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A+ 220-801, 220-802 Q&A > Messer 220-802 > Flashcards

Messer 220-802 Flashcards

1
Q

Windows XP Home/Professional minimum requirements

A 
Processor: 233 MHz
Memory: 64 MB RAM
Free disk space: 1.5 GBs
Optical Drive: CD-ROM/DVD-ROM
Video: SVGA (800x600)
Input: Mouse and keyboard
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2
Q

Windows XP Home/Professional recommended requirements

A 
Processor: 300 MHz
Memory: 128 MB RAM
Free disk space: 1.5 GBs
Optical Drive: CD-ROM/DVD-ROM
Video: SVGA (800x600)
Input: Mouse and keyboard
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3
Q

Windows XP Media Center minimum requirements

A 
Processor: 1.6 GHz
Memory: 256 MBs
Free disk space: 60 GBs
Disk requirements: DVD-ROM
Video: 1024x768
Input devices: keyboard and mouse
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4
Q

Windows XP Media Center maximum

A 
Processor: Two physical CPUs
Memory: 4 GB RAM
Free disk space 256 TB
Disk Requirements: DVD-ROM
Video: High resolution
Input devices: Remote control, 4 tuners
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5
Q

Windows Vista Home Basic minimum requirements

A

Processor: 800 MHz
Memory: 512 MB RAM
Hard rive size/free space: 20 GB/15 GB
Video: 32 MB graphics RAM

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6
Q

Windows Vista Home Premium/Ultimate/Business/Enterprise minimum requirements

A

Processor: 1 GHz
Memory: 1 GB RAM
Hard drive space/free space: 40 GB/15 GB
Video: 128 MB graphics RAM

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7
Q

Windows 7 (x86) minimum requirements

A

Processor: 1 GHz
Memory: 1 GB RAM
Free disk space: 16 GB
Video: DirectX 9 graphics device with WDDM 1.0 or higher driver

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8
Q

Windows 7 (x64) minimum requirements

A

Processor: 1 GHz
Memory: 2 GB RAM
Free disk space: 20 GB
Video: DirectX 9 graphics device with WDDM 1.0 or higher driver

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9
Q

Windows 7 Starter features

A

2 GB x86 RAM

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10
Q

Windows Home Premium features

A 
DVD playback
Aero
ICS
IIS
4 GBs x86 RAM
16 GBs x64 RAM
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11
Q

Windows 7 Professional features

A 
DVD playback
Aero
ICS
IIS
Domain membership
EFS
4 GB x86 RAM
192 GB x64 RAM
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12
Q

Windows Ultimate/Enterprise features

A 
DVD playback
Aero
ICS
IIS
Domain membership
EFS
Bitlocker
4 GB x86 RAM
192 GB x64 RAM
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13
Q

Aero

A

Windows 7 enhanced graphical interfact

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14
Q

ICS

A

Internet Connection Sharing

One computer provides the internet for multiple devices

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15
Q

IIS

A

Internet Information Services

Microsoft’s web server

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16
Q

EFS

A

Encrypting File System

Filesystem-level encryption of all data

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17
Q

Windows XP Home can upgrade to

A

Vista Home Basic
Vista Home Premium
Vista Business
Vista Ultimate

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18
Q

Windows XP Professional can upgrade to

A

Vista Business

Vista Ultimate

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19
Q

Windows XP Media Center can upgrade to

A

Vista Home Premium

Vista Ultimate

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20
Q

Windows Vista Home Basic can upgrade to

A

Windows 7 Home Basic
Windows 7 Home Premium
Windows 7 Ultimate

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21
Q

Windows Vista Home Premium can upgrade to

A

Windows 7 Home Premium

Windows 7 Ultimate

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22
Q

Windows Vista Business can upgrade to

A

Windows 7 Professional
Windows 7 Ultimate
Windows 7 Enterprise

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23
Q

Windows Vista Ultimate can upgrade to

A

Windows 7 Ultimate

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24
Q

Windows Vista Enterprise can upgrade to

A

Windows 7 Enterprise

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25
Q

ipconfig

A

Windows tcp/ip configuration

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26
Q

ipconfig /all

A

Show all tcp/ip details

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27
Q

ipconfig /release

A

Release the DHCP lease

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28
Q

ipconfig /renew

A

Renew the DHCP lease

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29
Q

ipconfig /flushdns

A

Flush the DNS resolver cache

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30
Q

Ping

A

Test reachability to another network node/resource

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31
Q

ping

A

Test reachability to a tcp/ip address

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32
Q

ping -t

A

Ping until stopped with Control-C

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33
Q

ping -a

A

Resolve address to a hostname

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34
Q

ping -n

A

Send a # of echo requests

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35
Q

ping -f

A

Send with Don’t Fragment flag set

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36
Q

tracert

A

Determine the route a packet takes to a destination
Takes advantage of ICMP Time to Live Exceeded error message
Not all devices will reply with ICMP Time Exceeded messages

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37
Q

nslookup

A

Lookup information from DNS servers

Canonical names, IP addresses, cache timers, etc

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38
Q

netstat

A

Network statistics

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39
Q

netstat -a

A

Show active connections

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40
Q

netstat -b

A

show binaries

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41
Q

netstat -n

A

Do not resolve names

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42
Q

nbtstat

A

Query NetBIOS over tcp/ip information

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43
Q

nbtstat -n

A

List local NetBIOS names

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44
Q

nbtstat -A

A

List remote netBIOS names

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45
Q

nbstat -a

A

List remore NetBIOS

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46
Q

net

A

Windows network commands

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47
Q

net use

A

Connect to a resource

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48
Q

net view

A

List available resources

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49
Q

net start /net stop

A

Start or stop Windows services

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50
Q

fixmbr [device-name]

A

Fix the MBR on Windows XP

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51
Q

bootrec /fixmbr

A

Fix the MBR on Windows Vista/7

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52
Q

fixboot [drive]

A

Fix the boot sector on Windows XP

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53
Q

bootrec /fixboot

A

Fix the boot sector on Windows Vista/7

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54
Q

diskpart

A

Disk partitioner

Replaces the Pre-Windows XP fdisk command

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55
Q

format

A

Format a disk

Prepares a disk for use by the Operating System

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56
Q

chkdsk

A

Check Disk

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57
Q

chkdsk /f

A

Fixes logical errors on the disk

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58
Q

chkdsk /r

A

Locates bad sectors and recovers information

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59
Q

md

A

Make directory

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60
Q

cd

A

Change directory

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61
Q

rd

A

Remove directory

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62
Q

dir

A

List files and directory in current location

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63
Q

del

A

Remove a file from a directory or disk

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64
Q

copy

A

Duplicates files

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65
Q

copy /v

A

Verifies that new files are written correctly

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66
Q

copy /y

A

Suppresses overwrite prompts

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67
Q

xcopy

A

Copies multiple files and directory trees

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68
Q

robocopy

A

Functionality replaces xcopy

Designed to handle NTFS file system details

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69
Q

tasklist

A

Displays a list of currently running processes for the local or a remote device

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70
Q

taskkill

A

Terminates tasks by process id (PID) or image name

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71
Q

sfc

A

System File Checker

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72
Q

sfc /scannow

A

Runs the System File Checker

Scans the integrity of all protected file systems

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73
Q

shutdown

A

Shuts down a computer

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74
Q

FAT32

A 
File Allocation Table
Native support in Windows 2000 and newer
Some older Windows versions provided limited support
Larger (2 TB) volume sizes
Maximum file size of 4 GBs
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75
Q

NTFS

A

NT File System
Windows NT, 2000, XP, Server 2003, Server 2008, Vista, 7
Quotas, file compression, encryption, symbolic links, large file support, security, recoverability

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76
Q

CDFS

A

Compact Disc File System
ISO 9660 standard
All operating systems can read the CD

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77
Q

Quick format

A

Wipes data from the drive and performs no additional checks

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78
Q

Full format

A

Wipes data from the drive
Checks for bad sectors
Time consuming

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79
Q

Primary partitions

A

Bootable partitions
Maximum of four primary partitions per disk
One of the primary partitions can be marked as active

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80
Q

Extended partitions

A

Used for extending the maximum number of partitions
One extended partition per hard disk (optional)
Contains additional logical partitions
Logical partitions inside an extended partition aren’t bootable

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81
Q

Computer Management

A

A pre-built Microsoft Management Console

Includes System Tools, Storage, and Services and Applications

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82
Q

Device Manager

A

View the status of all device drivers

Enable and disable hardware devices

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83
Q

Users and Groups

A

Manage access to the OS

Administrators and Guest users

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84
Q

Local Security Policy

A

Administration of security rules

Password policy, account lockout policy, etc.

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85
Q

Performance monitor

A

Gather long-term statistics

Set alerts, store statistics

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86
Q

Windows Services

A

Manage background processes
Start, stop, manage automatic start
Start with services.msc

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87
Q

System Configuration

A

msconfig

Manage boot processes, startup, services, etc.

88
Q

Task scheduler

A

Schedule an application or batch file

89
Q

Component Services

A

Device COM+ Management, Event Viewer, Services

90
Q

Data Sources

A

Administer ODBC drivers and connectivity

91
Q

Print Management

A

Manage printers from one central console

92
Q

Memory Diagnostics

A

Perform a hardware check on your RAM (Vista and 7)

93
Q

Windows Firewall

A

Allows or denies data transfer over the network

Advanced Security provide additional security options in the rules

94
Q

Task Manager

A

Real-time system statistics

CPU, memory, disk access

95
Q

Disk Management

A

Administer disk-related operations

Drive status, adding drives, adding arrays

96
Q

Side-by-Side

A

Simultaneous move between two PCs

97
Q

Wipe-and-Load

A

Export data, load new OS, and import

98
Q

File and Settings Transfer Wizard

A

Migrate from Windows 95, 98, 98 SE, ME, NT 4.0, 2000, XP, and Server 2003 to Windows XP

99
Q

Windows Easy Transfer

A

Migrate from Windows XP, Vista, or 7

100
Q

User State Migration Tool

A

Command line migration

101
Q

regedit

A

Registry Editor

Can be used to backup and restore parts of the registry (hives)

102
Q

Windows Registry

A

Large master database of Windows settings

Used by the kernel, drivers, and services

103
Q

mmc

A

Microsoft Management Console
Build your own management framework
Choose from a list of snap-ins
A number of built in tools to manage Windows

104
Q

mstsc

A

Microsoft Terminal Services Client
Remote Desktop Connection
Access a desktop on another computer
Commonly used to manage “headless” servers

105
Q

Notepad

A

View and edit text files

Can create scripts and web pages

106
Q

Explorer

A

File management

View, copy, and launch files

107
Q

msinfo32

A

Windows System Information
Hardware resources - Memory, DMA, IRQs
Components - Multimedia, input, network
Software environment - Drivers, print jobs

108
Q

dxdiag

A

DirectX Diagnostics Tools
Manage your DirectX installation
Multimedia API
Generic diagnostic tool for audio and video

109
Q

Internet Options

A

Windows browser and proxy configuration

110
Q

Display

A

Resolution options, text size

111
Q

User Accounts

A

Local user account names and types

112
Q

Folder Options

A

Manage Windows Explorer options

113
Q

System

A

Computer information, OS version

114
Q

Security Center

A

Central security overview

Anti-virus, anti-spyware, automatic updates

115
Q

Windows Firewall

A

Control Network Access, protect from attacks

116
Q

Power Options

A

Manage power use

Display, storage devices, hibernation options

117
Q

Home Groups

A

Windows 7

Easily share documents, pictures, music, video

118
Q

Action Center

A

Windows 7

Consolidated alert view for updates and security

119
Q

RemoteApp and Desktop Connections

A

Windows 7
Remote applications look like they’re local
Applications are configured on the server

120
Q

Troubleshooting

A

Windows 7

High-level diagnostics

121
Q

Tablet PC settings

A

Windows Vista

Handedness, handwriting recognition, display

122
Q

Pen and Input Devices

A

Windows Vista

Tap options, pointer options, flicks

123
Q

Offline Files

A

Windows Vista

Disk usage, encryption, and network options

124
Q

Problem Reports and Solutions

A

Windows Vista

Automatic problem identification

125
Q

Printers

A

Windows Vista

Common console for printer management

126
Q

Add/Remove Programs

A

XP

Programs, Windows components, program access

127
Q

Network Connections

A

XP
Local, VPN, serial infrared, etc.
Change Firewall settings

128
Q

Network Setup Wizard

A

XP

Step-by-step network setup

129
Q

Printers and Faxes

A

XP
Start, pause, share printers
Add a fax

130
Q

Automatic Updates

A

XP

Security patches, OS updates

131
Q

Wired

A

Ethernet cable

The fastest connection is the default route

132
Q

Wireless

A

Network name - SSID Service Set Identifier

Use either WPA or WPA2

133
Q

Wireless Wide Area Network

A

WWAN

Network using mobile providers

134
Q

Dialup

A

Uses a modem and standard phone lines

135
Q

VPN Concentrator

A

Establish a private network from remote locations

Windows includes a built-in VPN client

136
Q

Speed and Duplex

A

Auto-negotiate isn’t always foolproof

Both sides must match

137
Q

Wake on LAN

A

Computer sleeps until needed

Designed for late-night updates

138
Q

Quality of Service

A 
QoS
Prioritize network traffic
Applications, VoIP, video
Infrastructure must support QoS
DSCP (Differentiated Services Code Point)
Manage through local computer policy
139
Q

Virtualization

A 
One computer, many operating systems
Requires extensive resources
• CPU processor support
• Memory to support multiple OS
• Disk space for multiple OS
• Network connection - each OS is virtual
140
Q

Host-based virtualization

A

Your normal desktop plus others

141
Q

Hypervisor

A

The virtual machine manager

142
Q

Backup types

A

Full
Differential
Incremental

143
Q

Full backup

A

Copies everything

144
Q

Differential backup

A

Copies everything since the last backup

145
Q

Incremental backup

A

Backup what’s changed since the last full or incremental backup

146
Q

S.M.A.R.T.

A

Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology

Disk check

147
Q

chkdsk

A

Logical and physical disk check

148
Q

Defragmentation

A

Moves fragmented files and makes them contiguous
Graphical version and defrag command
Can use Task Scheduler

149
Q

Windows Updates

A

Security patches, new features, driver updates

Automated - download and install or download only

150
Q

Patch management

A

Testing, scheduling, implementing, and fallback

151
Q

Driver/firmware updates

A

Typically updated when a problem is discovered

Many drivers receive updates via Windows Updates

152
Q

Anti-virus updates

A

Signatures are constantly updated

Automatic schedule, daily or hourly

153
Q

Anti-virus

A

An application that protects against viruses and various malware

154
Q

Spyware

A

Sends personal information and computing habits to others

155
Q

Host-based firewall

A

Protect against others on the network

Can view all local applications

156
Q

Network firewall

A

Filters physical network connections by port number

Can encrypt and/or proxy

157
Q

Account information

A

A personal identifier

Usually combined with additional credentials

158
Q

Password protection

A

Strong passwords prevent brute-force attacks

Build passwords with letters, numbers, and special characters

159
Q

User rights and permissions

A

NTFS file permissions are more granular than FAT

Assign individual user permissions

160
Q

Hardware locks

A

Conventional, biometric, electronic, etc.

161
Q

Tailgating

A

Walking into a building behind someone else

162
Q

Dumpster diving

A

Digging through the trash to find data

163
Q

Shredding

A

Prevents discarded documents from being accessible to those looking to steal data

164
Q

Multi-factor Authentication

A

A secondary source of identity authentication (e.g., a code via text message)
Smart card, USB token, hardware/software token, SMS text

165
Q

Shoulder surfing

A

Someone watching your activities from over your shoulder

166
Q

Password security

A

No single words, no obvious passwords

Use upper and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters

167
Q

Restrict user permission

A

Users do no get administrative rights
Assign rights based on groups
Limit access based on job requirements and responsibilities

168
Q

Disable unnecessary accounts

A

Guest, root, mail, etc.
Disable interactive logins for services
Change the default usernames (e.g., change Administrator)

169
Q

Desktop security

A

Require a screensaver password that is integrated with login
Disable autorun in XP and Vista in the registry
Consider changing AutoPlay

170
Q

Disk formatting

A

low level - erases all the data, requires special utilities

high level - does not erase the data

171
Q

Hard drive security

A

Remove data with file-level or whole disk data wiping

Physical drive destruction may be required

172
Q

Google Android

A

Open Handset Alliance
Open-Source OS based on Linux
Supported on different devices

173
Q

Apple iOS

A

Apple iPhone and iPad OS
Based on Unix
Exclusive to Apple products

174
Q

Display calibration

A

Resistive touch screens only

175
Q

Accelerometer

A

Motion sensor

Detects orientation of the device

176
Q

Gyroscope

A

Detects pitch, roll, and yaw

Multi-axis sensing

177
Q

GPS

A

Satellite location tracking
Longitude, latitude, and altitude
Provides maps and directions

178
Q

Mobile Wireless Networking

A

Both WiFi ad Bluetooth

179
Q

Bluetooth

A

10 meter short-range network

180
Q

Bluetooth pairing

A 
Enable Bluetooth on both devices
Set devices to discoverable mode
Select discovered device
Enter or confirm pin
Test connectivity
181
Q

iOS Synchronization

A

Apple iTunes - syncs everything on the phone
Wired or wireless
iCloud - syncs some items

182
Q

Android synchronization

A

Sync online with Google

Transfer movies and music over USB

183
Q

Network physical security

A

Restrict physical access to the devices

Lock and key, electronic, or biometric

184
Q

Network account info

A

Change the default usernames and passwords

185
Q

Wireless encryption

A

Use WPA/WPA2

186
Q

SSID management

A

Service Set Identifier
Change from default SSID
Consider disabling SSID broadcast

187
Q

MAC address filtering

A

Media Access Control - the physical address of the NIC
Each NIC has a unique MAC address
Limit access at the network level
Easily spoofed

188
Q

Wireless power restrictions

A

Limit the strength of your SSID broadcast

189
Q

Automatic IP addressing

A

Simplifies network administration

190
Q

Disabling ports

A

Disable all unused ports

Consider using Network Access Control (NAC) 802.1x

191
Q

Passcode locks

A

Restricts access to the device
Pin or passphrase
iOS: wipes all data after 10 failed attempts
Android: Locks device and requires Google sign in to unlock

192
Q

Location apps and remote wipe

A

Uses built-in GPS
Find your mobile device
Make a sound or display a message on the device
Wipe the device

193
Q

Remote backup

A

Backup to the cloud
No local device required
One-click restoration to a new device

194
Q

Antivirus

A

iOS: Closed architecture
Android: Apps can be installed from anywhere
Apps run in a sandbox
User controls scope of each app

195
Q

Patching and OS updates

A

Update regularly for the best security features

196
Q

POP3

A

Post Office Protocol 3
Downloads mail and deletes it from the server
Used when you only have one mail device

197
Q

IMAP

A

Internet Message Access Protocol
Downloads mail to device and does not delete from the mail server
Used when you have multiple mail devices

198
Q

SMTP

A

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
Sends email
Configured separately from inbound email config

199
Q

Securing email transfers

A 
Configure SSL (Secure Socket Layer)
Encrypts email between the device and the server
200
Q

Microsoft Exchange

A

Uses proprietary protocols for sending and receiving email
Includes contacts, calendars, tasks, etc.
Integrates with Active Directory database

201
Q

Gmail

A

Google’s email service
Web, POP, and IMAP
Uses Google Calendar for scheduling

202
Q

Multimeter

A

Measures voltage, current, resistance for AC and DC
AKA Volt-Ohm Meter
Check power supply voltage, cable continuity

203
Q

Power Supply Tester

A

Connect inline with devices for detailed power statistics

204
Q

Loopback plug

A

Used for diagnostics and troubleshooting physical ports

Determine if a received signal is the same as the sent signal

205
Q

POST test cards

A

Connects to expansion slots

Runs diagnostics during boot

206
Q

Troubleshooting Theory Steps

A
  1. Identify the problem
  2. Establish a theory of probably cause
  3. Test the theory to determine cause
  4. Establish a plan of action to resolve the problem and identify potential effects
  5. Implement the solution or escalate as necessary
  6. Verify full system functionality and, if applicable, implement preventative measures
  7. Document findings, action, and outcomes
207
Q

Lockups

A

Check for activity lights
Update/downgrade drivers and software patches
Consider reverting to a restore point

208
Q

POST

A

Test system components before starting the OS
Failures are noted with beeps and/or codes
Every manufacturer uses different codes

209
Q

Blank screen on boot

A

Bad video, BIOS configuration issue

Listen for the beeps

210
Q

Booting to an incorrect device

A

Set boot order in the BIOS configuration
Confirm that the boot device has a valid OS
Unplug USB devices and/or remove CDs/DVDs

211
Q

Continuous reboots

A

How far does the boot order process get?

Try safe mode or OS recovery options

212
Q

The CMOS battery

A

Bad battery will display messages on every boot

Can reset the BIOS by removing the battery

213
Q

Excessive heat

A

Heat generated from CPUs, video adapters, and memory
Check cooling fans and heat sinks
Verify temperatures with monitoring software

214
Q

Noise

A

Loose components can rattle
Hard drive scraping noises and clicking
Check fans for obstructions

215
Q

Odors

A

Electrical problems
Always disconnect power
Locate and replace bad components

A+ 220-801, 220-802 Q&A (22 decks)

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