Countries in GS rely too much on global north help to progress.

54
Q

What’s the difference between Import-Substitution industrialization, and Export led Growth?

A

ISI- Focuses on buying domestic discorages buying imported

ELG- Focuses on upward mobility by selling certain things that the world needs.

55
Q

What is the difference between IGO’S And NGO’S

A

IGO’S- (UN) Collection of states that maintain global peace and stability
NGO’S- A collection of individuals advocating for a certain policy (WWF)

56
Q

What is Responsible Sovereignty?

A

A principle that requires states to protect not only their own people but to protect global resources and transnational threats.

57
Q

What are Violent Extremist Groups?

A

Religious extremist seeking Gov. change, or Ethnic/national groups seeking the same/ self-determination.

58
Q

What are Multinational Corporations?

A

has facilities in at least one other country, and are Advocates of liberal free trade, and impacts state sovereignty and politics.

59
Q

How do multinational corps impact state sovereignty and politics?

A

They have ability to transfer profits to avoid taxes,and production to avoid legal regulations.

International Relations (9 decks)

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