Machining Operations Flashcards

1
Q

What is an advantage of machining over casting?

A

Greater precision and accuracy

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2
Q

What are the two types of machined parts?

A

Rotational or non-rotational

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3
Q

What two factors of a machine operation determine the part geometry?

A

(1) the relative motions between the tool and the workpart

(2) the shape of the cutting tool

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4
Q

What is turning?

A

Turning is a machining process in which a single-point tool removes material from the surface of a rotating workpiece. Turning is traditionally carried out on a machine tool called a lathe.

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5
Q

Describe the lathe operation facing

A

The tool is fed radially into the rotating work on one end to create a flat surface on the end.

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6
Q

Describe the lathe operation taper turning

A

Instead of feeding the tool parallel to the axis of rotation of the work, the tool is fed at an angle, thus creating a tapered cylinder or conical shape.

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7
Q

Describe the lathe operation contour turning

A

Instead of feeding the tool along a straight line parallel to the axis of rotation as in turning, the tool follows a contour that is other than straight, thus creating a contoured form in the turned part.

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8
Q

Describe the lathe operation form turning

A

In this operation, sometimes called forming, the tool has a shape that is imparted to the work by plunging the tool radially into the work.

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9
Q

Describe the lathe operation chamfering

A

The cutting edge of the tool is used to cut an angle on the corner of the cylinder, forming what is called a “chamfer”.

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10
Q

Describe the lathe operation cutoff

A

The tool is fed radially into the rotating work at some location along its length to cut off the end of the part. This operation is sometimes referred to as parting.

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11
Q

Describe the lathe operation threading

A

A pointed tool is fed linearly across the outside surface of the rotating workpart in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation at a large effective feed rate, thus creating threads in the cylinder.

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12
Q

Describe the lathe operation boring

A

A single-point tool is fed linearly, parallel to the axis of rotation, on the inside diameter of an existing hole in the part.

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13
Q

Describe the lathe operation drilling

A

Drilling can be performed on a lathe by feeding the drill into the rotating work along its axis. Reaming can be performed in a similar way.

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14
Q

Describe the lathe operation knurling

A

This is not a machining operation because it does not involve cutting of material. Instead, it is a metal forming operation used to produce a regular crosshatched pattern in the work surface.

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15
Q

What is the difference between drilling and boring?

A

Drilling creates a new hole in a workpiece whereas boring enlarges an existing workpiece

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16
Q

Describe the drilling operation reaming

A

Reaming is used to slightly enlarge a hole, to provide a better tolerance on its diameter, and to improve its surface finish. The tool is called a reamer, and it usually has straight flutes.

17
Q

Describe the drilling operation tapping

A

This operation is performed by a tap and is used to provide internal screw threads on an existing hole.

18
Q

Describe the drilling operation counterboring

A

Counterboring provides a stepped hole, in which a larger diameter follows a smaller diameter partially into the hole. A counterbored hole is used to seat bolt heads into a hole so the heads do not protrude above the surface.

19
Q

Describe the drilling operation countersinking

A

This is similar to counterboring, except that the step in the hole is cone shaped for flat head screws and bolts

20
Q

Describe the drilling operation centering

A

Also called center drilling, this operation drills a starting hole to accurately establish its location for subsequent drilling. The tool is called a center drill.

21
Q

Describe the drilling operation spotfacing

A

Spot facing is similar to milling. It is used to provide a flat machined surface on the workpart in a localized area.

22
Q

What is milling?

A

Milling is a machining operation in which a workpart is fed past a rotating cylindrical tool with multiple cutting edges.

23
Q

What are the two basic types of milling?

A

Peripheral milling

Face milling

24
Q

What are the six types of face milling?

A
Conventional face milling
Partial face milling
End milling
Profile milling
Pocket milling
Surface contouring