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Midwifery > Malpresentations > Flashcards

Flashcards in Malpresentations Deck (16)
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1
Q

What is frank breech?

A

where the babies hips are flexed and the legs are extended (ankles by ears or pike position)

2
Q

What is complete breech?

A

where the babies hips and knees are flexed and the feet are not below the level of the buttocks (cross-legged)

3
Q

What is footling breech?

A

where one or both of babies feet are presenting with extension at the hips and knees

4
Q

What is kneeling breech?

A

where one or both hips are extended with flexion at the knees so that the knee is the presenting part

5
Q

What are the five types of malpresentation?

A
  • brow
  • face
  • shoulder
  • breech
  • cord
6
Q

When will face presentation necessitate surgical birth?

A

When the baby is presenting mento-posterior, which means that fetal back is anterior
mento-anterior is fine for vaginal birth

7
Q

What proportion of babies are in shoulder presentation in labour?

A

1:250

8
Q

What proportion of babies are in brow presentation in labour?

A

1:1000

9
Q

What proportion of babies are in face presentation in labour?

A

1:500

10
Q

What are the two types of incomplete breech?

A
  • footling

- kneeling

11
Q

From 29-32 weeks what percentage of babies present in breech position?

A

around 15%

12
Q

At 35 weeks what is the chance that a breech baby will flip to cephalic?

A

25%

13
Q

What percentage of babies remain in breech position at 36 weeks?

A

3-4%

14
Q

What midwifery care should be offered for women with breech babies at 36 weeks?

A
  • offer ECV

- discussions about LUSCS or planned vaginal breech birth

15
Q

What 6 maternal factors are associated with a higher prevalence of breech presentation?

A
  • polyhydraminos
  • uterine anomalies (bicornate, septate)
  • fibroids
  • placental abnormalities (e.g. praevia)
  • contracted (smaller-than-usual) maternal pelvis
  • multiparity (particularly grand multiparity)
16
Q

What 5 fetal factors are associated with a higher prevalence of breech presentation?

A
  • prematurity
  • fetal anomalities (e.g. neurological, hydrocephalus, anenecephaly)
  • multiple pregnancy
  • fetal death
  • short umbilical cord