Mammograms and Ultrasound Flashcards Preview

MD Olivia Radiology > Mammograms and Ultrasound > Flashcards

Flashcards in Mammograms and Ultrasound Deck (20)
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1
Q

what does CC view mean?

A

cranial-caudal mammogram

2
Q

what does MLO view mean?

A

medial lateral oblique mammogram

3
Q

what can you see in a CC view mammogram?

A

Can see lateral and medial aspects of the breast. Imagine you are looking down on top of the breast in a birds eye view manner

4
Q

what can you see in a MLO view mammogram?

A

you can see superior and inferior aspects of the breast, as well as the axilla and pec major muscle. Imagine you are looking side on to the breast

5
Q

why might we see reduced fibrous connective tissue in the breast

A
  1. increased age–> fatty replacement
  2. removal of breast tissue
  3. mass lesion
6
Q

How do we localise the lesion to a quadrant?

A

write it in terms of o’clock and cm away from the nipple

7
Q

what are the 4 quadrants of the breast-

A

upper outer, upper inner, lower outer, lower inner

8
Q

what might a ovoid anechoic shape on U/s indicate?

A

cyst

9
Q

what might a hypo echoic mottled oval shape on the U/S indicate?

A

fibroadenoma

10
Q

what might a breast carcinoma look like on U/S?

A

margin of echogenicity, irregularly shaped, inner hypogenecity, posterior shadowing

11
Q

how would we insert a needle for biopsy into the breast?

A

from below the breast, parallel to the chest wall

12
Q

what might bright focal lesions on a mammogram suggest?

A

calcification

13
Q

if you saw a popcorn appearance of coarse calcification lesions on a mammogram, what would you think?

A

fibroadenoma

14
Q

if you saw micro calcification lesions- what would you think?

A

Ductal carcinoma in situ

15
Q

what might indicate malignancy on the mammogram?

A

microcalcification lesions and stellate appearance that is irregularly shaped

16
Q

what are we looking for on a mammogram?

A

mass lesions, calcification and micro distortions

17
Q

benign mimics of malignancy?

A

radial scar, sclerosing lesions, fat necrosis, microglandular adenosis

18
Q

malignant mimics of benign lesions?

A

subtle lobular cancer, medullary cancer, encysted papillary cancer, vascular tumours

19
Q

which do we use for screening- U/s or mammogram?

A

mammogram

20
Q

how can we tell the difference between a cyst or fibroadenoma on U/S?

A

anechoic vs hypoechoic