Flashcards in Lower Leg, Ankle and Foot Anatomy Deck (37)
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1
What are the muscle compartments of the leg?
-Lateral
-Anterior
-Posterior
2
What nerves supply the muscles of the leg?
-Common fibular and its superficial and deep branches
-Tibial nerve (branch of sciatic)
3
What is the most frequently injured joint of the body?
Ankle
4
What type of joint is the ankle?
Uniaxial Synovial hinge
5
Where is the ankle joint located
Between the distal part of tibia,fibula & upper part of talus
6
What is the ankle joint critical in?
Weight bearing and walking
7
What bones are involved in articulation at the ankle?
-Fibula
-Tibia
-Talus
8
What are the 2 prominences present at the ankle joint?
-Medial malleolus
-Lateral malleolus
9
When is malleolar grip strongest?
During dorsiflexion
10
When is the ankle joint unstable?
During plantar felxion
11
What are the features of the ankle capsule?
Thin in front and behind
12
What is the ankle capsule supported by?
Collateral ligaments
-Medial (deltoid) ligament
-Lateral ligament
13
What are the features of the medial (deltoid) ligament of the ankle?
-Large, strong triangular band
-Three slips from medial malleolus to talus, calcaneus & navicular
-Stabilizes the joint during eversion
14
What are the features of the lateral ligament of the ankle?
-Has three slips
-Weaker than medial ligament
-Commonly involved in ankle injuries
15
What muscles are involved in dorsiflexion?
-Tibialis anterior
-Extensor digitorum longus
-Extensor halluces longus
-Peroneus or fibular tertius
16
What muscles are involved in plantar flexion?
-Gastrocnemius
-Soleus
-Assisted by plantaris,
-Tibialis posterior
-Flexor hallucis longus
-Flexor digitorum longus
17
What type of injury is a sprain?
Invesrion injury
18
What is a Pott fracture?
Dislocation of the ankle
19
What is footballer's ankle?
Repeated strain in the anterior capsule
20
What is tarsal tunnel syndrome?
Tibial nerve compression deep to flexor retinacula
21
What aponeurosis is present on the sole of the foot?
Plantar aponeurosis
22
What nerves and arteries run deep to the plantar aponeurosis?
-Lateral plantar nerve and artery
-Medial plantar nerve and artery
23
How many dorsal interossei are there?
4 (bipennate)
24
How may plantar interossei are there?
3 (unipennate)
25
What is the skeleton of the foot divided into?
Tarsus, metatarsus and phalanges
26
What is the function of the foot?
-Support the body in standing and progression
-Lever it forwards in walking, running and jumping
27
Where does inversion and eversion occur in the foot?
Movements occur at the subtalar and transverse tarsal joints
28
What muscles invert the foot?
-Tibialis anterior
-Tibialis posterior
29
What muscles evert the foot?
-Fibularis longus
-Fibularis brevis
30
