Composers of the Classical era (3)
Mozart, Beethoven, Hayden
Composers of the Baroque era (7)
Handel, Monteverdi, Purcell, Vivaldi, Scarlatti, Lully, Rameau
Composers of the Bel Canto era (3)
Rossini, Belini, Donezetti
composers of french 19th century opera(5)
Meyerbeer, Bizet, Gounod, Offenbach, Massenet
People responible for opera reforms between the Classical and Baroque era
Gluck, Zeno, and Metastasio
What were Glucks thoughts on opera of his time
Too ornate
wanted to focus on the importance of DRAMA
How did Zeno and Metastasio reform opera
opera was to take place in a 24 hour period
less characters(6-8)
eliminated comic scenes (Opera Seria)
Created the exit aria
types of Reccitative
Accompagnato
Secco
Accompagnato reccitative
Full orchestra with basso continuo
Secco Reccitative
chordal instrument with basso continuo (harpsichord and cello)
what composer is known for his comic operas and name one
Rossini-Barber of Seville
what two composers are known for their tragic operas?
Donezetti and Belini
What elements were found in Donezetti and Belini’s tragic operas
mad scene, tragedy, and death
Grand opera
exotic plots, biblical themes, big chorus
What is the distiction between opera comique and grand opera?
Opera-comique not nocessarily comiv, although it has its origins in cmmedia dell’arte and parodies of tragedie-lyrique
Le devin du village (1752)
Rousseau
Big names in opera comique
Philidor, Monsigny, Gretry,Delibes, Saint-saens, Massenet, Chabrier, Lalo, Gounod, Bizet
Dance styles in opera-comique
polonaise, polka, waltz
Richard, Coeur de Lion
Gretry
Guillaume Tell
Rossini
Robert le diable
Meyerbeer
Les Huguenots
Meyerbeer
Le Roi de Lahore
Massenet
When did the death of opera seria come about?
Social changes around the time of the French revolution and the popularity of opera buffa
Bel canto as a historical term
The operas of Rossini, Bellini, and Doizetti that require tremendous technical facility from their singersmid1820’s-early1840s
Bel canto as a technique
singer is instructed to expand the abdominal area during inhalation while keeping an open throat, aim for a mask placement, and work to maintain vocal flexibility
Lucia di Lammermoor
Donizetti
L’Elisir d’amore
Donizetti
La Fille du regiment
Donizetti
Don Pasquale
Donizetti
La Sonnambula
Bellini
I Puritani
Bellini
I Capuleti e i Montecchi
Bellini
Anna Bolena
Donizetti
When did the revival of the bel canto era have a revival?
after WWII ( Maria Callas, Joan Sutherland, Beverly Sills, and Marilyn Horne)
The Three Queen Operas
Anna Bolena, Roberto Devereux, and Maria Stuarda (Donizetti)
La Cenerentola
Rossini
L’Italiana in Algieri
Rossini
Sehnsucht
Romantic ideal- Longing for the unknown and unknowable ( even that which does not exist)
Romanticism began with…
Premier of Victor Hugo’s Hernani/ Berlioz’s Symphonie Fantasitque
Sorrows of Young Wether, Faust, and Wilhelm Meister
Goethe
Fidelio
Beethoven
Rescue Opera
People could save people rather than the gods saving people. Ordinary people could do extrordinary things
Commedia dell’arte
(the art of comedy)
charicters were real peopl
La Serva Padrone
Pegolesi
Abduction for the Seraglio
Mozart
Marriage of Figaro
Mozart
Don Giovanni
Mozart
Cosi fan Tutte
Mozart
Mozart’s librestist
Lorenzo da Ponte
The French hated castrati, therefore they used
haute-contre
Beginning of french opera
1660’s
founder of the french overature
Lully
Alceste
Lully
Cadmus and Hesione
Lully
Dido and Aeneas
Purcell
Orfeo 1607
Monteverdi
Arianna 1608
Monteverdi
Il Ritorno D’ulisse
Monteverdi
Coronazione di Poppea
Monteverdi
First opera
Dafne (Corsi, Peri, Rinuccini) Lost
Euridice 1600
Corsi and Peri
Euridice 1602
Caccini
Two most important compers of french opera in the Baroque Period
Lully, Rameau
Monteverdi’s first opera
Orfeo
Baroque english opera composers
Pucell and Handel
formal structure of da capo aria
ABA
Formal characteristics of the French ocerature
ABAprime form-Lully
Giulio Cesare in Egitto
Handel
Goals of the Camerata di Bardi
Dramatization of the text and music to be the centerpiece of opera
Orfeo ed Euridice
Gluck and Metastasio
Opera buffas
comic operas (mozart)
Dramma giocoso
drama with funny elements
Der Freischutz
Weber
Zar und Zimmermann
Lortzing
Tales of Hoffman
Offenbach
Nabucco
Verdi
La Traviata
Verdi
Libretist for Falstaff and Otello
Arrigo Boito
Manon
Massenet
Manon les caut
Puccini
Thuis
Massenet
Werther
Massenet
Les Troyons
Berlioz
Beatrice et Benedict
Berlioz
Benvento Cellini
Berlioz