Middle Class Crime Flashcards

1
Q

What is white-collar crime?

A

Crime committed by a person abusing their position at work for personal gain

Usually associated with middle-class crime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the three types of white-collar crime?

A

Occupational crime

State crime

Corporate crime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is occupational crime?

A

Crimes committed by employees at the expense of their organisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is state crime?

A

Crimes committed for the benefit of a government

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is corporate crime?

A

Crimes committed for the benefit of an organisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the five types of corporate crime?

A

Crimes against consumers

Crimes against employees

Environmental crimes

Financial fraud

State corporate crime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are crimes against consumers?

A

Include:

  • the manufacture and sale of faulty goods
  • breach of health and safety regulations
  • counterfeit clothing
  • sale of food and drink unfit for consumption etc.

e.g. Thalidomide - drug given to pregnant women as a cure for morning sickness, hadn’t been tested properly and resulted in physical deformities at birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are crimes against employees?

A

Includes failure to meet health and safety at work leading to injury or death of employees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are environmental crimes?

A

Includes:

  • companies who deliberately pollute water/air
  • illegally dump hazardous/toxic waste

e.g. VW emissions scandal - cheated EU emissions test in order to sell cars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is financial fraud?

A

Includes:

  • false accounting
  • insurance frauds
  • false claims by sellers about benefits of pensions or saving schemes etc.

e.g. Enron, US energy company whose false accounting made them appear more successful than they were

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is state-corporate crime?

A

Crimes committed due to the cooperation of the state and businesses to pursue a common goal

e.g. Challenger disaster 1986

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do Marxists argue about crime in a capitalist society?

A

Argue its inevitable as powerful businesses pursue greater profits

Capitalism is criminogenic - some may turn to crime to achieve this

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do Marxists argue about the scale of corporate crime?

A

Scale of corporate crime is more serious than street crime

Involves far more victims and sums of money

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What do critical criminologists argue about the state and corporate crime?

A

Argue the state ignores corporate crime and only focuses on street crime, making crime appear a WC phenomenon and ensuring crimes of the powerful are ignored

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the criticisms of Marxist views of corporate crime?

A

Strength - recognises many incidents that may appear to be an ‘accident’ are actually the result of criminal actions

Weakness - left realists argue peoples real fears of crime are street crime not corporate crime

Weakness - overpredicts corporate crime, not all corporations will commit crime and punishments do occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly