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Flashcards in Malabsorption Deck (20)
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1
Q

define malabsorption

A

defective mucosal absorption due to defective luminal digestion, mucosal disease or structural disorders

2
Q

list 5 common causes of malabsorption

A
coeliac disease
chrons disease
post infection
biliary struction
cirrhosis
3
Q

list 5 uncommon causes of malabsorption

A
pancreatic cancer
parasites
bacterial overgrowth
drugs
short bowel syndrome (eg from surgery)
4
Q

what are the 4 products which can be malabsorbed?

A

protein
fats
carbohydrates
vitamins/minerals

5
Q

what are some digestive causes of protein malabsorption?

A

gastrectomy (poor mixing)
exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
trypsinogen insufficiency
congenital intestinal enterokinase deficiency

6
Q

what are some absorptive causes of protein malabsorption?

A
coeliac disease and tropical sprue
methionine malabsorption syndrome/blue diaper syndrome
short bowel
jejunoileal bypass
Hartsnup disease
Cystinuria I-III
Oculocerebral syndrome of Lowe
7
Q

what specific disease states can cause malabsorption?

A

coeliac disease
chrons disease
parasitic infections
small bowel bacterial overgrowth

8
Q

what 5 histories must be taken in GI history taking?

A
Past medical history
Travel history
Social history
Drug history
Dietary history
9
Q

Disease in which 3 organs can lead to malabsorption?

A

Liver
Pancreas
Small bowel

10
Q

what are some common GI symptoms?

A

Diarrhoea (ask about character)
Abdominal swelling
Oedema
Non-specific = lassitude, poor concentration, psychiatric disturbance

11
Q

what is acrodermatitis enteropathica?

A

autosomal recessive disorder which causes impaired zinc uptake

12
Q

what are the symptoms of acrodermatitis enteropathica and how is it treated?

A

acral and perioral rash
alopecia
treated with lifelong zinc supplements

13
Q

what might dermatitis herpetiformis indicate?

A

coeliac disease

14
Q

what are the symptoms of dermatitis herpetiformis?

A

itchy blisters on extensor surfaces

sub-epithelial IgA deposition

15
Q

what deficiencies can cause glossitis and angular symptoms?

A

B vitamins

Iron

16
Q

what deficiency causes spooning of the nails?

A

iron

17
Q

What types of investigations are performed in malabsorption and which is most common?

A

non-invasive = first
invasive = second
rare, complex investigations = lastly

18
Q

list 6 baseline investigations for malabsorption

A
FBC
coagulation
LFT's
Albumin
Calcium/magnesium
Stool culture
19
Q

Name 2 anatomical investigations for malabsorption

A

endoscopy

Imaging

20
Q

How is malnutrition managed?

A

treat underlying cause
replace the deficiency
Support nutritionally

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