Mammography and Venipunctures Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Mammography and Venipunctures Deck (34)
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1
Q

What is the recommended age for women start have yearly mammograms?

A

40

2
Q

Breast cancer is the second only to ____?

A

lung cancer

32% accountable in all the new cancer in women

3
Q

Mammography started to become a reliable diagnostic tool around what year?

A

1950s

4
Q

What is the average survival rate for breast cancer patients?

A

2 years

1/8 women will develop it

5
Q

Name the risk factors:

A
Age
Family History
Genetics
Breast Type
Menstruation < 13, menopause > 55
Prolong use of estrogen
Late age birth/no children
6
Q

What level does the breast start?

A

From (clavicle or 2nd rib) to (6th or 7th rib)

7
Q

How many lobes does an average breast have?

A

15 to 20 lobes

8
Q

What are the standard projection for a procedure?

A

Craniocaudal Projection
Mediolateral Oblique
Implant Displaced (Eklund Methold) for implants

9
Q

True or False. Women should not wear deodorant before getting exam.

A

True

10
Q

Why would you send a patient over to MRI

A

Detect palpable masses not seen in mammography/ultasound.
Able to view glandular breast
Possible leakage from silicone breast implants

11
Q

Carcinoma locations:

A
Upper lateral: 50%
Upper medial: 15%
Nipple area: 20%
Lower lateral: 10%
Lower medial: 5%
12
Q

Age group between 15 to 30 years of age, having very dense breast tissue and has very little fat.

A

Fibro-Glandular

13
Q

Age group between 30 to 50 years of age, having 50% fat and 50% fibro-glandular, having more than 3 pregnancies.

A

Fibro-Fatty

14
Q

50 years and over, Postmenopausal, and breast of children and men.

A

Fatty

15
Q

What is a venipuncture

A

Puncture of the vein for withdrawal or injection of a substance.
fastest method where an instantaneous adverse reaction is possible

16
Q

What year did American College of Radiology (ACR) officially allowed venipuncture to be in the scope of practice.

A

1991

17
Q

What is the first thing you do before injecting a patient with a needle.

A

Introduce yourself, what department your from, obtain a PT history, explanation the procedure (why), and wash hands.

18
Q

Name the 3 components of syringe?

A

Tip: area where needle attaches to syringe
Barrel
Plunger: plastic device on syringe to withdraw or inject solutions.

19
Q

True or false, the gauge increase as the diameter of the bore decreases.

A

True.

*18 gauge is larger than a 22 gauge needle

20
Q

Average size of a IV needle?

A

1” to 1 1/2”

21
Q

Name the 3 components of the needle?

A

Hub: attaches to the syringe
Cannula: length of the needle
Bevel: slanted needle tip

22
Q

What are the five rights of mediation?

A
right patient
right medication
right route
right amount
right time
23
Q

Trachycardia, Bradycardia, Hypertension, Generalized erythema are symptoms of what?

A

Moderate Reaction to Contrast Media

24
Q

What does infiltration/extravastion mean?

A

a process where fluid passes into the tissue instead of a vein. Needle displacement

25
Q

How many attempts should a try before notifying a nurse?

A

2 attempts

26
Q

What happens when both walls of the vein are punctured?

A

Hematoma will develop

remove needle and apply pressure at puncture site

27
Q

How many degrees should you angle the needle before entering the skin

A

20 to 30 degrees

28
Q

How many inches should the tourniquet be placed away from the puncture site

A

6 to 8 inches

29
Q

Most commonly IV access points?

A

Anterior forearm, posterior hand, antecubital space.

for feet and legs PT should be 2 years and older

30
Q

What is the difference between an artery and a vein

A

arteries contain more pressure and has a pulse.

veins lie closer to the surface

31
Q

stainless steel needle with plastic appendages on both sides (wings), what am I?

A

Butterfly needle

also has a 6” of tubing with a connector @ the end

32
Q

What is a over the needle cannula?

A

catheter slips off the needle after needle is injected into PT.
recommended for long therm therapy or rapid infusions

33
Q

Laryngeal edema, profound hypotension, unresponsiveness, and cardiopulmonary arrest are symptoms of what?

A

Severe Reactions to Contrast Media

34
Q

Nausea, Vomitting, Warmth, and Headaches are symptoms of what?

A

Mild Reactions to Contrast Media