Materials Of Decoration Flashcards Preview

Board Exams > Materials Of Decoration > Flashcards

Flashcards in Materials Of Decoration Deck (519)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Cotton fabric with a printed design of white and a contrasting color

A

Bandanna

2
Q

A rib weave, usually done on a minute brick fashion, giving a pebbly appearance. A granular texture is achieved by the short broken weaves in the filling direction. Usually made of silk, worsted wool, synthetic fibers or a combination of these. It is a rich, soft-looking fine fabric, english in origin, and originally mades as a mourning cloth

A

Barathea

3
Q

Fabric made from or created to simulate the bark of tress. Usually made from cotton and is textured, it was popular in the 30s-40s. Often printed with large vines, leaves and florals, this fabric is used extensively fro draperies, slipcovers, and other home furnishings

A

Bark Cloth

4
Q

A fine, medium-weight, soft, semi-sheer, smooth fabric, usually made of cotton or cotton blends. It is named for Jean Baptiste, a french linen weaver. Resembles nainsook, but is finer and almost transparent

A

Batiste

5
Q

This refers to any style that has beads embroidered into the design. Beading can be done at the time the fabric is made or can be re-embroidered after the fabric is made

A

Beaded Fabric

6
Q

A cord cotton-like fabric with raised ridges in the lengthwise direction. Since the fabric has a high strength and a high durability, it is often used for upholstery and work clothes

A

Bedford Cord

7
Q

A sturdy warp-faced fabric with pronounced cross-wise ribs formed by bulky and coarse pile yarns or rubber threads. Can be made of silk, wool, acetate, or rayon warp, with wool or cotton filling. It originated in Bengal, India, and is used for dresses, coats, trimmings, and draperies

A

Bengaline

8
Q

This is made when the yarn that is knitted into fabric is brushed with wire brushes to pull the material together and to fluff it up. The resulting end fabric has a looped, soft pile, with large air pockets which serves to improve the insulating properties of the fabric. Often compared to fur because of its soft texture, it is very lightweight and warm

A

Berber Fleece

9
Q

Has a small geometric pattern with a center dot resembling a bird’s eye. It is woven on a dobby loom, with heavier filling yarns that are loosely twisted to make the material more absorbent

A

Birdseye

10
Q

Two or more fabric layers held together with adhesive or a fusible layer

A

Bonded

11
Q

is the French word for buckled, ringed, or curled. The fabric was so named because it has a ring appearance, formed by drawn-out loop yarns on the face of the goods, thereby giving it a kinky appearance at intervals

A

Boucle

12
Q

A twill weave that originated in France. The yarns are interspersed with nubs, giving the material a dull nubbed surface effect

A

Bourette

13
Q

A tightly woven plain weave with a crosswise rib. It was originally a silk shirting fabric, so named because it was woven in widths exceeding the usual twenty-nine inches. It is a dressy fabric and must be handled with care, form fitting and drapes well

A

Broadcloth

14
Q

Carpet woven on widths of six, nine, twelve, fifteen and eighteen feet

A

Broadloom

15
Q

A rich Jacquard woven fabric of an all-over interwoven design of raised figures of flowers with the pattern emphasized by contrasting surfaces or colors, of which all are done in low relief. The name was derived from the French word meaning ornament. Common end uses include such formal applications as upholstery, draperies and evening wear

A

Brocade

16
Q

A tightly woven Jacquard fabric with a warp effect in the figure, which is raised to give a puffed appearance, The puff effect is created by several kinds of fillings, tension-weaving of a linen or nylon that shrinks after the heating process

A

Brocatelle

17
Q

A ply yarn scrim fabric with a stiff finish. Usually used for interlinings in garments. It was named for Bokhara, in the southwest U.S.S.R., where it was first made,

A

Buckram

18
Q

A natural textile made from the pulp of the bamboo grass. Sustainable textile fiber. It is light and strong, has excellent wicking properties, and is to some extent antibacterial

A

Bamboo Fabric

19
Q

A twill weave cotton denim fabric that is soft but tough as nails. It is durable and heavier than regular denim. It takes dyes well with very good results. Not stiff like canvas

A

Bull Denim

20
Q

A plain weave coarse fabric usually made from jute or hemp. Generally used as a carpet backing, and as inexpensive packaging for sacks of grain or rice.

A

Burlap, Gunny

21
Q

A plain, closely woven, inexpensive cloth, with an all-over print, usually of a small floral pattern which is discharge or resist printed onto a white or contrasting background color. The colors are not always fast. It originated in Calcutta, India, and is one of the oldest cotton staples on the market

A

Calico

22
Q

A soft, white, closely woven cotton fabric calendered on the right side to produce a slight gloss. Known to launder very well, has good body, sews and finishes well. It was originally made in Cambrai, France

A

Cambric

23
Q

The face is a twill, with a soft and loosely twisted filling yarn, which is later brushed to produce a soft nap at the back. It is heavy, warm, strong and absorbent, named for Canton, China where it was first made. Generally used in linings and interlinings, garments, coverings.

A

Canton Flannel

24
Q

Has an even weave that is heavy and firm for industrial or heavy duty purposes. It is used for clothing but formerly much used for tents and sails. Mostly a rugged, and heavy material made from plyed yarns.

A

Canvas

25
Q

One of the softest fabrics made. It is very lightweight, with a soft plain weave fabric with a slightly brushed surface. This is usually is printed with a delicate floral pattern. It was named from the Anglo-Indian term shalee, meaning soft. Most often seen in fabrics made from cotton, wool, or rayon

A

Challis

26
Q

A plain weave fabric most commonly made from cotton fibers, with colored warp, often blue and white filling that gives a mottled colored surface

A

Chambray

27
Q

A fabric woven from chenille yarns and has a fuzzy pile. It is named for the french word meaning caterpillar. This is used mainly for decorative fabrics, embroidery, tassels, and rugs.

A

Chenille

28
Q

A thin, diaphanous, or gauzelike, soft, flimsy fabric, but is strong despite its filmy look. It wears very well and is very difficult to handle

A

Chiffon

29
Q

A glazed cotton fabric often printed with bright figures and large flower designs. Some glazes wash out during the laundering, but resin glaze will withstand washing or dry-cleaning. It was named from the Hindu word meaning spotted.

A

Chintz

30
Q

An unglazed chintz

A

Cretonne

31
Q

Fabrics that have been coated with a lacquer, varnish, rubber, plastic resins of polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene, or other substance to make the longer lasting or impervious to water to water or other liquids

A

Coated

32
Q

A cut pile cloth with narrow to wide wales that run in the warp direction of the goods. An extra set of filling yarns make the pile and the back is a plain twill weave. Of all the cotton fabrics, this is the warmest because the wales form an insulated cushion of air

A

Corduroy

33
Q

A lightweight fabric characterized by a crinkly surface produced by hard twisting yarns, chemical treatment, weave, or embossing. It has a very good wearing qualities and has a very slimming effect

A

Crepe

34
Q

Chain stitch embroidery made with a fine, loosely-twisted, two-ply worsted yarn on a plain weave cotton fabric. Done by hand, for the most part, in the Kashmir province of India and in England. Most designs are outlines of flowers, vines or leaves

A

Crewel

35
Q

A fabric with an uneven surface, created by use of caustic soda that causes it to shrink unevenly.

A

Crinkle

36
Q

A lightweight, plain weave, stiffened fabric with a low yarn count

A

Crushed

37
Q

Any velvet with an irregular pattern of nap going in different directions. The pattern gives the fabric a crushed or rumpled appearance

A

Crushed Velvet

38
Q

A firm, glossy, Jacquard patterned fabric similar to brocade but flatter and reversible. It was first brought to the Western world by Marco Polo from Damascus. It is a very durable fabric, launders well and holds a high luster

A

Damask

39
Q

A rugged, serviceable, staple cotton cloth recognized by left-hand twill on the surface. Its name is derived from the french and was originally used for work clothes

A

Denim

40
Q

A thin, sheer cloth in which cords or stripes may be woven into the fabric. It is easy to manipulate and launders easily and well. Has a crisp texture which remains fairly well after washing

A

Dimity

41
Q

A sheer fabric embellished with small dot motifs that may vary in color. It originated in Saint Galen, Switzerland

A

Dotted Swiss

42
Q

A closely woven, heavy material, and the most durable fabric made, according to the textile industry. The fabric used is usually made of cotton. There are many kinds, but the heavier weights are already called canvas

A

Duck

43
Q

A ribbed cloth with a crosswise rib effect. It is soft and belongs to the grosgrain family

A

Faille

44
Q

A compact, matted woolen material. The name is derived from the Anglo-Saxon word meaning to filter. Usually made of wool or fur often mixed with natural or synthetic fibers

A

Felt

45
Q

Printed or woven fabric featuring a jagged, undulating, flame-like, multi-colored pattern

A

Flame Stitch

46
Q

A medium-weight, plain or twill weave fabric that is typically made from cotton, a cotton blend, or a wool. The fabric has a very soft hand, brushed on both sides to lift the fiber ends out of the base fabric and create a soft, fuzzy surface

A

Flannel

47
Q

A medium-weight, plain weave fabric with a soft hand, usually made from cotton. The fabric is usually brushed only on one side, and is lighter weight than flannel

A

Flannelette

48
Q

A type of raised decoration applied to the surface of a fabric in which an adhesive is printed on the fabric in a specific pattern, and then finely chopped fibers are applied by means of dusting, air-brushing, or electrostatic charges. The fiber adhere only to the areas where the adhesive has been applied, and the excess fibers are removed by mechanical means

A

Flocked

49
Q

Is a high gloss mylar usually in metallic colors that pulls away from the clear backing. Sometimes it is referred to as foil paper and other times it is referred to as foil sheets

A

Foil

50
Q

A lightweight cloth noted for its soft finish and feel. It is made with plain or twill weaves and is usually printed with small figures on dark or light backgrounds

A

Foulard

51
Q

Generally made with uncut loops but is sometimes styled by shearing the loops at varying heights. Originated from Fries land Holland

A

Frieze

52
Q

Is a firm, durable, compactly woven cloth which shows a diagonal line on the face of the goods. It is named for a cloak or mantle popular during the Middle Ages

A

Gabardine

53
Q

A thin sheer fabric constructed with plain, leno, or dobby weave, specifically used for curtains next to glass windows to diffuse light

A

Gauze

54
Q

Has dyed yarns introduced at given intervals in both warp and filling to achieve a block or check effect. Name is derived from the Italian Ging-gang meaning striped

A

Gingham

55
Q

A fine, loosely woven fabric in leno weave

A

Grenadine

56
Q

A strong, closely-woven corded fabric, usually of silk or rayon and often with cotton fiber. It is a heavy, rather prominent, ribbed fabric made from plain or rib weaves

A

Grosgrain

57
Q

From the Japanese for “soft as down”. Is a lightweight plain weave silk fabric. Lighter than shantung

A

Habotai

58
Q

A fabric which has a series of faint stripes formed by light, medium or dark yarns

A

Jaspe

59
Q

Woven, multi-colored effect created by blending fibers of different colors

A

Heather

60
Q

A very stiff, wiry cloth made with a single horsehair in the filling, usually on a cotton warp. The width of the fabric is determined by the length of the horsehair in the filling.

A

Haircloth

61
Q

Broken twill weave composed of vertical sections that are alternately right hand in direction.

A

Herringbone, Arrowhead

62
Q

Wide stripes of Herringbone

A

Chevron Weave

63
Q

Broken twill weave forming a four pointed star

A

Houndstooth

64
Q

A style of weaving that uses a resist dyeing process similar to tie-dye on either the warp or weft before the threads are woven to create a pattern or design. Through common usage, the word has come to describe both the process and the cloth itself

A

Ikat

65
Q

Fabric woven with yarns of one color in the warp and another color in the filling so that the fabric seems to change color as the light strikes it

A

Irridescent

66
Q

A fabric in which metallic threads or yarns are interspersed throughout or used in the base construction. The term comes from the french for “worked with gold and silver wire”

A

Lame

67
Q

A term used to describe fabrics which have been joined together through the use of high-strength reinforcing scrim or base fabrics between two piles of flexible thermoplastic film. It can be bonded utilizing either foam itself, or some other material.

A

Laminated

68
Q

A light, thin cloth of plain weave with a crisp and crease-resistant finish. Name is derived from Laon, a city in France where the fabric was manufactured extensively

A

Lawn

69
Q

A jacquard stripe fabric simulating silk and embroidery

A

Lisserie

70
Q

A fine firm cotton cloth with a plain weave background. It is usually striped or plaid in color. When washed it bleeds

A

Madras

71
Q

A lightweight, open-mesh cloth of leno or doupe weave. It is used for clothing, curtains and mosquito nets

A

Marquisette

72
Q

A soft, double cloth which has a quilted surface effect, and is woven on Jacquard looms. Term is derived from the French word meaning cushioned or padded

A

Matelasse

73
Q

A heavily felted, hard, plain, face-finished cloth. It is napped and very closely sheared. It originated in the famous Melton Mowbray fox- hunting area in Leicestershire, England

A

Melton

74
Q

A type of fabric characterized by its net-like open appearance, and the spaces between the yarns. Is available in a variety of constructions including woven, knot, lace, or crocheted fabrics

A

Mesh

75
Q

Made of a very coarse yarn and is a rough, substantial, rather bulky fabric with a tendency to sag, depending on the compactness of the weave. A heavy weight cotton fabric utilizing the basket weave variation of the plain weave.

A

Monk’s Cloth

76
Q

A generic term for a variety of cotton fabrics. Is a smooth and delicately woven cotton fabric

A

Muslin

77
Q

A fine, soft fabric with a plain weave, usually with a strip and often mercerized to produce luster

A

Nainsook

78
Q

A smooth, transparent, high-textured fabric made in plain or novelty weaves. It is much like voile but it has more body

A

Ninon

79
Q

A very light, thin, stiff, transparent and wiry cloth. Chemical treatment assures that it will retain its crispness through repeated laundering

A

Organdie

80
Q

A tough medium to heavyweight coarsely woven plain weave fabric, usually made of a cotton or cotton/poly blend. Lower grades of the unfinished fabric are used for such industrial purposes as bags, sacks, pipe coverings

A

Osnaburg

81
Q

A tightly woven plain weave ribbed fabric with a hard slightly lustered surface. The ribbed effect is created by weaving a finer silk or manufactured warp yarn with a heavier filler yarn, usually made of cotton, wool, or waste yarn.

A

Ottoman

82
Q

A soft, somewhat porous, rather stout fabric with a silk-like luster finish. It launders very well but is known to soil easily. Mostly used for men’s shirt and has a basket weave structure

A

Oxford

83
Q

Named from the french word plush and is a satin-faced material made with a high luster by a roller-pressure treatment during finishing. Resembles velvet but has a much longer pile

A

Panne

84
Q

A medium weight, plain weave, low to medium count cotton-like fabric. Most common for bedsheets

A

Percale

85
Q

A medium weight or heavy fabric with raised cords that run in the warp direction. Used in many polo shirts

A

Pique

86
Q

A fabric treated in a striped motif or in spot formation with a caustic soda solution that shrinks parts of the goods to provide the crinkled or pleated effect, thus it does not need to be ironed

A

Plisse

87
Q

Mainly cotton, sometimes silk, leno, gauze, knotted or mesh woven fabric. Has a dull surfaced net with various sized holes. Has white or colored dots individually spaced or in groups

A

Point D’Esprit

88
Q

A warp pile cloth covered with a surface of cut-pile yarns. The pile is linger but not as densely woven as velvet.

A

Plush

89
Q

Combed and carded fabric in a satin construction which has been calendared to produce a high-luster surface finish.

A

Polished Cotton

90
Q

Was originally a thin, natural, tan-colored silk fabric made of wild Chinese silk with a knotty rough weave. Now,it is also a staple, fine combed fabric finished with a high luster

A

Pongee

91
Q

Identified by a fine rib effect in the filling direction from selvage to selvage. Term is derived from the obsolete french term papeline

A

Poplin

92
Q

Is similar to poplin but has a more distinctive cross rib cord.

A

Rep

93
Q

Plain weave fabric where the majority of the fabric face is composed of warp threads

A

Sail Cloth

94
Q

Fabric made from yarns with low luster, such as cotton or other staple length fibers. A variation of the satin weave, produced by floating gill yarns over warp yarns.

A

Sateen

95
Q

Has a very smooth, lustrous face effect while the back of the material is dull

A

Satin

96
Q

Originally a high-grade coating fabric made from the wool of Merino sheep. Now it is also the name for a soft woolen cloth with elaborate yarn effects

A

Saxony

97
Q

An open mesh, plain-weave cloth in several constructions and weights and usually used in buckram

A

Scrim

98
Q

A lightweight cloth in which a base warp lies flat and a second warp becomes crinkled because of chemical treatment

A

Seersucker

99
Q

Woven cloth with errors of flaws

A

Seconds

100
Q

One of the oldest basic terms and n textiles. It now implies any smooth-faced cloth made with a two up and two-down twill weave

A

Serge

101
Q

A silk fabric made of several fibers but designated by an elongated slub filling yarn

A

Shantung

102
Q

Made from a small twill weave and has a smooth compact surface resembling the skin of a shark. It has a very substantial fell although it is fairly light in weight

A

Sharkskin

103
Q

A plain-weave corded or combed cloth which comes in light, medium, or heavy weight

A

Sheeting

104
Q

A lightweight fabric made of two different colored yarns. The fabric has an iridescent look and a crisp but not stiff hand. Is typically made of rayon/polyester blend.

A

Shimmer

105
Q

Fabric originated in Germany and Austria and were developed to provide greater freedom of body movement for the athlete. They present very good surface texture and are durable and moisture absorbent. Stretchable but has no spandex

A

Stretch Woven

106
Q

A soft, twill-woven silk or rayon fabric often made in plaid effects. It is soft and flexible, lightweight and lustrous. If made of fiber other than silk, the fiber content must be declared

A

Surah

107
Q

A fine, sheer, crisp, stiff cloth which may be plain,melted or figured

A

Swiss

108
Q

A fine, plain weave fabric, smooth on both sides, and usually with sheen on its surface. It may be solid colored, printed, or woven in such a way that the colors seem changeable.

A

Taffeta

109
Q

A cloth made in plain weave or in a two-up and two-down twill weave. This multicolored fabric may be conventional or exceptional when made in variations of color effects. The fabric originated in Spain. It is also a specific woven pattern that often signifies a particular Scottish clan in the modern era

A

Tartan

110
Q

Has uncut loops on both sides of the fabric. It is very absorbent; the longer the loops, the greater the absorbency

A

Terry Cloth

111
Q

A broad term for extremely strong woven fabrics which are used as a covering for pillows, mattresses, and box springs, home-furnishings, and for work clothes and sports clothes. It is a heavy, tightly woven carded cotton fabric usually in a pattern of alternately woven stripes in the warp, jacquard or dobby designs, or printed patterns

A

Ticking

112
Q

Made from 100% micro fiber polyester. Is a lightweight fabric with a light faille weave, silky feel and a slight sheen. It has an excellent draping quality. Though lightweight, it is an extremely strong fabric

A

Tissue Faille

113
Q

A durable, heavy poplin made of blend of polyester and cotton. It is also considered a utility cloth and used for table cloths, chair covers, uniforms, and flag/banners

A

Trigger

114
Q

A rough, irregular, soft, flexible, and unfinished shaggy cloth. It is one of the oldest and most popular outerwear fabrics used today. It is made of twill or homespun plain weave

A

Tweed

115
Q

Is the world’s first ultra-microfiber. It feels like natural suede, but it is resistant to stains and discoloration; it can be machine-washed and because it is a non-woven fabric, it cannot pull or fray. This also ages better than real suede, is stain resistant and is animal friendly

A

Ultrasuede

116
Q

A term loosely applied to cut-pile cloths in general. It also designates fabrics with a fine raised finish. From the French term meaning velvet, and although it resembles velvet, it has a lower cut pile

A

Velour

117
Q

A warp-pile cloth in which a succession of rows of short cut pile stand so close together as to give a uniform, even surface. The better kinds may be crush resistant, water resistant and drapes well.

A

Velvet

118
Q

When the pile of velvet is more than 1/8”

A

Plush

119
Q

A filling pile cloth in which the pile is made by cutting an extra set of filling yarns

A

Velveteen

120
Q

A crisp, lightweight, plain weave cotton-like fabric, made with high twist yarns in a high yarn count construction. Similar in appearance to organdy and organza. Used in blouses dresses and curtains. The cloth is made from gassed yarns

A

Voile

121
Q

A fabric with a characteristic of honeycomb weave. It is used for coatings, draperies, dresses, and toweling.

A

Waffle

122
Q

Waffle that is made in cotton

A

Waffle Pique

123
Q

Refers to fabrics that have been laundered before shipping. This may be done to reduce shrinkage, soften the hand, wash down the color or to give the fabric a used, laundered look

A

Washed

124
Q

Is a cloth made from cross-bred yarns, and the fabric is strongly colored. This finish is a highly raised lustrous type, and the nap is long and lies in one direction. The cloth may be given a soft feel and finish

A

Zibeline

125
Q

Ability of a fabric to take in moisture

A

Absorbency

126
Q

A cutout fabric decoration attached to a larger piece of material, in order to add depth, design or contrasting colors

A

Appliqué

127
Q

A design featuring interlinking diamond shapes of varying colors, in a diagonal checkerboard pattern. Diagonal version of tartan.

A

Argyle

128
Q

A small cloth placed over the backs or arms of chairs, or the head or cushions of sofa to prevent soiling of the permanent fabric

A

Antimacassar

129
Q

Thin layers of natural or synthetic cloth used to line cushions, pillows, quilts or crafts. It can be made from cotton, polyester, silk, wool, or a blend of these. This also helps to conserve warmth; foam inside the comforter

A

Batting

130
Q

Custom handmade or manufactured materials used on a bed for utilitarian or decorative purposes

A

Bedding

131
Q

Square panel of fabric with or without elastic edge used to encase the top mattress on a bed

A

Bed Sheet

132
Q

Fabric bedding treatment, which spams between the upper and lower mattress beginning beneath a comforter to touch the floor

A

Bed Skirt

133
Q

Fabric bedding treatment, which covers a top mattress

A

Bedspread

134
Q

Cut from one corner of a fabric to the opposite, diagonal corner. Some fabrics will drape differently and this treatment can require substantially more yardage

A

Bias-Cut

135
Q

The removal of excess knots, bumps, loose threads and slubs from a fabric before the finishing process, by means of a burling iron or tweezers. It does not damage the fabric and ensures a smooth texture

A

Burling

136
Q

Quilt made of many small patches (traditionally 2” or so) where each piece is a different fabric. The pattern is usually a one-patch design and often involves swaps and trades with friends to gather many fabrics

A

Charm Quilt

137
Q

Painted linens that originated in Chitta, India in the 17th century

A

Chile

138
Q

The series of clipping attached to a purchase sample to show the color line

A

Color Mag

139
Q

Refers to the complete color range of a given series

A

Color Line

140
Q

An individual color of a particular style or pattern

A

Color Way

141
Q

The waviness or curvature of a fiber or yarn. Can be found naturally, as with wool, or can be mechanically produced

A

Crimp

142
Q

Rubbing off of color from woven or printed fabrics

A

Crocking

143
Q

Tightly woven or coated fabrics used to prevent down feathers from penetrating the surface

A

Down Poof

144
Q

Fabric with patterned cut-outs, around which stitching or embroidery may be applied in order to prevent the fabric from raveling

A

Eyelet

145
Q

Refers to the ability of a fiber or fabric to return to its original length, shape, or size immediately after the removal of stress

A

Elasticity

146
Q

Calendering process in which fabrics are engraved with the use of heated rollers under pressure to produce a raised design on the fabric surface

A

Embossing

147
Q

Embellishment of a fabric or garment in which colored threads are sewn on to the fabric to create a design. May be done by hand or machine

A

Embroidery

148
Q

A thin piece of material put under another material to add color or brilliance

A

Foil

149
Q

Stiff fabrics used to support, reinforce and give shape to fashion fabrics in sewn products. Often placed between the lining and the outer fabric, it can be made from yarns or directly from fibers, and may be either woven, non-woven, or knitted

A

Interfacing

150
Q

Is a layer of fabric inserted between the face and the lining of a garment, drapery, or quilt. Serves as an additional layer of insulation

A

Interlining

151
Q

A think layer of fiber designed to provide insulation, loft, and body to quilts, pillow toppers, and heavy winter jackets

A

Batting

152
Q

Originally a type of English embroidery with a strong oriental influence, of the type first done during the restoration period. Common motifs are branches, ornamented in color with fruits and flowers and birds is common

A

Jacobean

153
Q

Fabric made in the same shape as the outer fabric, a lining supports and protects the outer fabric and hides seams as well.

A

Lining

154
Q

A type of fabric characterized by its net-like open appearance, and the spaces between the yarns.

A

Mesh

155
Q

An extremely fine synthetic fiber that can be woven into textiles with the texture and drape of natural-fiber cloth but with enhanced wash ability, breathability, and water repellency

A

Microfiber so

156
Q

Fabric construction created in weft yarns with graduated or shaded tone or color patterns

A

Ombré

157
Q

Continuous filament rayon yarn with entangled slubs

A

Ondelette

158
Q

Hand quilting technique where stitched follow printed motifs on fabric

A

Outline Quilting

159
Q

Fabric or materials used to provide additional cushioning

A

Padding

160
Q

Intricate interlocking curvilinear pattern originating in India. It is a tear-drop shaped, fancy printed pattern

A

Paisley

161
Q

Fine silk fabric

A

Peau De Soie

162
Q

Fine, hand stitched needlepoint design in canvas created with only one foundation threads rather than multiple threads

A

Petit Point

163
Q

The number of filling yarns per inch of fabric

A

Pick Count

164
Q

To form undesirable clumps of loose fibers on fabric

A

Pill

165
Q

Fiber filaments that break in yarn due to friction leaving small undesirable clumps of loose fibers in the surface of fabric

A

Pilling

166
Q

Fabric cover designed to protect pillow from soiling, utilitarian or decorative

A

Pillow Sham

167
Q

Combed and carded fabric in a satin construction which has been calendared to produce a high-luster surface finish

A

Polished Cotton

168
Q

Is a high fabric construction in which a layer of down or fiberfill is placed between two layers of fabric, and the held in place by stitching or sealing in a regular, consistent, all-over pattern on the goods

A

Quilt

169
Q

To turn fabric where selvages run horizontally rather than vertically, often used where fabrics are non-directional to avoid unwanted seams

A

Railroaded

170
Q

Dye-resistant products are applied, which results in only the background of a fabric being dyed

A

Reverse Printing

171
Q

Decorative covering for bed pillows

A

Sham

172
Q

French word for money trick, decorating using monkeys in human costume, generally in humorous situations popular in rococo ornamentation

A

Singeries

173
Q

Large panel of fabric, usually in pairs. Used on top of the bed.

A

Sheet

174
Q

Cloth having fine, irregular streaked pattern

A

Strié

175
Q

Slender, decorative cloth typically used lengthwise down the center of a dining table, for surface protection and embellishment

A

Table Runner

176
Q

Small decorative spread or coverlet, often woven with fringe

A

Throw

177
Q

Cotton or linen woven or printed documentary fabric, typically printed in monotone color on an off-white or white background, originally made in France

A

Toile

178
Q

Fabric printed in one color with 18th and 19th century scenes

A

Toile De Jouy

179
Q

Blended yarns of twisted linen and cotton yarns in the filler creating a textured surface finish

A

Union Cloth

180
Q

Materials used to make soft seating including wood or metal frames, eight-way hand tied springs, foams, batting, fabrics and cording

A

Upholstery

181
Q

Rayon fiber of superior quality used in many decorative fabrics, often used to imitate silk

A

Viscose

182
Q

A tapestry, needlepoint or bound fabric panel hung on the wall, typically suspended from an iron drapery rod and adorned with cording and tassels

A

Wall Hanging

183
Q

Fabric procedure using commercial washing machines to mimic a worn effect

A

Washed Goods

184
Q

Wood facing below the sill on windows

A

Apron

185
Q

A type of bed with a canopy suspended from the ceiling rather than supported by posts

A

A La Duchesse, Angel Bed

186
Q

A canopy resting on columns, usually built over an altar

A

Baldachino

187
Q

Strips of coordinating or contrasting fabric, folded and finished, then affixed to the style as a decorative accent. It is used to frame or border a piece of work to add interest to the finished work

A

Banding

188
Q

A line or cut across a fabric That is not at right angles to a side of the fabric

A

Bias

189
Q

Strips of fabric cut on the bias

A

Bias Binding

190
Q

When the darker color spoils the color and pattern of the lighter fabric

A

Bleed Through

191
Q

A stitch that is frequently used for attaching appliqué pieces or binding. The stitches are sewn so they are hidden under the top

A

Blind Stitch

192
Q

A drapes covering suspense over a piece of furniture, as over a bed or a seat of honor

A

Canopy

193
Q

A curtain heading consisting of a simple hemmed top through which a rod or narrow pole could be slotted

A

Case Heading, Slot Heading

194
Q

This track is mounted to the ceiling rather than the wall, it is useful when you have a window that goes right up to the ceiling or a wide sill to that protrudes what you want to avoid

A

Ceiling-Mounted Track

195
Q

Two or three drapery rods sharing one set of brackets. They are used when installing draperies with sheers, or to create any layered look

A

Combination Rods

196
Q

A colored fabric used as a lining when parts of it will show from the front

A

Contrast Lining

197
Q

A pair of draperies which open and close from the center of the windows

A

Center Draw

198
Q

The necessary distance between the wall and the back of the rod or treatment, and/or the front of one layer of the window treatment and the back of the rod or treatment

A

Clearance

199
Q

Stiffening material similar to buckram used in drapery headings

A

Crinoline

200
Q

Is a coiled wire with a plastic coating. It is slightly expandable and is fixed by eyelets screwed into the wire at each end, which are the fixed to the hook. Used for lightweight fabrics that only have a short span to cover and do not need to be drawn

A

Curtain Wire

201
Q

These hang by a special hearing tape from the same hooks as the curtain but they are not actually stitched to the curtain fabric

A

Detachable Linings

202
Q

These are useful for when you want to used two sets of curtain, or a pelmet and a curtain

A

Double Tracks

203
Q

One complete section of drapery typically used for patio door applications or as decorative stationary side panels that hang on each side of the window and do not meet in the center

A

Drapery Panel

204
Q

The distance from the top of the object to where you want the fabric to end

A

Drop Length

205
Q

The wood board at the top of top treatments, cornices or valances. Its purpose is to prevent dust from settling on the under treatment

A

Dust Cap

206
Q

Casual curtains that do not pull back. The bottom inside corners are hooked back to let light in

A

Envelope Curtains

207
Q

Similar to the fan shade, but used on half circle windows with the fan facing up

A

Fan Curtain

208
Q

The vertical fold of accordion action if the fabric that creates folds and helps hold the drapery to the form intended for pinch pleats

A

Fan Flooded

209
Q

Arcs of fabric that are pulled together in the center by rings and cords and then fastened to the back of the shades with the arc, or fan, facing down

A

Fan Shades

210
Q

The main fabric that faces the interior of the room. The “good side of the fabric

A

Face Fabric

211
Q

The actual width after the treatment is finished and all allowances have been utilized

A

Finished Width

212
Q

The place where the curtain stops

A

Finished Drop Line

213
Q

The exact vertical measurement for draperies or curtains

A

Finished Lenght

214
Q

Tracks that are ideal for bay or bow windows if you want to follow their line with the curtains. They are made of PVC and are very strong

A

Flexible Track

215
Q

Depth require to mount a window treatment in such a way that it is completely recessed inside the window frame and no portion of it sticks out from the frame of the window

A

Flush Mount

216
Q

The ratio of the total fabric used to the finished width of a drapery. The ______ the drapery, the smaller the spaces between each pleat

A

Fullness

217
Q

A rectangular canopy above the bed extending only partway from the bed instead from the headboard. 1/3 the length of the bed

A

Half-Tester

218
Q

Extra fabric added to the measurements to create a hem

A

Hem Allowance

219
Q

Installation of a window covering inside the window frame

A

Inside Mount

220
Q

Thin cords that are threaded through each slat that hold a blind together. In some cases, you may be able to substitute a cloth tape for a ladder

A

Ladder Cord

221
Q

This is the inner vertical edges of the curtain that meets its pair at the center of the window, the edge that is not fixed to the end of the track when you draw back curtains and is often decorated with a contrastinf lipping, braid, tasseled fringe

A

Leading Edge

222
Q

The control, typically a cord, which raises and lowers blind or shades

A

Lift

223
Q

The gap on the side or in the center of a window treatment through which light penetrates

A

Light Strike

224
Q

Trim that sets off smaller panes of glass in a window

A

Mullion

225
Q

Installation of window coverings placed in the wall beyond the window frame

A

Outside Mount

226
Q

One of more widths of fabric, sewn together to create a large _____ to adequately cover the window.

A

Panel

227
Q

Fancy decorative trimmings such as tassels, tiebacks and ribbons

A

Passementerie

228
Q

Random pattern repeats are matched vertically at the selvage edge so that the pattern lines up horizontally at the leading edge of the fabric

A

Pattern Match

229
Q

The interval between the repetitions of the same pattern

A

Pattern Repeat

230
Q

Pre-made and evenly spaced fabric tape sewn onto a drapery heading for stiffness to receive and conceal drapery hooks

A

Pleating Tape

231
Q

A bed set lengthwise against the wall and surmounted by a small dome

A

Polonnaise

232
Q

A hardware term, the rod _____ in to the room. It is the distance from the wall to the front of the rod

A

Projection

233
Q

A term used to describe long draperies that are lying on the floor in a ______ fashion

A

Puddle

234
Q

Refers to using fabric horizontally rather than vertically. Fabric without a nap or a directional designed can be ______ easily. Used to avoid seams in long lengths of fabric

A

Railroading

235
Q

Distance from the front of a window treatment to the wall

A

Return

236
Q

The printed side of the fabric that is used as the finished side of an item. The ______ generally has the most color and the most finished look

A

Right Side

237
Q

This is the area required and used by pleated curtains when they are open on either side of the window. You need to allow for this when you measure for your curtain track

A

Stackback

238
Q

A panel of fabric mounted on a board, and attached to the inside frame of a narrow window

A

Stagecoach Valance

239
Q

Canopy framework over a four-poster bed

A

Tester

240
Q

Is 1-2” of extra fabric beyond what is needed to reach the floor. Is a more contemporary option to puddling

A

Trouser Break

241
Q

A narrow bed set into a draped recess

A

Turkish Bed

242
Q

Hook and loop tape used for attaching fabric to a mounting board. Sometimes used for lightweight fabric and valances

A

Velcro

243
Q

A rolled fabric border, stuffed to create a sausage shape

A

Wadded Edge

244
Q

A soft, bulky material for stuffing shapes as in like a goblet heading

A

Wadding

245
Q

The back of the fabric. The less finished side that may have stray threads or a rougher look to it

A

Wrong Side

246
Q

Arcs of fabric that are pulled together in the center by rings and cords and then fastened to the back of the shades with the arc, or fan, facing down

A

Fan Shades

247
Q

The main fabric that faces the interior of the room. The “good side of the fabric

A

Face Fabric

248
Q

The actual width after the treatment is finished and all allowances have been utilized

A

Finished Width

249
Q

The place where the curtain stops

A

Finished Drop Line

250
Q

Stains that appear on the paper face, caused by bad pasting methods or poor paper handling

A

Adhesive Stains

251
Q

Floral foliage, or scroll patterns, covering the entire paper

A

Allovers

252
Q

Applied or laid on, as figures cut from paper and laid on to another paper

A

Appliqués

253
Q

The appearance of one color to another

A

Bleeding

254
Q

Means that the paper is not flat on the substrate and has pockets of air trapped behind. It is caused by under soaking or not evenly brushing paste, or insufficient smoothing whilst handling

A

Blisters, Bubbles

255
Q

Amount of rolls produced of a single color combination at one time

A

Color Run

256
Q

Designs that memorialize a historic event

A

Commemorative

257
Q

A set of designs and colors to be used together in the same adjacent areas

A

Companion Papers

258
Q

A design based on a document, an old paper, or a fabric dating from an earlier century

A

Documentary

259
Q

Installation technique where two strips of paper are overlapped, while a cut is made through the center of the overlapped seam and the excess paper is removed

A

Double-Cut, Wallpaper Seam

260
Q

The printing surface is made of rubber, but in relief

A

Flexography

261
Q

Finely powdered silk, wool, or other fibers glued onto paper

A

Flocks

262
Q

A thin sheet of flexible metal on paper, transparent or opaque color, which can be printed

A

Foils

263
Q

Paper printed from copper plates, leaving the design slightly impressed

A

Gaufranes

264
Q

Achieved by printing an adhesive to the areas that are to take the metal dust

A

Gilding, Silvering

265
Q

Raw stock in which a coat of pigment is applied before the top colors are put on

A

Ground

266
Q

A process of printing with blocks; in which a separate block is needed for each color

A

Hand-Blocked

267
Q

Produced by hand-screening

A

Handprints

268
Q

The trade name designating imported Chinese painted papers

A

India

269
Q

Widely used for imitating Spanish leather, ceramic tiles, and paneling

A

Lincrusta

270
Q

Powdered over with ground up paints, or having a thin metallic glaze

A

Lusters

271
Q

Any kind of wall painting printed on paper

A

Murals

272
Q

Wallpaper pattern matches including random match, straight match and drop match

A

Matching

273
Q

Where one length encroaches on the next. It is caused by poor workmanship, insufficient soaking or missing patches while pasting, which makes the paper swell unevenly

A

Overlapping

274
Q

Where the paper is poorly matched, creased, polished or embossed papers are flattened. This is caused by bad paper handling and over brushing

A

Overstretch

275
Q

A series of papers with a comprehensive presentation of a subject or area in every direction

A

Panoramas

276
Q

A process of photographic separation using copper or steel cylinders

A

Photogravure

277
Q

An enlarged photograph used as a mural on the wall

A

Photomurals

278
Q

A pictorial design continuing over several strips of paper

A

Scenic

279
Q

Produced by the silk screen process

A

Screen Print

280
Q

Having scenes spaced at intervals

A

Semi-scenic

281
Q

Containing 36 square feet of surface after trimming

A

Single Roll

282
Q

Made from maize, corn, potato, or wheat. It is in a powdered form, made to paste by adding water. It has a fungicide added during manufacture. It has a tendency to mark the wallpaper so it is not commonly used

A

Starch Paste

283
Q

Sealer used to prepare the wall before the paper is applied

A

Size

284
Q

Paper fused or coated with vinyl plastic, rendering it impervious to steam and damp

A

Vinyls

285
Q

A wallpaper repeat where design elements run diagonally between 3 strips (across the wall) to complete the design

A

Wallpaper Half-Drop Match

286
Q

A wallpaper pattern will match from roll to roll regardless of how it is positioned on the wall

A

Wallpaper Random Match

287
Q

The wallpaper design will match at the same position on each strip of paper

A

Wallpaper Straight Match

288
Q

Ability of a surface to resist being worn away by rubbing and friction

A

Abrasion Resistance

289
Q

A substance which, when added to concrete, mortar, or grout, increases the rate of hydration of the hydraulic cement, shortens the time of setting, or increases the rate of hardening of strength development, or both

A

Accelerator

290
Q

A term frequently used as a synonym for addition or admixture

A

Additive

291
Q

The state in which two surfaces are held together by interfacial forces which may consist of valence forces or interlocking action, or both

A

Adhesion

292
Q

A material other than water, aggregates, and hydraulic cement, used as an ingredient of concrete or mortar, and added to the concrete immediately before or during its mixing

A

Admixture

293
Q

Granular material, such as sand, gravel, crushed stone, and iron blast-furnace slag, used with a cementing medium to form a hydraulic-cement, concrete or mortar

A

Agglomerate

294
Q

A pre-casting of stone, slag, sand and graved bonded together into an integrated mass. The major component of plaster, concrete, and asphalt

A

Aggregate

295
Q

A chemical substance which effectively neutralizes acid material so as to form neutral salts

A

Alkali

296
Q

Pliant material such as cork, fabric, foil, leather, linoleum, paper, rubber, or vinyl used as wall covering

A

Applied

297
Q

Masonry constructed of flat-surfaced stones with straight, clean - cut jointing

A

Ashlar

298
Q

Any material used as a base over which a finished material is to be installed

A

Backing

299
Q

A narrow wood strip used to cover joints between boards or panels

A

Batten

300
Q

A term used in construction or architecture that refers to a wall that slopes backward as it rises from the ground. A slope at the back of a house may be ______ or cut so that it is self-retaining. May also apply to walls that may gently slope inward

A

Battered

301
Q

Any fractures in the body of a tile visible both on the face and back

A

Bisque Cracks

302
Q

The adherence of one material to another. Effective ____ must be achieved between the mortar and scratch coat, between the tile and mortar, and between the adhesive and backing

A

Bond

303
Q

A substance applied to a suitable substrate to create a bond between it and a succeeding layers as between a subsurface and a terrazzo topping or a succeeding plaster application

A

Bonding Agent

304
Q

Ceramic tile installation featuring each row offset for half its length

A

Broken Joint

305
Q

A french term designating a plain or carved wood-paneled wall

A

Boiserie

306
Q

The projecting ornament placed at the intersection of beams or moldings. It is often a carved head of an angel, flower, or foliage motif

A

Boss

307
Q

To polish or grind down to a smooth finish

A

Buff

308
Q

A wall or partition that supports the portion of the building above it in addition to its own weight

A

Bearing Partition

309
Q

A plain square joint between two members

A

Butt Joint

310
Q

Tiles that have projections on the bondable side. Many of these projections are round.

A

Buttonback Tile

311
Q

A copolymer of about 98% isobutylene and 2% isoprene. It has the poorest resistance to petroleum oils and gasolines of any rubber. Excellent resistance to vegetable and mineral oils; to solvents such as acetone, alcohol, phenol and ethylene glycol.

A

Butyl Rubber

312
Q

Any substance which markedly speeds up the cure of an adhesive when added in minor quantity as compared to the amounts of primary reactants

A

Catalyst

313
Q

A soft, plastic material consisting of pigment and vehicle, used for sealing joints in buildings and other structures where normal structural movement may occur

A

Caulking Comppund

314
Q

Any material fixed as clothing to walls and roofs. It is a weathering surface that protects a building

A

Cladding

315
Q

A thin wall supported by the structural frame of the building and not dependent on the load-bearing quality of the wall below it

A

Curtain Wall

316
Q

A wall faced with assorted shapes and sizes, glaze or unglazed, of ceramic or terra-cotta tiles

A

Ceramic

317
Q

A constant load that in structures is due to the mass of the members, the supported structure, and permanent attachments or accessories

A

Dead Load

318
Q

Partitions that can be removed from its mounted position

A

Demountable

319
Q

A screen or partition separating one area from another within a larger area

A

Divider

320
Q

Tile decorated with colored clays inlaid and fired, Also colored tile laid in a wall or floor to form a pattern

A

Encaustic

321
Q

A brick layering pattern in which each layer consists of either an entire row of stretchers and the next layer entirely of headers

A

English Bond

322
Q

Prints from a copper plate upon which a drawing or design has been made by a metal tool or by “biting” with acid

A

Etchings

323
Q

An area of tile covering a wall or floor.

A

Field Tile

324
Q

Partitions with joined sections that can be folded together like an accordion

A

Folding

325
Q

A hollow block of glass that is translucent but not transparent, used mainly in conjunction with brick

A

Glass Brick, Glass Blocks

326
Q

A lattice or trellis openwork screen or wall

A

Grille

327
Q

A wood strip or metal mesh, which acts as a background or reinforcing agent for the scratch coat or mortar coat

A

Lath

328
Q

The moving load or variable weight to which a building is subjected, due to the weight of the people who occupy it, the furnishings, and other movable objects

A

Live Load

329
Q

A force provided by weight or mass, external or environmental sources such as wind, water and temperature, or other sources of energy

A

Load

330
Q

An opening in a wall or ceiling protected from the rain by slats placed at an angle

A

Louver

331
Q

Organic tile adhesive

A

Mastic

332
Q

The projecting shelf surmounting a fireplace

A

Mantel

333
Q

A recess in a wall for a statue or ornament

A

Niche

334
Q

A wall or partition that supports only its own weight

A

Non-Bearing

335
Q

The front dividing line of a step, where the top or a risers joins the front of a tread

A

Nosing

336
Q

A movable wall that is hinged or slides serving as a room divider

A

Operative

337
Q

A flat surface, raised or recessed, surrounded by rails and stiles, and held in place with mouldings

A

Panel

338
Q

An interior partial wall dividing a larger area

A

Partition

339
Q

A rectangular shaft built into a wall and projecting slightly from it

A

Pilaster

340
Q

Traditionally a mixture of lime, sand, and water, sometimes with hair or other fiber added, used for coating walls and ceilings

A

Plaster

341
Q

A material that increases plasticity of a cement past, mortar, or concrete mixture

A

Plasticizer

342
Q

Rock composed of crystals or white or red feldspar in a red ground mass. A valuable stone for architectural and ornamental use

A

Porphyry

343
Q

The prominent or accent wall

A

Prestige Wall

344
Q

In paneling any horizontal strip forming a portion of the frame.

A

Rail

345
Q

A small receptacle designed to hold a sacred relic, usually made of ornamented precious metals enriched with jewels or enamel decoration

A

Reliquary

346
Q

Aggregate, ceramics, glass, marble, metal, plaster, plastics, slate, terrazzo, or wood used as a finishing surface for a wall

A

Rigid Materials

347
Q

A mixture of portland cement, sand, and water

A

Scratch

348
Q

The first coat of plaster or stucco, applied and scratched to a wall or ceiling in three-coat work

A

Scratch Coat

349
Q

A movable partition intended to divide, conceal, or protect part of a room

A

Screen

350
Q

A detailed working drawing of a wall that has been cut away to show the interior assembly of the construction material

A

Section, Cross-Section

351
Q

The condition reached by a cement paste, mortar, or concrete when it has lost plasticity to an arbitrary degree. usually measured in terms of resistance to penetration or deformation

A

Set

352
Q

Maximum interval during which a material may be stored and remain in a usable condition

A

Shelf Life

353
Q

Fine plaster or cement made of portland cement, sand and lime applied to a structure used as ornamentation

A

Stucco

354
Q

The underlying support for the ceramic tile installation

A

Substrate

355
Q

A small cube of stone, glass or marble used in making mosaics

A

Tessera

356
Q

A term used to describe the bonding of tile with suitable materials applied approximately 1/8 inch thick

A

Thin-Set

357
Q

The decorative treatment of the space over a mantel, door, or window, consisting of a mirror and painting, Specifically, it was the over-the-mantel panel treatment of the Louis XV and XVI periods

A

Trumeau

358
Q

Paper thin wood sheets applied to the outer surface of furniture, which are often inlaid or matched to combinations, i.e. slip, diamond, checkerboard, reverse diamond, book, running, center, balanced match

A

Veneer Match

359
Q

A pierced lattice effect in wood

A

Treillage

360
Q

A stylized leaf motif, one of the primary decorative elements of classical architecture as evident on the capital of the corinthian column.

A

Acanthus Leaves

361
Q

Based on the honeysuckle flowers and leaves

A

Anthemion

362
Q

A moorish design or scrollwork, leaves, flowers, and interlaced branches, beautifully intertwining and flowing pattern of leaves and flowers, and based on the Assyrian tree of life

A

Arabesque

363
Q

A full or half male figure used instead of a column or in place of a furniture leg

A

Atlantes

364
Q

A board placed at the base of a wall and rests on the floor; usually treated with mouldings

A

Baseboard

365
Q

A decorative strip or moulding that resembles a string of beads. Found on furniture, silver, glassware, pottery etc.

A

Beading

366
Q

The edge of any flat surface that has been cut at a slant to the main area

A

Bevel

367
Q

Tortoise shell, ivory, mother-of-pearl and metals of various colors used as inlay to ornament cabinetwork.

A

Boulle

368
Q

The rounding of an edge.

A

Bullnose

369
Q

Motifs, which emulates the letters c and s, which are characteristics of the Rococo style. Found on furniture and decorative frames

A

C and S Scrolls

370
Q

The form of an unrolled scroll with and oval center and having pierced, curled edges. It is a conventionalized shield or ovoid form used as an ornament, often enclosed with wreaths, garlands on scroll like forms

A

Cartouche

371
Q

A column carved in human form, used as a supporting motif in an architectural composition. Generally female form

A

Caryatid

372
Q

A molding of concave form approximating a quarter circle

A

Cavetto

373
Q

Generally made of plaster, a circular decorative molding fixed to the ceiling, often in the center, and often has a pendant light fitting suspended from it

A

Ceiling Rose

374
Q

The topmost molding of a dado, sometimes known as the dado cap. It is placed on a wall at the height of a chairback to protect the finish of the wall

A

Chair Rail

375
Q

A bevel or slope made by paring off the edge of anything originally right angled. Often used on the legs of furniture. Creates a 45 degree angle

A

Chamfer

376
Q

A pattern consisting of alternating light and dark squares

A

Checkerboard

377
Q

A square block of wood used to form a junction between the sides and head strip of door and window trim. Any block similarly used in cabinet-making

A

Corner Block

378
Q

Ornament used on the sides of pinnacles, usually leaf or bud-shaped; commonly seen in gothic art

A

Crocket

379
Q

A french term meaning “five leaves”, a pattern resembling a five-leave clover

A

Cinquefoil

380
Q

An ornamental sunken panel in a ceiling, vault, or the lower surface of an arch, beam or other architectural feature

A

Coffer

381
Q

A formalized bunch of leaves carved at intervals on the edge of wood mouldings, prevalent during the gothic period

A

Crocket

382
Q

A molded projection that crowns a wall, or divides it horizontally for compositional purposes. It may be formed simply with a crown molding or be built up with a number of molding

A

Crown Molding

383
Q

An S shapes curve which begins and ends horizontally

A

Cyma Recta

384
Q

An opposed to the cyma recta, here the curve starts and ends vertically

A

Cyma Reversa

385
Q

The lower portion of a wall, when treated differently from the surface above it.

A

Dado

386
Q

An all-over repeating patter without definite limits

A

Diaper Pattern

387
Q

A small square projecting block in a cornice

A

Dentil

388
Q

An ovoid shaped molding forming a part of a classical capital. It springs from the shaft of the column

A

Echinus

389
Q

A classical motif found on architectural elements such as decorative cornices and also furniture. Consists of repeated and alternate dart and egg (oval) shapes

A

Egg and Dart Moulding

390
Q

A female head and bust used at the top of a volute

A

Espagnolette

391
Q

A string of many kinds of material hanging in a curve between two points

A

Festoon

392
Q

A divider with an openwork design, the lacy effect produced by twisting and curling wire together or the open work in porcelain

A

Filigree

393
Q

A narrow flat molding or area, raised or sunk to separate larger moldings or areas

A

Fillet

394
Q

A stylized three-petaled iris flower tied by an encircling band, used as the heraldic bearing of the royal family of France

A

Fleur De Lis

395
Q

Channels in a vertical position used to embellish columns, pilasters or furniture legs. These are parallel concave grooves that are used to ornament a surface

A

Flutes

396
Q

A Greek geometric band or border motif, consisting of interlacing or interlocking lines, also known as the meander or key pattern

A

Fret

397
Q

Elongated ovoid forms placed in a parallel series and projecting beyond the surface they enrich

A

Gardoon

398
Q

A pilaster that narrows toward the bottom and is capped with a topless female half-figure

A

Gaine

399
Q

A grotesque animal or human form used as a water spout

A

Gargoyle

400
Q

A prepared plaster of chalk and white lead which may be cast to make repeating ornamental forms in relief to apply to wood panels, plaster surfaces, etc

A

Gesso

401
Q

A monster with the body of a lion and the head of and wings of an eagle

A

Griffin

402
Q

An incongruous combination of monstrous animal and human forms

A

Grotesque

403
Q

A band or border running pattern having the appearance of overlapping or interlacing circular forms

A

Guilloche

404
Q

A tapering pilaster terminating in a head or bust of a male

A

Herm

405
Q

A cabriole leg formed like the tarsal joint of the hind leg of a quadruped

A

Hock

406
Q

A decorative motif of greek origin resembling a conventionalized fanlike arrangement of petals

A

Honeysuckle

407
Q

A panel resembling folded cloth. It was prevalent in the gothic period.

A

Linenfold

408
Q

An alternate name for the conventional diamond-shaped motif

A

Lozenge

409
Q

A form resembling a crescent or half moon

A

Lunette

410
Q

A grotesque head or mask

A

Mascaron

411
Q

A running ornament consisting of an intricate variety of fret or fretwork

A

Meander

412
Q

A highly ornamented turning in two sections

A

Melon Bulb

413
Q

Overall pattern of stylized flowers and plants

A

Millefleur

414
Q

The leading or prominent edge of a moulding or drip. It may be the edge of a step or the edge of a table or bench

A

Nosing

415
Q

A molding or an arch form composed of two opposing cyma curves whose convex sides meet in a point, thus forming an s, but is somewhat elongated compared to a cyma

A

Ogee, Ogive

416
Q

A variety of brass made to imitate gold or bronze

A

Ormolu

417
Q

A convex moulding used in classical architecture. It is usually an exact quarter of a circle but in grecian it is flatter and quirked on top. Opposite of cavetto

A

Ovolo

418
Q

Using veneers cut as cross sections of roots and branches of walnut, olive-wood, and some fruit woods to resemble the irregular concentric rings in oyster shells

A

Oystering

419
Q

A flat circle or oval containing acanthus leaves in a rosette arrangement

A

Patera

420
Q

A boss elongated so that it hangs down from the intersection of coffers in ceilings or from tables

A

Pendant

421
Q

A compound of paper pulp or shreds of paper mixed with paste or glue to be moulded into various shapes

A

Paper Mache

422
Q

A horizontal molding near a ceiling from which pictures can be suspended

A

Picture Mold, Picture Rail

423
Q

A four lobed ornamentation

A

Quatrefoil

424
Q

A long, semi-cylindrical, stem like from or a grouping of such used to enrich moldings

A

Reeding

425
Q

Scroll and leaf ornament sometimes combined with cartouches or grotesque forms and applied to friezes, panels or other architectural forms. It is usually a symmetrical horizontal composition

A

Rinceau, Arabesque

426
Q

An ornamental motif formed by a series of leaves arranged around a central point. The leaves are usually conventionalized and may be arranged to form a circle, ellipse or square

A

Rosette

427
Q

An x-pattern

A

Saltier

428
Q

A semicircular shell with ridges radiating from a point at the bottom. This motif was especially common in furniture design during the Queen Anne and Georgian periods in England and the United States, It was also extensively used in the early Spanish renaissance.

A

Scalloped Shell

429
Q

A parchment roll used as an ornament

A

Scroll

430
Q

Broken pediment with each half shaped in the form or a reverse curve, and ending in an ornamental scroll. Usually a finial or some sort is placed in the center between the two halves of the pediment

A

Scroll Pediment

431
Q

Used as marquetry in furniture panes

A

Seaweed

432
Q

A figure having the head and breasts of a woman, the wings of an eagle, and the body of a lion

A

Sphinx

433
Q

Consisting of enriched interlacing flat bands and forms similar to fretwork

A

Strapwork

434
Q

The stonework formed in the head of a gothic window, Applied to the surface on a door or wood panel

A

Tracery

435
Q

A pattern resembling a tree or vine, showing branches, leaves, flowers, and small animals. Originating in ancient Assyria, it was borrowed by the Persians

A

Tree-of-Life Pattern

436
Q

A three lobed ornamentation resembling a clover

A

Trefoil

437
Q

Millwork around openings such as windows and doors, usually called casings

A

Trim

438
Q

A convex semi-circular molding

A

Torus

439
Q

Ornamental motifs, patterns or portraits centered on a large field

A

Vignettes

440
Q

A peculiar pattern of scroll work consisting of convolved undulations

A

Vitruvian Scroll

441
Q

A spiral scroll forming the principal characteristics of the ionic capital

A

Volute

442
Q

A wooden lining for interior walls, usually paneled.

A

Wainscot

443
Q

A conventionalized leaf pattern of classical origin used to enrich a cyma reversa molding

A

Waterleaf, Leaf and Dart Pattern

444
Q

A continuous pattern conventionally imitating a series of braking wave crests

A

Wave Pattern

445
Q

A decorative band or garland of flowers, foliage, or other ornamental material

A

Wreath

446
Q

A general class of resinous polymers, derived from esters, amides or other acrylic acid derivatives

A

Acrylic

447
Q

Pain used on new plaster, which is durable in contact with lime

A

Alkali Resistant

448
Q

Mechanical bonding of a coating to a rough surface as contrasted with adhesion, which is chemical bonding

A

Anchoring

449
Q

Metal paint designed to inhibit corrosion

A

Anti-Corrosive Paint

450
Q

These paints contain toxic compound, which kill any fungi attempting to feed from it.

A

Anti-Fungus Paints

451
Q

Paint that contains grit (sand, plastic chips, cork dust) that forms a grippable surface that breaks the tension of the water

A

Anti-Slip Paint

452
Q

This is the process of artificially ageing paint. It can be achieved by rubbing over the new paint with a darker glaze or colour wash. This creates a dirtier color

A

Antiquing

453
Q

Undercoat staining through the topcoat

A

Bleeding

454
Q

Is bubbles or blisters in the paint film. It is caused by water vapor being attracted by heat and forming spaces beneath the film, or resins from knots in the timber being attracted t heat, or paint being used on surfaces which have extreme heat

A

Blistering

455
Q

Milky opalescence in lacquer usually caused by lack of compatibility in the paint or being applied in cold or wet weather

A

Blushing

456
Q

Is a powdery deposit being formed on a dry paint film surface. The powder is unbound pigment. This is caused by painting over surfaces that haven’t been sealed sufficiently, or the paint is deficient in binder, caused by over thinning. It can also occur when using interior paints on exterior surfaces.

A

Chalking

457
Q

These are all names for splits that appear in the film of the surface coating. It is caused by the use of excessive dryers or recoating before the under coat is dry.

A

Checking, Cracking, Crocodiling, Alligatoring

458
Q

This is diluted layer of paint or proprietary product that is applied over a base coat to provide a wash or glimpse of color

A

Colorwash

459
Q

This imitates old peeling paint and provides a cobweb look. The crackle glaze is applied between two water based coats of differing colors. This then produced a series of cracks on the top layer and exposes the base coat color underneath

A

Crackle- Glaze Paint

460
Q

This is a process that was developed to imitate the crazing of very old varnish. It is achieved by applying two varnishes to a surface that dry at different rates. It achieves a finer crazing than by using the crackle glaze but is a more expensive method

A

Craquelure

461
Q

Scratching plaster to prepare the surface for the next coat

A

Deviling

462
Q

A type of paint made by mixing the pigment with glue or size. Now largely superseded by emulsion paints

A

Distemper

463
Q

This is making a finish look older than it really is or time worn and rugged. It is achieved by using two different colors, base and top coat and partially removing the top coat to expose the base underneath.

A

Distressing

464
Q

A chemical preparation added to paint which causes it to dry quickly

A

Drier

465
Q

Is a white fluffy surface deposit that is caused by salts in the plaster being drawn to the surface. The moisture evaporates. Dry brushing will remove it

A

Efflorescence

466
Q

This is paint with a finish midsheen between matte and gloss

A

Eggshell Paint

467
Q

These are the finishing or final coats. They provide the final color and gloss level required. They are the protection layer from weather, moisture, knock and chops.

A

Finishing Coat

468
Q

Is paint or varnish lifting away from the surface in flakes because of a breakdown of the adhesion. It occurs when painting damp surfaces, especially timber, or painting powdery surfaces,

A

Flaking

469
Q

Method of painting on wet plaster with tempera colors. The plaster absorbs the pigment, and when dry, the painting becomes hard and durable and a part of the plaster

A

Fresco

470
Q

This is essentially the application of a gold finish. It can be achieved by applying gold lead, or by using metallic powders

A

Gilding

471
Q

Putty used to set glass in window frames and to fill nail holes and cracks

A

Glazing Compound

472
Q

A painted imitation of the fiber lines of wood

A

Graining

473
Q

Swelling and standing up of the wood grain caused by absorbed water and solvents

A

Grain Raising

474
Q

A type of varnishing. It was to imitate the lacquering work from the east.

A

Japanning

475
Q

A glossy type of pain finish. Usually applied by spraying. Modern lacquers are unlike varnishes or enamels are based on cellulose compounds

A

Lacquer

476
Q

This is the layering of numerous coats of varnish, sanding in between coats. This creates a smooth lustrous effect.

A

Lacquering (Japanning)

477
Q

The paint is passed through the voids that surround the design

A

Negative Stencil

478
Q

This is the first coat of paint that is applied to a raw (unpainted) surface.

A

Primer

479
Q

Is the wrinkles occurring in the pain film as it dries. It happens because the paint has been applied too thickly. To prevent it, ensure that the paint is applied to the normal film thickness

A

Rivelling

480
Q

Solvents used to thin coating

A

Thinners

481
Q

A framework of metal wire or tubing used in fashioning a work in clay, wax, or plaster of Paris

A

Armature

482
Q

A small terra cotta sketch of a sculpture, Italian

A

Bozzetto

483
Q

A design carved in relief in stone or shell

A

Cameo

484
Q

A type of dark colored, hard stone much used in Egyptian sculpture

A

Diorite

485
Q

A form of incised relief in which the design is sunk below the surface

A

Intaglio

486
Q

Small scaled model for a finished sculpture. It is used to visualize and test shapes and ideas without incurring the cost and effort of producing a full scale sculpture

A

Maquette

487
Q

Oil based clay used for modeling sculptures

A

Plasticene

488
Q

Lamp invented by a Swiss named ______. Had a round wick with provision for the introduction of air inside the wick as well as the outside

A

Argand Lamp

489
Q

Oil lamp with swinging tubular arms, generally furnished with an Argand burner. Used in the early 19th century

A

Astral Lamp

490
Q

The process by which the eye adjusts to a change in light level

A

Adaptation

491
Q

General light, often indirect, or entering a room form an adjacent space

A

Ambient Light

492
Q

An opaque or translucent element used to shield a lamp from view or to absorb unwanted light

A

Baffle

493
Q

An unshielded light source

A

Bare Lamp

494
Q

An optical filler the selectively reflects some wavelengths, while transmitting others

A

Dichoroic Mirror

495
Q

The emission n of light, only during the absorption of radiation of a different wavelength

A

Fluorescence

496
Q

A series of baffles, usually geometric, used to shield a lamp from view at certain viewing angles

A

Louvers

497
Q

Glare, where reflection reduces contrast and so prevents detail being discerned

A

Veiling Reflection

498
Q

Broken or waste glass suitable for remelting

A

Cullet

499
Q

Literally meaning horse mirror. It is a full length mirror, usually standing on the floor

A

Cheval Glass

500
Q

Crushed glass often melted onto other glass to produce patterns and color

A

Fruit

501
Q

Joining two or more blown section while hot

A

Incalmo

502
Q

Threads of white or colored glass within clear glass, sometime lace like in pattern

A

Latticino

503
Q

Fragile opalescent glass wares made by the Romans and used for ornamental and useful purposes

A

Murrhine

504
Q

A glass or mirror designed to stand on the floor or against a a wall or a surface

A

Pier Glass

505
Q

An iron rod used in glass manufacturing to carry hot materials

A

Pontil

506
Q

A method of engraving on copper by the use of a resinous solution of nitric acid

A

Aquatint

507
Q

A protective plating for steel. Often used for wood screws

A

Cadmium Plaiting

508
Q

15th century metal alloy, the ancestor of pewter, being a combination of copper, tin, and lead. Used particularly in application to ornamental figures made in Dinant, Belgium

A

Dinandrie

509
Q

A type of metal inlay. The design is incised by means of acid applications on a metal base, and the depressions are filled in with wires or different metal cuts to fit

A

Damascene Work

510
Q

A metal product commonly used as a raw material feed in steel making, usually containing iron and other materials to aid various stages of the steel making process such as deoxidation, desulfurization and adding strength

A

Ferroalloy

511
Q

Metal linings, often ornamented and usually of cat iron, placed in a fireplace behind the fire to reflect hear and protect the masonry

A

Firebacks

512
Q

The process by which steel is coated with a layer of zinc. The zinc coating provides the steel with greater corrosion resistance

A

Galvanizing

513
Q

Steel cast in a metal mold ready for rolling or forging. It is distinct from casting, which is not rolled or forged

A

Ingot

514
Q

Ornamental or utilitarian metal work, such as handles, drawer pulls, escutcheons, etc. used on cabinetwork

A

Mounts

515
Q

Treating the surface of iron or steel with acid to remove scale, rust and dirt, preparatory to further processing such as cold rolling, tinning, galvanizing, polishing, etc

A

Pickling

516
Q

Oxide of iron that forms on the surface of steel after heating

A

Scale

517
Q

The non metallic forming a molten layer on top of the molten steel in a steel furnace. It is made by charging suitable materials and plays and important role in the refining of steel

A

Slag

518
Q

Silver that is 92 1/2% pure

A

Sterling

519
Q

Useful or decorative objects made of tin and ornamented with painted or enameled patterns

A

Tole