Lymphatic and Immune Pathology

Question 1

Allergist

Answer 1

A physician who specializes in testing for and treating allergies

Question 2

Immunology

Answer 2

A branch of medicine concerned with diagnosis and treatment of infection diseases and other disorders of the immune system. Physician is an ‘immunologist.’

Question 3

Pathology

Answer 3

A branch of medicine concerned with determining the underlying causes and development. Physician is an ‘immunologist.’

Question 4

Hives

Answer 4

Appearance of wheals as part of an allergic reaction

Question 5

Inflammation

Answer 5

The tissues’ response to injury from pathogens or physical agents. Characterized by redness, pain, swelling, and feeling hot to touch

Question 6

Lymphedema

Answer 6

Edema appearing in the extremities due to an obstruction of the lymph flow through the lymphatic vessels

Question 7

Pathogenic

Answer 7

An adjective term to describe something–such as bacteria, viruses, or toxins–that produce disease

Question 8

Spelnomegaly

Answer 8

An enlarged spleen

Question 9

Urticaria

Answer 9

Severe itching associated with hives, usually linked to food allergy, stress, or drug reactions

Question 10

Allergy

Answer 10

Hypersensitivity to a common substance in the environment or to a medication. The substance causing the allergic reaction is called an ‘allergen.’

Question 11

Anaphylactic Shock

Answer 11

Life-threatening condition resulting from a severe allergic reaction. Examples of instances that may trigger this reaction include bee stings, medications, or the ingestion of foods. Circulatory and respiratory problems occur, including respiratory distress, hypotension, edema, tachycardia, and convulsions, Also called ‘anaphylaxis.’

Question 12

Adenoiditis

Answer 12

Inflammation of the adenoids

Question 13

Autoimmune Disease

Answer 13

A disease resulting from the body’s immune system attacking its own cells as if they were pathogens. Examples include systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis

Question 14

Elephantiasis

Answer 14

Inflammation, obstruction, and destruction of the lymph vessels resulting in enlarged tissues due to edema

Question 15

Hodgkin’s Disease (HD)

Answer 15

Also called ‘Hodgkin’s lymphoma.’ Caner of the lymphatic cells found in concentration in the lymph nodes. Named after Thomas Hodgkin, a British physician, who first described it

Question 16

Lymphadenitis

Answer 16

Inflammation of the lymph nodes. Referred to as ‘swollen glands.’

Question 17

Lymphadenopathy

Answer 17

A general term for lymph node diseases

Question 18

Lymphangioma

Answer 18

A tumor in a lymphatic vessel

Question 19

Lymphoma

Answer 19

A tumor in lymphatic tissue

Question 20

Mononucleosis (mono)

Answer 20

Acute infectious disease with a larger number of abnormal mononuclear lymphocytes. Caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. Abnormal liver function may occur

Question 21

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL)

Answer 21

Cancer of the lymphatic tissues other than Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Question 22

Thymoma

Answer 22

A tumor of the thymus gland

Question 23

Tonsillitis

Answer 23

Inflammation of the tonsils

Question 24

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Answer 24

Disease involving a defect in the cell-mediated immunity system. A syndrome of opportunistic infections occurring in the final stages of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This virus attacks T4 lymphocytes and destroys them, reducing the person’s ability to fight infection

Question 25

AIDS-related complex (ARC)

Answer 25

Early stage of AIDS. There is a positive test for the virus, but only mild symptoms of weight loss, fatigue, skin rash, and anorexia

Question 26

Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD)

Answer 26

Serious complication of bone marrow transplant (graft). Immune cells from the donor bone marrow attack the recipient’s (host’s) tissues

Question 27

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Answer 27

Virus that causes AIDS; also known as a ‘retrovirus.’

Question 28

Immunocompromised

Answer 28

Having an immune system that is unable to respond properly to pathogens. Also called ‘immunodeficiency disorder.’

Question 29

Kaposi’s Sarcoma (KS)

Answer 29

Form of skin cancer frequently seen in patients with AIDS. It consists of brownish-purple papules that spread from the skin and metastasize to internal organs. Named for Moritz Kaposi, an Austrian dermatologist

Question 30

Opportunistic Infections

Answer 30

Infectious diseases associated with patients who have compromised immune systems and therefore a lowered resistance to infections and parasites. May be the result of HIV infection

Question 31

Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP)

Answer 31

Pneumonia common in patients with weakened immune systems, such as AIDS patients, caused by the Pneumocystis jiroveci fungus

Question 32

Sarcoidosis

Answer 32

Disease of unknown cause that forms fibrous lesions commonly appearing in the lymph nodes, liver, skin, lungs, spleen, eyes, and small bones of the hands and feet

Question 33

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Syndrome (SCIDS)

Answer 33

Disease seen in children born with a non-functioning immune system. Often these children are forced to live in sealed sterile rooms